ARIN6912Week 9, Digital Research and Publishing Presented by Gina Spithakis

Based on the readingsMoxley, J.M. (1992) How to attack manuscripts like an editor or reviewer in Publish, dont perish: the scholars guide to academic writing and publishing, Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 141-168 [212-216]Schlitz,M., Truyen, F.,& Coppens, H (2007). Cutting the trees of knowledge: social software, information architecture and their epistemic consequences. Thesis Elevin, 89(1), 94. [217-227]

Themes that will be exploredThe effects of technology on communication and knowledge productionThe production and classification of knowledge as a social process

Traditional approach to knowledge productionBe thick skinnedExpect to be criticisedExpect to revise your text multiple times!

If a journal isnt tough to get into then it may be discounted by a facultys department. - Moxley

Rigorous publishing processIs this subject worthwhile?Do I have the right tone for my audience?Is it organised effectively? ATTACK YOUR SENTENCES!

And on it goes

For discussionHow much of that do you think takes place when people publish on the Web today?

Publishing before social media Yes a time such as this existedPublishing was still a social processInformation under review by a community ie peer reviewedIt was also constrained by budget it costs money to publish!Being published was somewhat prestigious

But all this led to creative destruction - Schiltz, Truyen, Coppens

Open access to knowledgeOpen Access movement defined as:Removing price barriersRemoving permission barriersRemoving the barriers to serious research

- Schiltz, Truyen, Coppens

One to OneWe have gone from this Print newspapers, books, magazines, journalsTVRadio

To this BlogsMicroblogsvlogs WikisForumsOne to Many

So what is social media?At its most basic sense, social media is a shift in how people discover, read and share news, information and content. It's a fusion of sociology and technology, transforming monologue (one to many) into dialog (many to many) and is the democratization of information, transforming people from content readers into publishers. - Wikipedia

Social media at play in real life Twitter in real life

collegehumor.com/originals

Knowledge production todayToday anyone can be a publisherIts about having an ongoing dialogueAccess to a global communityInclusive rather than exclusive communication

For discussionThe posthumanists view is: we are getting hints that society and information may be much more technological events than was hitherto assumed. What do you think?

The growth of knowledgeNow we have tapped into a global database of brains has this actually led to the growth of knowledge?Schiltz et. al say: The volume of knowledge available and the ability to share it doesnt actually lead to a growth of knowledge

Defining knowledge Knowledge is information that changes something or somebody -- either by becoming grounds for actions, or by making an individual (or an institution) capable of different or more effective action." -- Peter F. Drucker in The New Realities

A belief + new info (which has been deemed to be true) = new knowledge

Next generation of internet use Tapping into the strengths of the social software platforms It doesnt replace traditional means of obtaining knowledge but complements it

Networked Knowledge

Whirlpool Forum

Yahoo!7 Answers

Yahoo!7 Answers

Classifying knowledgeLess structured approach which lends to it being more closely related to how our mind works.The human mind operates by association. With one item in its grasp, it snaps instantly to the next that is suggested by the association of thoughts - founding father of the internet, Vannevar Bush

FolksonomiesFolksonomy (also known as collaborative tagging, social classification, social indexing, and social tagging) is the practice and method of collaboratively creating and managing tags to annotate and categorise content. - Wikipedia

Tag clouds

Social process

To concludeSocial media has enabled us to tap into the untapped potential of a global communityWhile the volume of knowledge at our fingertips is vast, knowing whats true and untrue rests with the individual and the communitySocial media in the production of knowledge has its place as long as it complements and not replaces traditional ways of obtaining and sharing knowledge

More readingsAgichtein, Eugene, Carlos Castillo, Debora Donato, Aristides Gionis and Gilad Mishne. 2008. "Finding high-quality content in social media." In Proceedings of the international conference on Web search and web data mining. Palo Alto, California, USA: ACM.Brazelton, Jessica and G. Anthony Gorry. 2003. "Creating a knowledge-sharing community: if you build it, will they come?" Commun. ACM 46(2):23-25.Jurczyk, Pawel and Eugene Agichtein. 2007. "Discovering authorities in question answer communities by using link analysis." In Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM conference on Conference on information and knowledge management. Lisbon, Portugal: ACM.Subramani, Mani R. and Balaji Rajagopalan. 2003. "Knowledge-sharing and influence in online social networks via viral marketing." Commun. ACM 46(12):300-307.Cabrera, ngel, Collins, William C. and Salgado, Jess F.(2006)'Determinants of individual engagement in knowledge sharing',The International Journal of Human Resource Management,17:2,245 264 Berglez, Peter(2008)'WHAT IS GLOBAL JOURNALISM?',Journalism Studies,9:6,845 858The Nielsen Company, Global Online Landscape, 2009 http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/nielsen-news/online-global-landscape-0409/Drucker, F. Peter (2003) The new realities, published by Transaction Publishers, 262 pages

**The readings really looked at the difference between communicating today with the proliferation of social media versus communicating using traditional mediums. This has had an effect on not only the way we communicate but on the way we share and obtain knowledge

**Moxleys article how to Attack Manuscripts like an editor or reviewer delves into what the publishing process used to be all about.Generally, youd produce a piece of work for submission and have it scrutinised and critiqued by your peers before it may even be published.*This article was written in 1992 not that long ago but how things have changed. Moxley details the great big list of things a writer should go through before submitting the article and then revising it. **Publishing was still very much a social process but it was confined to a particular community. As outlined in the second article, by Schiltz, Truyen and Coppens, it wasnt free. It relied on the printing press so you needed to prove what you wanted to publish was appropriate for a particular audience and that the knowledge you wanted to share would be of benefit to them. **So as it became more expensive to publish in the traditional sense the internet was looking like a more viable option**Luhmanns all-inclusive theory of a modern society comes to life through how information and knowledge is shared via social media*The digital technology we have available at our fingertips blogs etc enable anyone of us to publish our random thoughts, ideas or issues at a click of a button in the format we want. Instantly we have potentially a global community as our readership.**How we receive, and publish information today is vastly different to how we did in the past. Today its very much about having an ongoing dialogue with a community thats global. Sharing ideas not with just one person exclusively but with many simultaneously.**Schiltz et.al dont agree mostly because theyre of the view that the mere volume of knowledge available and the ability to share it doesnt actually lead to the growth of knowledge. How can you discern whats true and not true?Information hasnt gone through the traditional publishing process does that make it less truthful?Can the community discern whats a valuable source of information vs what isnt?May be less knowledge than originally believed.*

Someone bases a belief ona piece of ingo and previous knowledge deems it to be true and then adds to their knowledge!For a belief to become knowledge you need a discovery process where you can work out whether the new piece of info is true or not. If it is you have acquired new knowledge

Internet still offers that but youre tapping into more knowledge wider reach!

I think social media enables you to tap into that wider knowledge base that could absolutely be filled with information that is untrue but would be easily recognisable by tapping into the right communities for the knowledge being sought.You can educate yourself while at the same time consulting others out there to get the best response*What Schiltz et. al say is that social media has actually introduced the next generation of internet use ie we dont do away with traditional publishing, you take advantage of the strengths of social mediaIts a new kind of knowledge perhaps a far more superiour one in that youre tapping into the global community rahter than just individual minds

Eg you extend your knowledge by tapping into the community via a forum or blogSo the way it should work according to the authors, is if you have a question, you search the web to find extra info you need, you can tap into the forums to get a further understanding of the issue and then you can chat about it to someone online.

**Outsourcing the knowing process simple google search and you tap into the knowledge base of the globe answering any question you may have. After all isnt that what knowledge is about?You dont have to remember everything - you can turn to your community for more info

Downloadable beliefs knowledge is not part of individual mind but part of a network*Now that we have all this knowledge out there, how do we classify it so we can find it easily?