Definitions and annotations: Styles:

- Modernism: Modernism comes under “the abstract movements”, which is mainly to do with art. It uses a form of colour and line, to create a composition which has nothing to do with reality. It started in the 19 th century, and by the end of the 19th century, many western artists changed the logical perspectives of this. As you can tell from this source of information, it became very popular and well known.

- International style: The international style, is also known as the “international typography style”. It is a graphic design style, which emerged in Russia, Germany and also the Netherlands, in the 1920’s. it was then developed by designers in Switzerland, during the 1950’s. This style was also very popular, as it went from country to country.

- Post-modernism: This is an era and a broad movement, which developed towards the end of 20 th century. It spread across the philosophy, art and architecture sector, which marked a departure from modernism.

- Grunge: Grunge designs, are made from dirty stains, torn images, “broken” icons, and creased pieces of paper. The reason for this, is so the text looks textured and also interesting. It usually reflects your daily life, with the objects in the text.

- Op-art: Op-art, is actually short for “optical art”. What is optical art? It’s a style of visual art, which uses optical illusions. Op art works are abstract, so they’re mostly made in black and white colours, to make the picture look a lot more illuminated. When a viewer first looks at it, it gives them an impression of movement, flashing and vibrating patterns. This relates to graphic design, as you can recreate similar pattern on the computer, instead of doing it by hand.

- Pop art: Pop art is an art movement which emerged in the mid 1950 in Britain, and it entered the US, in the late 1950’s. Many artists picked up this style of art. Pop artists such as “Roy Lichtenstein”, liked to use commercial methods of production, so that their artwork could be reproduced. It was a large part of the movement, and it relates to graphic design.

- Art nouveau: Art nouveau is an international style of art, architecture and applied art, especially the decorative arts, which was the most popular in the 1890 and 1910. It is related to graphic design, as it was popular in the book production and poster printing, even though it was used by artists for a variety of other types of work, which includes advertisements, magazines, labels and also typography.

- Punk: Punk is more of a “do it yourself”, piece of work. For example: you can make collages by ripping up bits of paper and layering them on. It’s also a form of music.

- Urban: graphic design, in urban environments is a category of designed graphic objects that significantly contribute to the theme. You can make connections through the theme and place. In terms of actual graphic design, that includes many streets and building.

- Anime: In terms of anime, you can make your own cartoon characters, and style them how you want. For example: you can give them whatever hairstyle and colour you want etc.

- Kitsch: Kitsch means “in bad taste”, in German. This style of art is used to describe art that is pretentious, vulgar and displays a complete lack of sophistication. Eventually, in the 1950’s, the designs looked a lot more updated, as they looked more dramatic and space-age formed. Kitsch is rarely taught in design schools; however contemporary designers have a deep affection for this style of graphic.

- Photo-realist: Photo realism, is a genre of art, which encompasses painting, drawing and other types of graphic media. Artists that study photography, attempt to reproduce the image as realistically as possible. This relates to graphics, for example: when you make a video game, you need to make the characters as realistic as possible, in order to interest the youth.

- Futuristic: Futurism isn’t only as art movement, it’s also a social movement which developed in Italy, in the early 20th century. Graphic design, and interior graphics was also involved. Bold colours are often used.

- Cartoon: This is a form of art, which can be drawn by hand, or designed on the computer. The imagine itself isn’t realistic, however it symbolises something.

Genre:

- Factual: This genre is used in graphic designs, by what content is on the poster. For example, it can be based on: colours, font styles, textures and sizes.

- Editorial: It’s a field which combines the abilities to create typography, smart layouts and compositions. There are many people all over the world, that wake up early and stay up late, in rode to create compositions. Millions of people get hold on them in forms of newspaper, magazines and also books.

- Lifestyle: This is done by using a few images, and putting them together to reflect our daily lifestyle. You can either hand draw, or do it by computer.

- Music: Music is very important, when it comes to graphic design. The artists front cover, image or video is all based on graphic design. For example: colours, fonts and backgrounds can be done on the computer.

- Action: Graphic design in used in action films, as special programmes such as “CGI”, are used, to give more of a special effect.

- Adventure: Adventure is used in graphic design, to create a number of things, for example: logo’s, leaflets, brochures or pop up banners. You can use it on photoshop, in order to achieve a better image.

- Sports: sports is used in graphic design, for example: if they want to advertise something, or make a game or a poster, then they would need technology in order to achieve the look they want.

- Corporate: corporate is a graphic design, where you make logo’s, or leaflets.

- Fashion: fashion is used in graphic design, in order for the designers to design their clothes or use different effects etc. A variety of colours are used too.

- Fantasy: Fantasy is used to create an unimaginable place/form/person, which can’t really be drawn by hand. It’s used with special technology, and it creates cool images.

- Stimulation: stimulation is where the audience creates their own game, to relate to themselves, for example: Minecraft.

- Tabloid: tabloid, relates to printing which is involved in graphics.

- Science fiction: science fiction is a bit like manga, anime, comics or graphic novels. It is used in graphics by overlapping images and creating something out of it.

- Graphic novels: You hand draw illustrations, and it can also be done on the computer.