Presented ByJannat Ara Anny Sharmin Shaty

Nahin Mahfuz SeamUnder the supervision of Dr. salma

sultan

MOUNTAINECOSYSTEMS

Content What is the ecosystemBasic information about mountainsImportance of mountainsThreats for mountains ecosystemsRecommendations for saving mountains

ecosystems

What is an Ecosystem Ecosystem: is defined as any

community of living and non-living things that work together. 

Biotic factorsBiotic factors are all of the living organisms within an ecosystem. For example : 1. plants 2. Animals 3. Fungi and Other living things

Abiotc factors  Abiotc factors are all of the non-living things in an

ecosystem. Such as stones, rocks, sand, silt , flora and fauna.

What are mountains?

Why mountain ecosystem is Important?Mountains are home to one tenth of the

world’s population and cover 25 percent of the earth’s land surface.

Half of World’s population depends on mountain fresh water.

Fresh Air Important as centers of biological

diversity.EnergyTraditional zoogeographic regions are

mountain rangesTourism

Mountain Ranges around the world

Highest Mountains on the continent Himalaya in Asia Highest peak Mount Everest 8850 meter Caucasus Mountains in Europe Highest peak Mount Elbrus 5633 meter Kilimanjaro national park in Africa Highest peak Kilimanjaro 5963 meter Denali National Park and Preserve in North America Highest peak Mount McKinley 6194 meter Andes Mountain Range in South America Highest peak Aconcagua 6959 meter Mount Carstensz in Australia Highest peak Puncak Jaya 4884 meter Ellsworth Mountains in Antarctic Peninsula Highest peak Vinson Massif 4897 meter

Mountain Ecosystem food web

International mountain ecosystem

The mountains which are formed by the blocks earth's crust or rock-bed developed by the tensional forces and faulting are known as Relict Mountains.

Aravail mountain range In India

Relict Mountains

Local Mountain Ecosystem(Bangladesh)

In Bangladesh all hills are fold mountains

Chittagong Hill Tracks(CHT)-They are divided into three districts: Khagrachari District, Rangamati Hill District, and Bandarban District. It covers 13,295 sq.km area of southeastern part of Bangladesh. Highest hill tajingdong 1310 meter.

Sylhet –low lying hill in the north western part of Bangladesh. Mainly used for tea garden.

Threats are:

Threats for the mountain Ecosystem

Climate

changeHabitat

lossSpecies

Lossmount

ain peopl

e

Climate change:It is widely accepted that climate change is the

main factor behind the accelerated glacier retreat observed in the Mountain.

Habitat Loss:

 agriculture land and for development purposes, and the use of forests for timber, food and fuel wood are some of the main threats to biodiversity in this mountain region.

 Mountain people

 who are among the world's poorest and hungriest. they use so much resource from the mountain ecosystem.

Major causes degradation of mountain ecosystem

Deforestation and habitat alteration Downside tourism The human activities Agriculture Infrastructures development

International agreement and protocol to protect the mountain ecosystem

.

The UN General Assembly nominated 11 December,” from 2003 onwards, as “International Mountain Day”.

Chapter 13 of Agenda 21 on Sustainable Mountain Development recognized that mountain ecosystems are rapidly changing and that the proper management of mountain resources and socio-economic development of the people affected deserved immediate action.

The United Nations General Assembly proclaimed 2002 as the International Year of Mountains with the main objective to increase awareness of the importance of sustainable mountain development

Presently government of Bangladesh are trying to protect mountain ecosystem:Deploying environment policePlanting more treeCreate awarenessStop cutting hill Establishment of Bangladesh environment

protection Act, 1995

Recommendations for saving mountain Ecosystem Change people’s minds Creating “Environmental Tax System” Pro-environmental propaganda Research and Monitoring Establishment of special

Environmentally-friendly class at schools

Reference http://

news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/02/0201_020201_wiremountain_2.html

Data from UN Environmental Program http://news.worldlifefoundation.com/ecosystem/mou

ntains.html http://news.sustainablemountain.com/mountainecos

ystem.html Tottho batayon/ Chittagong hill tracts http://fao.org/docrep/w9300e/w9300e03.html http://planningcommission.nic.in/aboutus/committee/

wrkgrp11/tf11_ecosys.pdf https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki http://www.icimod.org/?q=16902

Thank you