Rice Production and Strategy to Increase Food Security in Malaysia

Government of Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry

RICE PRODUCTION & STRATEGY TO INCREASE

FOOD SECURITY IN MALAYSIA

PADDY PRODUCTION (WET PADDY ONLY)

MALAYSIA 2013 JELAPANG PADI

Planted Areas (ha)

605000 380283

Average Yield (t/Ha)

4.30

5.20


Source: Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry Malaysia

PRODUCTION & IMPORTS


1990 2000 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

PRODUCTI

ON – M T

1.22 1.38 1.38 1.53 1.52 1.62 1.64 1.67 1.70 1.67

SSL(%) 78.7 70.0 62.2 65.7 58.2 58.9 63.8 62.5 63.0 62.5

IMPORT -

MT

0.33 0.59 0.84 0.80 1.09 1.13 0.93 1.0 1.0 1.0

NUTRITIOUS and SAFE

FOOD TO MAINTAIN

HEALTH


ECONOMIC ACCESS +

PHYSICAL ACCESS

FOOD SECURITY

Increase Domestic Rice

Production Government of Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry

Stablised Rice Price +

Ensure Sufficient Supply

FOOD SECURITY

Y. Pot. T/Ha

TRADITIONAL VAR: 2.0

MAHSURI 4.0

RIA, JAYA ETC 5.5

SETANJUNG 6.5

MR 84 8.0

MR 219 (LATER VAR.) 10.0

2 HYBRID : 10 +

(SIRAJ AND HS 98)

( aromatic and pulut lower potential)

YIELD POTENTIAL OF RELEASE VARIETIES

POTENTIAL TO INCREASE

PRODUCTIVITY IN NON-GRANARY

AREAS (based on Pilot projects)

POTENTIAL

Av. YIELD T/HA

%HIGH YIELDING

FARMERS

SABAH: 1. PAPAR

2. KOTA

BELUT

4.0

5.5

20% MORE THAN

5t/ha

20% MORE THAN 6

T/HA

SARAWAK: 1. T. Purun

2. B. Lupar

4.5

4.5

15% MORE THAN 6 T/HA

15% MORE THAN 6T/HA

PENINSULAR – NON

GRANARY

6.0 10% more than

7 t/ha

For Rice SSL 100%

Average yield must increase to 7.0 t/ha

(20 % of farmers is getting yield more than 6 t/ha)

Problem is:

60% getting yield 4 - 6 t/ha,

And 18 % getting 4 t/ha and below

STRATERGY TO INCREASE RICE PRODUCTION

1. INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY: yield increase Based on current technologies: technology transfer

2. INCREASE YIELD POTENTIAL THROUGH RESEARCH

3. INCREASE UTILIZATION OF MARGINAL LAND THROUGH NEW TECHNOLOGY

4. REGIONAL COOPERATION


REASON FOR LOW YIELD

1. LOW PLANT NUMBER

2. WEEDS INCLUDING ‘PADI ANGIN’

3. PESTS AND DISEASES

4. HARVESTING LOSES AND POST HARVEST LOSES

THESE ARE DUE TO POOR CROP

MANAGEMENT AND POOR SERVICE

PROVIDER

HOW TO GET MORE

FARMERS TO OBTAIN HIGH

YIELD – CLOSE TO

POTENTIAL

1. Increase average yield through

productivity


• Crop Management

Land preparation:Level plot and good tillage

* Variety, seeds supply and quality, seed rate

* Water management (water timing, depth)

* Crop management (timing of herbicide &fertilizer application etc)

* Service providers (land preparation, inputs application & harvesting)

* Monitoring crops growth and pest/disease incidence

1. Increase average yield through

productivity


• Crop Production System

* Develop larger small holder operators

* Group farming with central management

* Mini-estate – central management

* Establish large estates through consolidation

1. Increase Average Yield Through

Productivity


• Crop Monitoring System - DSS

* Integrate disease and pest model, forecasting

model with long range weather forecast

* Fertilizer model/needs of crops

* Monitoring system for early signs of pest and

disease & nutrient deficiency – remote and

ground sensors

* Forecast economic loss and recommendations

* GPS and information dissemination system

Effective rice technology

transfer and promotion 1. Pilot projects and demo plots

2. Modules/manual for high yield rice production

technology; training

3. Entrepreneur development for selected rice

technologies:

i. High yield/specialty rice/organic rice/

aerobic rice/feed rice

ii. selected rice products/by-

products

2. Increase Yield Potential Through Research


• Breeding new varieties with higher potential in: * increasing panicle and grain size

* better photosynthesis rate; low respiration rate * better fertilizer efficiency * Better resistance to pest and diseases * Increase grain filling duration • Use wild Rice in crosses to increase genetic diversity • Hybrid rice varieties: 15 – 20% higher potential

High yield rice production system

Fertilizer management for high yield production

system: types of fertilizer,

formulation, application technology

Cultural practices for high yield production

system

Population dynamics of rice pests and diseases

in high-input rice production areas

Environment friendly rice pest

management technologies

1. Cultural practice for pest management

2. Natural enemies and biodiversity conservation

3. Biological control diseases and insect pests

4. Management of rodents and golden apple snail

5. Management strategies for new emerging pests

6. Weed management anticipating responses in the weed flora

3. Increase utilization of marginal land: rain-fed, peat soil, acid soil, sandy soil


• Utilizing new technologies from research and development

• Aerobic rice (varieties, water management, weed management) : areas with no proper infrastructures

• New varieties with tolerance to peat soil, acid soils • New agronomic packages for peat soil, acid soils • Food crop rotation and animal integration in single

cropped rice areas

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