Changes in Stakeholder Attitudes about Elk in Arkansas

Elk-human conflicts

Acceptance level of elk by county and census block

km

County

Census blockQuartiles indicate level of stakeholder concern: 1st quartile (gray) = least amount of concern, 4th quartile (red) = most amount of concern.

Elk management options

Seasonal forage availability and diet of elk in Arkansas

Spring Summer Fall Winter

Percentage

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Grasses (Introduced)

Grasses (Native)

Grasses (Unknown)

Shrubs

Forbs (Trifolium spp. and K. striata)Forbs (Other)

Conifer

Ferns

SedgesNuts, seeds, flowers, thorns, lichen

Environmental Factors Structuring Herpetofaunal Communities at the Ouachita Mountains Biological Field Station

-1.0 1.0CCA Axis 1

-1.0

0.8

CCA Axis 2

Can_cov

%C_D

%C_CD_2.25

lf_lit%

AMacul

HScuta

DBriml

EMultp

PSerrt

AnaxyrusAcrsCrep

GastCarlLithCats

LithUtrc

LithPals

LClamt

TCarol

ChelSerp

ScelUndl

EumecSp

PObsol

CConst

LGetulLTrianNFasci

ThamnSp

AContr

APiscv

CHorrd

Modeling the Distribution of Mountain Goats in Glacier National Park, Montana

Environmental data1

2

4

Mountain goat locations

Predictive occurrence map

Response functions of model parameters

Model fitting and validation

Apply model coefficients to ENVR data

35

6

LowMedium - lowMedium - highHigh

Deer Movements During a Flood

http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/05/mississippi-floodwaters-roll-south/100069

sartainsheritage.com

media.commercialappeal.com

Arkansas CityMainland Tract

Island TractLevees

March

Riv

er g

auge

rea

ding

(fe

et)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

Dry

land

are

a (a

cres

)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

Water levelLand areaFlood stage (37 ft)

April May June JulyFeb

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Flood phase

Dates Flood phase

duration (days)

No. of bucks

wearing collars

No. deer locations

Mean no. locations per deer

1 8 Feb – 13 April 65 18 7670 590

2 14 April– 27 April 14 18 2107 162

3 28 April – 6 May 9 17 1341 103

4 7 May – 28 May 22 17 2899 264

5 29 May – 10 June 13 15 1348 150

6 11 Jun – 22 June 12 13 1216 152

7 23 June – 26 Aug 65 13 13904 1738

March April May June JulyFeb

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

7,645 ac

11 April 2011

Flood Phase 1(8 February – 13 April)

March April May June JulyFeb

28 April 2011

Flood Phase 2(14-27 April)

5,929 ac

March April May June JulyFeb

6 May 2011

Flood Phase 3(28 April – 6 May)

11 ac

March April May June JulyFeb

16 May 2011

Flood Phase 4(7-28 May)

8 ac

March April May June JulyFeb

28 May 2011

Flood Phase 5(19 May – 10 June)

11 ac

March April May June JulyFeb

9 June 2011

Flood Phase 6(11-22 June)

5,929 ac

March April May June JulyFeb

23 June 2011

Flood Phase 7(23 June – 26 August)

7,645 ac

March April May June JulyFeb

Black bear dispersal in expanding populations

Ouachita (2006-2008)

Ozark (2009-2011)

ONF Bear Hair SampleONF Bear DNA Project

We used nuclear microsatellite loci to investigate the sources of bears in southern MO. The majority of bears in the Ozarks represent a single genetic unit.

Missouri

Arkansas

is an act of permanent movement of an individual away from the home area to another population.

Dispersal . . .

has demographic, conservation, management, and evolutionary implications.

Female philopatry and male dispersal in PA (Alt 1978) and MN (Rogers 1987).

Alt-Rogers paradigm

Ron Van Den Bussche

John CoxJerry Belant

Colin Carpenter

JaimeSajeckiJoe Clark

Frank Van Manen

Expanding pops ( ):OK, MO, BSF, PMSource pops ( ):OZ, OU, TN, VA, WV

Region Sources of microsatellitesOK Live captureOZ Hair snareOU Hair snareMO Hair snareTN Hair snareBSF Hair snarePM Live capture, road kill, nuisance, poachVA Hair snare, live capture, road kill,

harvestWV Live capture

AR

KY

Population N Female MaleInterior Highlands OU 77 43 34 OZ 96 48 48 OK 20 11 9 MO 113 66 47 Southern Appalachians BSF 19 7 12 PM 84 26 58 TN 22 11 11 VA 8 2 6

Interior HighlandsAR, MO OKG1A G1A

G1D G1D

G10B G10B

G10C G10C

G10J G10J

G10L G10L

G10M G10M

G10O

G10P G10P

G10U

PSH03

UARMU05

UARMU10

UARMU23

UARMU59

Southern AppalachiansTN, KY, WV

G1A G10H

G1D G10X

G10B CPH9

G10C CXX20

G10J CXX110

G10L MU23

G10M MU50

MU51

G10P MU59

G10U 144A06

145P07

Prediction 1: Mean relatedness of females decreases at increasing distances from center of expanding populations.

1 3 6•

9 15km

Prediction 2: Mean relatedness of males does not change at increasing distances from center of expanding populations.

1 3 6•

9 15km

Program ML-RELATE

Relatedness value (0-1)

Most likely relationshipParent-offspringFull-siblingHalf-siblingUnrelated

EXPANDINGSOURCEFemale-Female Dyads

SOURCE EXPANDINGMale-Male Dyads

ConclusionsResults supported Predictions 1 (female philopatry) and 2 (male dispersal).

Alt-Rogers paradigm