Milestone Summary Report

1Prepared by: Samir SabryLearn the Chess

2Abstract

Chess is a game for two players, one with the "White" pieces and one with the "Black" pieces. At the beginning of the game, the pieces are set up as pictured at right. Opposing Kings and Queens go directly opposite each other. The square in the lower right hand corner is a light one ("light on right"). The White Queen goes on a light square, the Black Queen on a dark square ("Queen on color").

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IntroductionWhite always moves first, and then the players take turns moving. Only one piece may be moved at each turn (except for "castling," a special move that is explained later). The Knight is the only piece that can jump over other pieces. All other pieces move only along unblocked lines. You may not move a piece to a square already occupied by one of your own pieces. But you can capture an enemy piece that stands on a square where one of your pieces can move. Simply remove the enemy piece from the board and put your own piece in its place.

4The game of Chess historyFirst developed in India and PersiaThe precursors of chess originated in India during the Gupta Empire, where it early form in the 6th century The game was invented between four or five thousand years ago, by the wife of King Ravana of Ceylon, when the capital was besieged by Rama.in the eighth century, armies of Arabs known as Moors invaded Persia. The Moors learned chess from the Persians. When the Moors later invaded Spain, the soldiers brought the game of chess with them. Soon the Spanish were playing chess, too. From Spain, chess quickly spread throughout all of Europe.

5Basic concepts 8x8 boardEach player starts with 16 pieces, of 6 different types, and may only move 1 piece per turnA piece can only move into an empty square or into one containing an opponents piece (a capture)Win by capturing the opponents king

Setting Up the Chessboard

6Before starting the game, make sure you have a light-colored square in the bottom right hand corner for each player.

Each player places his rooks on the bottom-left and bottom-right squares on their first row in front of them on the board. The knights are also placed on the first row of squares, next to the rooks. The bishops take the next two squares towards the center of the back row. Finally, you should have two empty squares at the middle of your back rank; these two squares belong to the king and queen. These two pieces are placed using the rule "queen on color" -- the White queen goes on the light square, while the Black queen goes on its dark square. The king takes the other square.

Finally, your eight pawns will go on the squares on the second rank -- right in front of your larger pieces.

Chessboard7

8piecesPawn: may only move forward (or capture diagonally) Bishop: diagonalsKnight: L shaped moves. The only unblockable pieceRook: Ranks & filesQueen: Bishop & Rook combinedKing: 1 square in any direction. May not move into attacked square

9piecesPawnRookKnightBishopQueenKing

10The PawnThe pawn moves straight ahead (never backward), but it captures diagonally. It moves one square at a time, but on its first move it has the option of moving forward one or two squares. If a pawn advances all the way to the opposite end of the board, it is immediately "promoted" to another piece, usually a Queen. It may not remain a pawn or become a King. Therefore, it is possible for each player to have more than one Queen or more than two Rooks, Bishops, or Knights on the board at the same time.

The Bishop11The Bishop can move any number of squares diagonally if its path is not blocked. Note that this Bishop starts on a light square and can reach only other light squares. At the beginning of the game, you have one "dark-square" Bishop and one "light-square" Bishop. it can move forward or backward, but in only one direction at a time.

The Knight12

The Knight's move is special. It hops directly from its old square to its new square. The Knight can jump over other pieces between its old and new squares. Think of the Knight's move as an "L." It moves two squares horizontally or vertically and then makes a right-angle turn for one more square. The Knight always lands on a square opposite in color from its old square.

13The Rook

The Rook is the next most powerful piece. The Rook can move any number of squares vertically or horizontally if its path is not blocked. Left, right, forward backwardsBut not diagonally!

Also called Castle

The Queen14

The Queen is the most powerful piece. She can move any number of squares in any direction - horizontal, vertical, or diagonal - if her path is not blocked. In other words, a queen combines the powers of a bishop and a rook.

The King15The King is the most important piece. When he is trapped, his whole army loses. The King can move one square in any direction, horizontally, vertically, or diagonally - In other words, a king moves like an extremely short-range queen.

Check 16Check is a situation which occurs when a king is under attack by an enemy piece; that is, when an enemy piece is in a position where it could move and capture the king on its next move, unless prevented.

Checkmate17Checkmate is a situation which occurs when a king is currently in check and does not have a legal move which will get him out of check. The main goal of chess is to checkmate, if the King is attacked ("checked") and threatened with capture, it must get out of check immediately. If there is no way to get out of check, the position is a "checkmate," and the side that is checkmated loses.

Black is checkmated

Stalemate18If a King is not in check, but that player can make no legal move, the position is called a stalemate and the game is scored as a draw

Black is not in check, but has no legal move.

En Passant19En Passant, a move that allows a pawn which has moved two squares to be captured as though it only moved one.

En Passant can only be done if the following conditions are all present: The capturing pawn must be on its fifth rank. The opponent must move a pawn two squares, landing the pawn directly alongside the capturing pawn on the fifth rank. The capture must be made immediately; you only get one chance to capture en passant.

En Passant

Castling 20

Each player may "castle" only once during a game and when conditions are met. Castling is a special move that lets a player move two pieces at once - the King and one Rook. In castling, the player moves his King two squares to its left or right toward one of his Rooks. At the same time, the Rook involved goes to the square beside the King.

Castling can only be done if the following conditions are all present: Neither the king nor the rook being used have been moved yet during the game. If either piece has been moved then castling is not allowed, even if the piece is moved back to its original square. All of the squares between the king and the rook must be empty. The king must not be in check, nor can castling move the king through a square where he would be in check.

Castling21

Castling22

White cannot castle because his king is in check. Black cannot castle because he would end up in check.

White cannot castle because his king would move through check. Black can castle because his king would not move through or into check.

Pawn Promotion23Pawns may be the weakest pieces on the board, but they have the potential to become much stronger. Should a pawn manage to make it all the way to the other end of the board, that pawn must promote to any piece its owner wants, other than a king. Most of the time, a pawn will be promoted to a queen; however, you can also choose to promote to a rook, knight or bishop.

This diagram shows a pawn from each side preparing to promote.

Invitation24In the end, after we have learned the main rules of playing, I invited you to play chess online and the Best site that let you play online with anyone around the world.www.gamezer.com