CarbonMineraliza-on

•  Workshop:CarbonMineraliza3on

•  16-18December2016•  SanFrancisco•  Organizedby:-LawrenceLivermoreNa3onalLaboratory-ColumbiaUniversity-Lamont-DohertyEarthObservatory

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PolKnops

#Greenolivine

GreenMineralsB.V.i.o.

pol@green-minerals.nlTel:+316-51304842

Olivine Mineralization

Backgroundmyself•  PolKnops•  53years•  AppliedPhysics(MSc.Twente)

•  Worked@Environmentalprojects, renewableenergy

•  KnowOlafSchuiling:>25years•  Since7yearsinvolvedinMineraliza3on

– Mineraliza3ongeneral

– Ownprocess(GravityPressureVessel)

CO2: 322,25 ppm

CO2: 403 ppm

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Mineraliza-onreac-on

Olivine: Mg2SiO4 + 2CO2 + 2H2O => 2MgCO3 + Si(OH)4 Mg2SiO4 + 4CO2 + 4H2O => 2Mg2+ + 4HCO3

- + Si(OH)4

[∆H = -239.2 kJ/mol]

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Exothermicreac-onCoal

GaseousCO2

SolidCarbonate

ΔH=11,1MJ/kgCO280%

ΔH=2,7MJ/kgCO220%

“The ground energy state of carbon is a mineral carbonate”

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Weathering

Residual Ores

Ambient

Accelerated

Steelslags / Fly ash -  Carbon8 -  Carbstone

Olivine -  Green Minerals Serpentine: - Mineral Carbonation

Olivine - greenSand Mine tailings

-  Academic

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Carbon8

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greenSand

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Agriculturaltests

WageningenAntwerpDutchNIOZCardiff

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UsingOlivine

Assumptions: -  Fast reaction required <15 year >40 year -  Agitation @ Beach No Tidal / Wave -  Particle Size Distribution One size Milled

Par-cleSizeDistribu-on

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Excelmodel Input: -  k-factor -  temperature -  pH -  Particle Size Distribution -  time steps

Assumptions: -  Shrinking core

Output: -  CO2 sequestered -  Magnesium release (& Nickel) -  Alkalinity

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ResultsgreenSand

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Sand (0-3 mm)

Pebble (2-6 mm)

Based: - pH rainwater - Full contact

RoyalNetherlandsIns-tuteforSeaResearch

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k-factor from Dr. Francesc Montserrrat (former NIOZ) To be published

Processintensifica-on

•  Chemicalprocess•  HighPressure,Hightemperature:

•  Enhancedreac3onrate:185°C,40-100barPCO2,1hourresidence3meAddi3ves(i.e.NaHCO3)

•  Exothermicbehaviorknown&used

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ED

Reactor

B

A:IncomingmaterialB:DownComertubeC:CO2injec3onD:UpComertubeE:Surroundingcoolingtube

C

A

-TheOlivine(orSerpen3ne)isgrindedoutsidethereactorandfedintothereactor.-CO2isinjectedintotheDownComertube- Effluentmaterialfurthertobedegassed,dewateredandlandfilled/applied- Energyrecovery(dependingonexothermicreac3on)

E

E E

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1200 meter (4000 ft)

Process

•  Reac3onrate:≈10μm/hr•  Products:MagnesiteAmorphousSilicaHeat

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Concludingremarks

•  Condi-ons Rate Product•  Ambient 0,2-5μm/yr CO2

•  Accelerated 10μm/hr Minerals

Txs:Cives(Italy)

Sponsoring,Olivinesamples

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More then 50 years of experience in Olivine minerals production