DENTAL ANOMALIES

UNDER THE GUIDANCE

OF:DR.M.K.JINDAL

PRESENTED BY:

BUSHRA FARHANBDS 2010 BATCH

DENTAL ANOMALIES

NUMBER SIZE

SHAPE STRUCTURE

ALTERATIONS IN NUMBER OF TEETH

Alteration in tooth number occur usually

during initiation or dental lamina stage of

dental development

The alteration may produce extra or

missing teeth

ANODONTIA

HYPODONTIA

OLIGODONTIA

SUPERNUMERARY TEETH

ANODONTIA

•Congenital absence of teeth

because of failure of development

of tooth germs.

•Total anodontia is rare.

•Partial anodontia (hypodontia) is

more common.

SUPERNUMERARY TEETH Supernumerary teeth are additional

number of teeth, over and above the

usual number for the dentition

Mostly seen in

a. Gardner's syndrome,

b. Cleidocranial dysostosis syndrome

c. Cleft palate (or cleft lip)

CLASSIFICATION

CONICAL

SUPPLEMENTAL

TUBERCULATE

ODONTOME

CONICAL

• Most commonly found in permanent dentition.

• Usually present as mesiodens between the

incisors.

TUBERCULATE

• Commonly located on palatal side of

central incisors.

• Possess more than 1 tubercle or cusp.

• Associated with delayed eruption of incisors.

SUPPLEMENTAL

• Duplication of teeth in normal series & found at the end of a tooth series.

• Most commonly found in permanent maxillary lateral incisors.

ALTERATIONS IN SIZE OF TEETH

Alteration in tooth size originate during

the Bell stage or proliferation stage of

tooth development.

MICRODONTIA

• Teeth that are smaller than normal.

• Most commonly affects maxillary lateral

incisors or maxillary third molars.

• Occur in a condition known as pituitary

dwarfism.

• Can cause spacing in primary and

permanent dentition.

MACRODONTIA

• Teeth that are larger than normal

• Hemifacial hypertrophy

• Can cause crowding in primary n

permanent dentition

ALTERATIONS IN SHAPE OF TEETH

•Abnormalities in shape can originate

during the morphodifferentiation stage

of tooth development and are

manifested as alterations in crown and

root form.

FUSION

GEMINATION

CONCRESCENCE

DENS INVAGINATUS(DENS IN DENTE)

DENS EVAGINATUS

TALON CUSP

TAURODONTISM

DILACERATION

HYPERCEMENTOSIS

FUSIONUnion of 2 normally separated tooth germs.

Must involve the dentin.

Cause :some physical force or pressure

produces contact of tooth germs.

Early contact: 2 teeth may be completely

united.

Late contact: union of roots only.

GEMINATIONIncomplete attempt of a tooth germ to

divide into two.

Tooth has two crowns or a large crown

partially separated.

Single (common) root and root canal.

Etiology of this condition is unknown

CONCRESCENCEFusion occurring after root formation has

been completed.

Teeth united by their cementum.

Mostly association with the maxillary

second and third molars.

Difficulty in tooth extraction.

DENS INVAGINATUSInvagination in the surface of tooth crown

before calcification has occurred.

Also called tooth within a tooth.

Can cause development and spread of

dental caries.

Maxillary lateral incisor is the most

frequently affected tooth.

DENS EVAGINATUSTubercle or cusp located in the center of

the occlusal surface.

Affect predominantly premolar and molar

teeth.

Tubercle wears off relatively quickly

causing early exposure of the accessory

pulp horn that extends into the tubercle.

TALON CUSPAccessory cusp located on the lingual

surface of maxillary or mandibular teeth

Pattern resembling an eagle's talon.

Maxillary central or lateral incisor are often

involved

TAURODONTISM Crowns of normal size and shape but have large

rectangular bodies. Pulp chamber is dramatically increased in its

apico-occlusal heights. Apically displaced furcations. Short roots and pulp canals.

Involves molar tooth. Seen in association with amelogenesis imperfecta.Not recognizable clinically but on a radiograph.

DILACERATIONAbnormal bend in the root of a tooth.

Result of trauma to a developing tooth.

Difficulties during extraction or root canal

therapy.

HYPERCEMENTOSISExcessive build-up of cementum around

tooth

Evident on a radiograph

Affects vital teeth

Exact cause not known

Mostly seen in periapical inflammation,

tooth repair and teeth that are not in

occlusion

ALTERATIONS IN STRUCUTRE OF TEETH

AMELOGENESIS IMPERFECTA

DENTINOGENESIS IMPERFECTA

DENTIN DYSPLASIA

ODONTODYSPLASIA

AMELOGENESIS IMPERFECTA• Disturbance in enamel development

•Normal dentin & root

•Etiology: alteration of genes involved in the

process of formation & maturation of the

enamel.

•Three general types

• Defects in matrix formationHYPOPLASTIC

• Defects of matrix structure and of mineral deposition.

HYPOCALCIFIED

• Alterations in enamel rod and rod sheath structures.HYPOMATURE

DENTINOGENESIS IMPERFECTAA hereditary abnormality in the formation of

dentin.

Teeth varies from gray to brownish violet to

yellowish brown color.

Crown fractures easily because of abnormal DEJ.

Pulp chambers and root canals may be partially

or completely obliterated.

Radiographically, the teeth exhibit thin, short

roots.

DENTIN DYSPLASIARare disturbance of dentin formation.

Normal enamel but atypical dentin with

abnormal pulp morphology.

It is subdivided into two types:

TYPE 1 RADICULAR

TYPE 2CORONAL

TYPE 1 (RADICULAR)

Normal color & shape in both dentition.

Exfoliate with little or no trauma.

Short or abnormal roots.

Pulp chambers & canals are usually

obliterated.

20 % of teeth with type I disease have

apical radiolucencies.

TYPE 2 (CORONAL)

Primary dentition appears as in D.I., but

permanent dentition is normal.

Obliteration of the pulp chamber in

deciduous dentition.

Abnormally large pulp chamber in

permanent dentition.

Roots are normal in shape & proportion

ODONTODYSPLASIA

• Hypoplastic & hypocalcified dentin & enamel •central incisors > lateral incisors >canines

(maxillary)•Delayed eruption.

•Ghostlike appearance in image.•Marked reduction in amount of dentin.

•Thin enamel , less dense as usual.