energy.gov/sunshot

energy.gov/sunshot

DOE Solar Energy Grid Integration R&D

PV Distribution System Modeling Workshop Santa Clara, CA

Guohui Yuan, PhD DOE SunShot / System Integration

5/6/2014

energy.gov/sunshot energy.gov/sunshot 1

DOE SunShot Vision and Goals

Deployment / grid integration • Solar energy 14% of U.S.

electricity energy demand by 2030, 27% by 2050

Cost reduction “reduce the total installed cost of solar energy systems to $0.06 per kilowatt-hour (kWh) by 2020. Today, SunShot is 60% of its way toward achieving the cost target.

SunShot Vision Study

Benchmark 2010*

2013* 2020 Target

Utility Scale PV Installed Cost

$4.0/W $2.27/W $1.0/W

LCOE $0.21/kWh $0.11/kWh $0.06/kWh

* Source: DOE SunShot / NREL

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U.S. Solar Market

• U.S. solar installation up by 41%

• Cumulative capacity over 13 GW

100 GW

200 GW

300 GW

Source: GTM Research

energy.gov/sunshot

The viSIon

100 GW Solar

Penetration

Plant Performance and Reliability • Performance uncertainty < 2%

• Failure detection > 95% • System weight < 2 lb/ft2

• Labor costs < $0.10/W

Communications • Nodes connected > 5M

• Availability = 100% • Response time < 1 sec.

Power Electronics • Cost < $0.10/W

• Service life > 25 years • Efficiency > 98%

Dispatchability • Integration cost = 0 • ≥ NERC standards at no additional cost

Grid Performance and Reliability • PV gen capacity > 100% peak load

• Interconnection approval < 1 wk • Voltage THD < 5%; IHD < 3%

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Scale of the Problem

100 GW = 100,000 of 1 MW

utility-scale systems

OR 10 million of 10 kW residential systems

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• Focus on enabling high solar penetration in a safe, reliable and cost-effective manner

1. Grid Performance & Reliability (GPR)

energy.gov/sunshot energy.gov/sunshot

2. Dispatchability • Enable dispatch of solar power plants at utility and distributed

scales in a fashion that is comparable to or better than conventional power plants

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• All PV-generated electricity flows through power electronics and its share in the electric system is increasing rapidly.

• PV systems also dynamically interact with other power flow controllers in the electric power grid.

3. Power Electronics

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Number of connected nodes

Network availability

Response time

Cybersecurity

Open architecture

Plug and Play

Modular

Standard-based

Device-level

Enterprise-Level

4. Communication

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5. Plant Performance and Reliability

Performance uncertainty

System reliability

O & M costs

energy.gov/sunshot

Active SunShot System Integration Programs

HiPEN BOS-X SEGIS-AC RTC Plug and Play Forecasting SUNRISE PREDICTS Incubator LAB R&D

energy.gov/sunshot

DOE SunShot SEGIS-AC Program (2011-2015)

11 11

SolarBridge - ACPV GE Global Research - microinverter Alencon - MW inverter

Topic 1: Smart grid functionality that makes it easier to integrate PV solar into the grid

University of Hawaii – residential PV EPRI – utility-scale PV w/storage AE Solar Energy – utility-scale PV w/

storage

Topic 2: Reduce the cost of power electronics and BOS

2010 Benchmark

SunShot Goal

energy.gov/sunshot energy.gov/sunshot

• Utility partners - 6 • Demonstration sites - 10 • Inverters manufacturers - 8 • Universities - 2 • National labs - 3 • Publications & patents – at least 20 • Contribution to standard activities – CIM, MultiSpeak,

Zigbee Alliance, SunSpec, IEEE, IEC, Rule 21

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SEGIS-AC By the Numbers

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Project Partners

13

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Smart Inverter Functions

14

Site Specific Testing and Demonstration

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Inverter Testing

• Grid simulator • PV simulator • Communication • Remote control

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Test Protocols

Key smart inverter functions tested • Volt/Var • Volt/Watt • Freq-watt • L/H voltage ride through • Max generation level up/down • Remote connect/disconnect • Adjustable power factor • Dynamic reactive current

IEEE 1547a standards

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Demonstration Sites

• Instrumentation • Inverter upgrade • PMC • Communication • DERMS software • Remote control

energy.gov/sunshot

Discussion

• Join us at the Sunshot Summit! • May 19-22 | Anaheim, California | SunShot Grand

Challenge Summit and Peer Review 2014

• Questions and comments, please contact Guohui.Yuan@ee.doe.gov