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Air Quality in 2015: What You Need to Know
February 10, 2015
James A. Westbrook [email protected]
877-486-9257
“Climate change is an urgent and growing threat to Na5onal security.” President Obama
“Climate change is a hoax.” Senator Inhofe, Chair, Senate Environment & Public Works CommiFee
In 2015 Environment is a Ba3lefield ….
Topics • EPA Federal Air RegulaBons and Policies • State and Local Air RegulaBons & Policies – Gulf Coast (Texas) RegulaBons – California RegulaBons – California Air District RegulaBons
• Summary
EPA Regula+on Descrip+on Impacts?
New, Proposed and Pending Regula+ons and Policies
40 CFR 50,51,52,53,&58 Lower 8-‐Hr Ozone Standard – Proposed Rule
FaciliBes in Metro Areas
Clean Air Act §111(d)
Clean Power Plan – Proposed Rule
Power GeneraBon
Policy; 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart OOOO
Methane and VOC Emissions ReducBon Strategies
Oil & Gas FaciliBes
Exis+ng Regula+ons & Policies
Policies; 40 CFR 52.21 & 40 CFR Part 70
New Source Review and Title V Permits
Major FaciliBes; PSD & OperaBng Permits
40 CFR Part 63 NaBonal Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
Power Plants, Boilers, Diesel Engines
40 CFR Part 98 Greenhouse Gas ReporBng RegulaBons
FaciliBes > 25,000 MT/yr
Lower 8-‐Hour Ozone Standard • Primary 8-‐hour standard lower from 75 ppb to 65-‐70 ppb
• Proposed 12/17/14, 79 FR 75232; comment period ends 3/17/15; final rule Oct 2015
• A3ainment recommendaBons by Oct 2016, designaBons by Oct 2017
• What it means? – 558 counBes will exceed 65 ppb – Increased need for regional ozone modeling updates – New regulaBons to reduce precursors VOC and NOx – Grandfathering exisBng major source PSD permits – Wide impact on all industries in metro areas by 2018
EPA Clean Power Plan – ExisBng Power Plants • “Common sense plan” to reduce carbon emissions by 30% by
2030: – Set state or mulBstate goals to reduce CO2 on lb/MWh basis, or mass
emissions (cap) basis – Increase plant efficiencies, use of natural gas, renewables, grid energy
efficiency – Coal facility CO2 sequestraBon, replacement, etc.
• Targets ExisBng Power Plants, but statewide efficiency focus • Proposed 6/18/14, 79 FR 34829; final rule by Summer 2015 • Compliance plans from states by Summer 2016, compliance by
2020 • What it means?
– ExisBng coal plants not a great fit – Expansion of energy efficiency and renewables programs naBonally – Way to introduce opBon for cap-‐and-‐trade on state or regional level – Will Congress go amer these rules by the Review Act?
Methane and Ozone-‐Forming Pollutant RegulaBons – Oil & Gas Industry
• Omen called the “fracking” regulaBons • Complement to O&G New Source Performance Standards • Reduce methane and ozone-‐forming emissions (VOC) from
O&G by 40-‐45% from 2012 levels over next 10 years • Strategy outline 1/14/15, Control Technology Guidelines to be
proposed by Summer 2015 h3p://www.epa.gov/airquality/oilandgas/pdfs/20150114fs.pdf • Improved leak reducBon equipment, and be3er monitoring • New and modified producBon sites; exisBng sites rules are
voluntary • What it means?
- Guidance for best available control measures - Greater investments in equipment and monitoring - Increased compliance efforts
New Source Review and Title V Permit Major FaciliBes
• StaBonary Source DefiniBon
- Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals vacated Summit DirecBve (5/30/14); faciliBes must be adjacent to be a single staBonary source
- Court addressed EPA opBons including Clean Air Act revision • New Source Review
- PM2.5 RegulaBon – Guidance for PM2.5 Permit Modeling (5/20/14) - Technical Guidance Documents
– SO2, NO2 and PM2.5 impact modeling – Tiered 1-‐hour NO2 modeling Methods – Ambient RaBo Method (ARM) Use
of PVMRM and OLM, In-‐Stack RaBos, background data handling
• Title V and PSD permits, GHG and major sources - Supreme Court Decision, EPA Next Step Memo (7/24/14), No AcBon Assurance Memo (12/19/14), next “Next Steps” memo (12/19/14)
NESHAPs • 40 CFR Part 63
• Power Plants Mercury and Air Toxics Standards (MATS) - Proposed technical correcBons, clarificaBon (12/19/14) - Startup and Shutdown Provisions (11/19/14)
• Boilers, Subpart DDDDD and JJJJJ - ReconsideraBon of Final Rule (12/1/14 Major Sources and 1/21/15 Area Sources); compliance dates not extended
• Emergency Diesel Engines, Subpart ZZZZ - Compliance required now, Ultra-‐Low Sulfur fuel 1/1/15 - Emergency engines; reporBng for 2015 year, due by 3/31/16
- h3p://www.epa.gov/airtoxics/icengines/docs/20130919complianceinfo.pdf
Federal GHG ReporBng • 40 CFR Part 98 • Amended October 24, 2014 • ConfidenBality of Data • Changes to requirements in certain subparts, by industry
• ReporBng deadline March 31, 2015
Texas – TCEQ RegulaBons & Permitng New Rules:
• Texas 84th LegislaBve Session, follow for new rules h3p://www.capitol.state.tx.us
• State ImplementaBon Plans released for Dallas/Ft Worth and Houston h3p://www.tceq.state.tx.us/airquality/sip/Ho3op.html
Permitng:
• GHG permitng delegaBon back to TCEQ, 11/10/14 • “Flexible Permit” issues have run course • Expedited permits and e-‐permitng • Advanced Air Permitng Seminar Oct 2014
- PSD regulatory interpretaBon guidance - Modeling guidance for ozone, NO2 and PM2.5 - ExisBng Power Plant RegulaBons – 111(d) - Hot Topics for Oil & Gas h3ps://www.tceq.texas.gov/permitng/air/training/advancedairpermitngseminar.html
• TCEQ Guidance Documents
California RegulaBons • ARB Greenhouse Gas RegulaBons
– AB32 Mandatory ReporBng Program • Primary change in 2015 to add fuel suppliers • Food industry definiBons • Refinement to GHG calculaBons methods • 10,000 MT/yr reporBng threshold (abbreviated reporBng) • ReporBng deadline is 4/10/15, except 6/1/15 for abbreviated
– AB32 Cap-‐and-‐Trade >25,000 MT/yr • Consumer Product RegulaBons – Surveys by 3/2/15 • Air Toxics Health Risk Guidelines, Update
– Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment and ScienBfic Review Panel
– SRP has not yet adopted final Guidelines – CAPCOA issued dram concepts to Districts 1/15/15 – HARP somware to be released amer Feb 2015 – ImplementaBon pending Air District acBons
California Air Districts
• South Coast AQMD - New Rule 1111 for Gas-‐Fired Furnaces (9/5/14), 1153.1 (11/7/14) for Commercial Ovens
- Amended Rule 1325 for Federal PM2.5 New Source Review
- Proposed Rules 1420.1 and 1420.2 – Lead Emissions - Proposed Rule changes considered: Architectural CoaBngs, Oil & Gas ProducBon Wells
- Annual Emissions ReporBng – Rule 301, new online reporBng tool, extended to June 4, 2015
California Air Districts (con’t)
• San Joaquin Unified APCD - Rule 4905, Central Furnaces (1/22/15) - Proposed Changes to Rule 2020, Permit ExempBons (12/18/14)
- Update to Risk Management Policy (10/21/14)
• Bay Area AQMD - Refinery Emissions Tracking and MiBgaBon -‐ Dram Rules 12-‐15 and 12-‐16 workshop 1/28/15
- New Commuter Benefits Program, greater than 50 employees
Summary
• In 2015 Environment is a Ba3lefield • Carbon regulaBon and lower ozone standards hot new topics
• Court decisions and EPA guidance shaping major source permitng
• NOx, VOC and air toxics emissions important regionally
• Your favorite industry, region or regulaBon?
Contact InformaBon / QuesBons James Westbrook
BlueScape Environmental Mobile: 858-‐774-‐2009
[email protected] www.bluescapeinc.com
Stay Tuned for BlueScape Online Training! The webinar presenta5on will be posted on Slideshare and
YouTube (search for BlueScape)