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Chapter 9More story Maps
From Aristotle to Present Day&
Chapter 10Other kinds of Stories
Other story forms and story perspectives From: Digital Storytelling in the
Classroom by Jason Ohler
Angelina, Dee, Andrea, Natalie, Shama, Marcella
AGENDAAristotle’s Dramatic DiagramSimplified Joseph Cambell MapTreasure MapsKeiran Egan’s Story FormThe Story SpineStories Told by Indigenous StorytellersThe Story Edge of the Western TraditionArt Stories and Music Videos
Chapter 9More story Maps
Aristotle’s Dramatic Diagram
In The Poetics, Aristotle describes process of telling a good storyProtagonist encounters ‘mountainous’ journeyAt “Peripeteia” (climax), transformation comes through reversal of fortuneBeginning=Tying the KnotEnding= Untying the KnotSimple & Powerful
Simplified Joseph Campbell Map
Heroes end up where they began, though changed by their experienceAt ending, Hero lives in two worlds…Old one they left behindNew one they have emerged into
Treasure Maps
•Allows flexible customization to a story map
•The number of “hills” and “valleys” are not provided. These are all created by the storyteller
•The protagonist is thrown into a situation from the “ordinary life”
Treasure Map Story Map
•At the end of each “valley”, the “hill” moves higher on the page (building tension)
• X marks the spot! At end of the story, the line is higher than the beginning (a transformation of the protagonist has occurred)
Adapted Story Map
• “Reversals” are added to “hills”
• Denotes set backs that are eventually overcome
McKee’s Quest Diagram
• Material, emotional and spiritual goals are sought on a conscious and unconscious level.
• Playing ping-pong with the audience’s emotions is represent by the teeth like lines.
•The goal is close to achievement but then something happens that undermines this.
Kieran Egan’s Story Form in Education
Egan is well known in education circles for his commitment to leveraging children’s most underutilized resource…their IMAGINATIONS!!
He recommended that lesson plans be developed based on the story form rather than the typical task-subtask lesson plan structure that is still in such prevalent use.
The Story Form Model
1. Identifying Importance
2. Finding binary opposites
3. Organizing content into story form
4. Conclusion
5. Evaluation
Is memorable, while lists of tasks and subtasks are not. We make lists because we forget things; we tell stories to help us remember them.Is emotionally engaging. Stories involve a sense of what’s next and how things end that keep us listening and engaged; logical lists do not.
STORY FORM
Binary Opposites= Core of story form
They provide the force behind the story that defines what happens, how people change and what we learn as participants and listeners.
Children are accustomed to binary opposites from the stories they hear. Example.Cinderella.
Good Vs. Bad
Kenn Adams’ Story Spine
Step-by-step approach to providing story structure
Story is provided a “spine” through use of “sentence starters”
Beginning“Once upon at time…”
Ending“And the moral of the story is…”
The Platform “Once upon a time…”
The Catalyst “But one day…”
The Consequence
“Because of that…”
The Climax “Until finally…”
The Resolution
“And the Moral of the story is…”
Chapter 10:
Other Kinds of Stories
Stories
Cultural
dimensional
Indigenous
Human
construct
digital
perspectives
western
depthnarrative
Music videos
Genres
poetryVisual imagery
Stories Told by Indigenous Storytellers
– Thomas King, a well known Indigenous writer, illuminates the vast world of Native culture and story largely unknown to most
– King enables his audience to rediscover truths about Native Americans, as they are often represented as stereotypes or romanticized
“native storytelling”= a genre that is impossible to consider as a monolithic entityStories vary in terms of how, when and why they are told, therefore, it is impossible to distinguish authentic from inauthentic stories Recognize differences in storytelling approaches
The Story Edge of the Western Tradition
Stories containing Campbellian antiheroes, antiplots – not “classical” quest stories
Focus on emotional experience:
“Waiting for Godot is not so much about waiting as it is waiting”
Ending of Waiting for Godot
Art Stories and Music Videos
• Music videos are one of the most prevalent forms of short media
• Lasts about as long as a digital story• Most music videos tell a story through a pictorial
collage that moves in concert with the song lyrics, setting up tension, resolution, and an expectation of the events
• But in other cases where song lyrics don’t tell a story, story is told by painting music video by sound and images
Art Stories and Music Videos
Green Day's "Boulevard of Broken Dreams“
In this video band members are walking along a surreal boulevard among the debris which represents the wreckage of broken dreams
Use of emotional impact of music to overwhelm digital stories
Music video artists repackage songs with powerful visual imagery to intensify the connection
ConclusionThe structure of a story is culturally dependent, and as such, not universal
Given the chance to create a digital story using non-Western story forms can help one develop a more multicultural appreciation of ‘story’
Experimenting with various kinds of narrative can help one appreciate the range of options open to him/her as a new media narrator
The End
Thank you for watching our presentation.