Upload
meera-vaidya
View
118
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
CRADLE to GRAVE ANALYSIS
COMPARATIVE STUDY
between
Paraffin wax tea light candle
&
Soy wax tea light candle
Meera VaidyaLife Cycle Analysis
Candidate M.S. Sustainable Environmental Systems
February 17, 2015
Image reference: http://images.clipartpanda.com/candle-flame-art-gold-flame-hi.png
MEERA VAIDYACradle to Grave – Tea light candles
PRODUCT INTRODUCTION
GOALS & DEFINITIONS
SCOPE OF ANALYSIS
CALCULATIONS
CRADLE TO GRAVE
ANALYSIS
CONCLUSION
MEERA VAIDYACradle to Grave – Tea light candles
PRODUCT INTRODUCTION
Paraffin Wax
Tea light candleComponents:
Paraffin wax
Thread
Aluminum cup
Aluminum disk
Soy Wax
Tea light candleComponents:
Soy wax
Thread
Polycarbonate cup
Aluminum disk
MEERA VAIDYACradle to Grave – Tea light candles
GOALS & DEFINITIONS
• EDUCATIONAL
• ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF
PARAFFIN WAX VERSUS SOY WAX
• USE OF ALUMINUM TRAY AS COMPARED TO PLASTIC TRAY
• OVERALL USABILITY PERIOD OF EITHER CANDLES
PURPOSE
FOCUS
• EDUCATIONAL
• COMPARITIVE ANLYSIS
AUDIENCE
MEERA VAIDYACradle to Grave – Tea light candles
SCOPE OF ANALYSIS
FUNCTIONAL UNIT
Function of candle measured in
HOURS BURNT
Functional unit for tea light
candles = 12 hours of tea light use
MEERA VAIDYACradle to Grave – Tea light candles
• Material weights are calculated using volume and densities as below:• Paraffin Wax – 900 kg/m3 – 0.9 g/cm3
• Aluminum – 2.7 g/cm3
• Volume of thread is ignored in calculating wax volume
• Thickness of aluminum tray, cup and plastic cup is measured approximately
• Assumed the wax and thread to be burnt entirely with no residue
• No recycling / reuse was assumed –All of the remaining part of candle is assumed to go to landfill through trash
• Soy wax - 0.9 g/ml
• Polycarbonate plastic - 1.21 g/cm3WEIGHT
VOLUME
USE
END
SCOPE OF ANALYSIS
MEERA VAIDYACradle to Grave – Tea light candles
CALCULATIONS
SOY WAX CANDLE PARAFFIN WAX CANDLE
Paraffin wax weight = 0.9 * 8.6875 = 7.819 g
Thread weight = 9 – 1.135 – 7.819 = 0.046 g
Aluminum disk weight = 2.7 * 0.149 = 0.402 g
Aluminum tray weight = 2.7 * 0.271 = 0.733 g
Total Aluminum weight =0.733 + 0.402 =1.135 g
Manufacturing to Distribution = 14,492 X 0.009 =
130.428 km kg
Distribution to Shop =536 X 0.009 =4.834 km kg
Shop to Home = 1.6 X 0.009 = 0.0144 km kg
Home to Landfill = 10.5 X 0.0015 = 0.0142 km kg
Soy wax weight = 0.9 * 14.47917 = 13.031 g
Thread is 7/8th of Paraffin wax candle
Thread weight = 8/7 * 0.046 = 0.056 g
Aluminum disk weight = 2.7 * 0.149 = 0.402 g
Manufa. to cargo = 265.54 km * 0.017 kg = 4.514 km
kg
Air distance = 3866.127 km * 0.017 kg = 65.724 km kg
Cargo to home = 33.957 km * 0.017 kg = 0.577 km kg
Home to Landfill = 10.5 X 0.0015 = 0.0142 km kg
Plastic tray weight = 1.21 * 2.8 = 3.388 g
MEERA VAIDYACradle to Grave – Tea light candles
CRADLE TO GRAVE
METHODOLOGY
RAW MATERIALS MANUFACTURING DISTRIBUTION END OF LIFE
Grouped under
individual material
Image references:
http://www.seeitmarket.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Crude_Oil.jpg
http://www.lscmetalfab.com/images/sheet_plat_img2_large.jpg
http://www.bigdata-madesimple.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/distribution_2.jpg
http://www.corvallisadvocate.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Landfill-For-Interior.jpg
MEERA VAIDYACradle to Grave – Tea light candles
SOY WAX – Weight = 13.031 g
• Raw materials – Soybeans farming
• Manufacturing – Soy oil extraction
PLASTIC TRAY – Weight = 3.388 g
• Raw materials – Oil to material processing for plastic
• Manufacturing - Injection molding
ALUMINUM DISK – Weight = 0.402 g
• Raw materials –Aluminum extraction
• Manufacturing – Sheet rolling
THREAD – Weight = 0.056 g
• Cotton and Yarn production
DISTRIBUTION – bought via Amazon.com
• Road transportation – Manufacturing to shipping to home
• Air transportation – Shipping by USPS priority mail
END OF LIFE – to landfill
• Transportation from home to landfill
• Landfill
SOY WAX CANDLE
PARAFFIN WAX – Weight = 7.819 g
• Raw materials – Oil extraction
• Manufacturing – Paraffin extraction
ALUMINUM TRAY & DISK – Weight = 1.135 g
• Raw materials – Oil to material processing for plastic
• Manufacturing - Injection molding
THREAD – Weight = 0.046 g
• Cotton and Yarn production
DISTRIBUTION – bought at Dollar Store
• Road transportation – Manufacturing to shipping to home
• Air transportation – Shipping by USPS priority mail
END OF LIFE – to landfill
• Transportation from home to landfill
• Landfill
PARAFFIN WAX CANDLE
CRADLE TO GRAVE
MEERA VAIDYACradle to Grave – Tea light candles
CONCLUSION
COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS OF IMPACTS (FU)
WAX CANDLE TRAY DISTRIBUTION
PARAFFIN WAX TEALIGHT in
PLASTIC TRAY