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Application of SEA in Infrastructure Planning
STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT CONFERENCE, Jakarta, 4 – 5 DECEMBER 2017
By:
Bambang Tri Sasongko Adi (PT HATFIELD INDONESIA)
Images are downloaded from https://www.competeprosper.ca/
Outlines
• Introduction• Infrastructure development plan (2015-2019)• Infrastructure sector and SDGs• Characteristics of infrastructure development• Is AMDAL only sufficient?• SEA for infrastructure program• SEA Typology• Why require SEA?• International practices• SEA for infrastructure sector
Introduction
• Infrastructure is the main driver of growth in Indonesian economy;
• Infrastructure investment commitments could raise Indonesia’s GDP by 0.3 percent, out of 0.9 percent additional growth from all of implemented commitments by 2018 (tax, SMEs, business licenses, manpower, market, etc.)1
• Strategic infrastructure projects are usually complex and beyond the capacity of AMDAL to address environmental and social issues
12017 Growth Strategy – Indonesia (G20 Germany 2017)
Selected Infrastructure Development Plan (2015-2019)2
2 Kementerian PPN/BAPPENAS (2014)
• 49 new dam and 33 HPP
• 1 Mio Ha irrigation dev.• 3 Mio Ha Rehabilitation
• 341 cities/districts Sanitary Landfill
• 22,500 Ha reduced flooding
• 35 MW electricity• 2 @ 2x300 kb oil refinery• Expansion of gas facilities
• 2,650 Km new roads• 1,000 Km toll roads• 46,770 Km improvement
• 24 new ports• 60 connecting ports• Sea toll development
• 3,258 Km new railways (Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Kalimantan)
Infrastructure to support SEZ (Specific Economic Zone)2
2 Kementerian PPN/BAPPENAS (2014)
Infrastructure and SDGs3
Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
3The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development: Challenges and Opportunities for Indonesia. ILO discussion paper for Conference on Indonesia’s Agenda for SDG’s toward Decent Work for All Jakarta 17-18 February 2016
Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
Distribution of growth Employment opportunities Capacity of local workers
Business Opportunities Sustainable landuses Industrial best practices
Reduce flooding Climate change adaptation Env. degradation
Characteristics of Infrastructure
Infrastructure
Protected/ Conservation
areas
• Balikpapan –Samarinda toll road
• Probolinggo –Banyuwangi toll road
Across Boundaries
• Trans Sumatra and Java toll road
• Gas pipeline
• Trans Kalimantan railways
Strategic Sector
• Trade and investment• Tourism
• Mining, etc.
• Rural/urban development• Agriculture and forestry,
Multiplier Effect
• Settlement• Farming• Land conversion
Spatial Planning
• RTRWN – RTRWP –RTRWK
• Overlapping issues
Land Acquisition
• Livelihood change and monitoring
• Indigenous peoples
Environment
• Biodiversity• Decreases natural resources
• Social perception
Is AMDAL Only Sufficient?Project
investment planning,
infrastructure and service
delivery
Project’s surrounding Biophysical,
Human and Social Environment
AMDAL: Only focus in project area. Other activities outside of project area that are not related are excluded
SEA: Focus on a wider context (landscape, watershed, regional). Project area is part of the planning stage for wider sustainable investment
Sumber: Kementerian PPN/BAPPENAS (2014)
Sumber: Kementerian PPN/BAPPENAS (2014)
Sumber: Kementerian PPN/BAPPENAS (2014)
Sumber: Kementerian PPN/BAPPENAS (2014)
Sumber: Kementerian PPN/BAPPENAS (2014)
SEA for Infrastructure Program
AMDAL 3, etc.AMDAL 1 AMDAL 2PROJECT LEVEL
PROGRAM / SECTOR
REGIONAL SEA FOR RPJMD
Environmental and Social Carrying Capacity, risks
assessment for specific infrastructure program
Framework for biodiversity, socio-
culture, and environmental management
Assessment of alternatives,
environmental services, recommendation for
PPP
NATIONAL
SEA FOR SPATIAL PLAN
SEA
FO
R IN
FRA
STR
UC
TUR
E P
RO
GR
AM
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
SEA Typology4
Policy Plan Program Project
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AMDAL
REGIONAL & PROGRAM SEA
POLICY SEA SECTOR SEA
International Applications: International Cooperation, national budgeting, long terminvestment plan, legislative proposal, global and sector policies, poverty eradication policy,landuse and spatial plan, sector plan (infrastructure, agriculture, tourism, mining, etc.)
4 Partodario (2000) & Nurlambang (2009)
SP SEA
Why Require SEA?5
• Increasing benefit of development.
• Assurance of sustainable results from development.
• Avoid mistakes in the planning/prediction in the early stage of PPP;
• Negative impact at the project area can be managed and prevented effectively, as environmental consideration has been included in the Policy, Plan and Program stage.
5 Nurlambang (2009)
International practices• Strategic Environmental
Assessment in the Transport Sector: An Overview of Legislation and Practice in EU Member States. EC-DG Environment, October 2000
• Report on Strategic Environmental Assessment for the Energy Sector Development of the Rep. of Serbia by 2025 with projection until 2030 (2013)
• Strategic Environmental Assessment for Wind Power and Solar PV in South Africa (2015)
• SEA for Fundy Tidal Energy, Nova Scotia Department of Energy (2008)
• Strategic Environmental Assessment for Future Leasing for Offshore Wind Farms and Licensing for Offshore Oil & Gas and Gas Storage (2009)
• Integrating SEA into Power Planning. ADB (2015)
• Strategic Environmental Assessment for Transport in Four Nordic Countries (November 1999)
• Strategic Environmental Assessment to Improve Infrastructure Impact Assessments in Brazil (2013)
SEA for Infrastructure Sector
• Regulation on SEA: Law 32/2009 and PP 46/2016;
– Plan, Policy and Program that has the potential causing impacts and/or environmental risks
– Public request for PPP to have a SEA
THANK YOUFor further information, please contact:
Bambang Tri Sasongko Adi
PT Hatfield Indonesia