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TOPIC NAME

YARN TESTING

MACHINE’S

MAJHARUL ISLAM BTE-00505254

SPEAKERMAJHARUL ISLAM

INTRODUCTIONYarn: Yarn is a long continuous twisted strand of natural or synthetic fibers, suitable for use in the production of textiles,sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery and rope making .

Yarn Testing:Yarn occupies the intermediate position in the manufacture of fabric from raw material. Yarn results are therefore essential, both for estimating the quality of raw material and for controlling the quality of fabric produced.

The important characteristics of yarn being tested are- Yarn Twist, Yarn Linear density, Yarn Strength Yarn Abrasion Yarn Tension Yarn Elongation, Yarn Evenness, Yarn Hairiness

CONTINUE

1. Determine the yarn count of a sample, it is needed to measure the length and weight of the sample.2. Determine the yarn evenness.3. Determine the number of twist per unit length or TPI manually.4. Measurement of abrasion resistance is the number of cycles required to break the test specimen.

IMPORTANT OF YARN TESTING

Automatic Yarn Twist Tester

Automatic Twist Tester is used for accurate measurement of TPM (Twist per meter) or TPI (Twist per inch) of the twisted yarn.It has been designed specially to meet the growing demand of the textile industry for an accurate instrument to measure the twist in the twisted yarn. The instrument has facility of both untwist/twist methods for measurement of TPM of twisted yarn

Features of Automatic Twist Tester:-

Micro-controller based electronic twist tester.

Motor driven fully automatic instrument.Auto stop facility for motor. In-built sensor.Alphanumeric backlit LED display unit.

TWIST TESTER

Specifications of Automatic Twist Tester:

Yarn test length: 250mm to 500 mm Range: 300 to 4000 TPM.

Resolution: 1TPM.Elongation Range:40 mm. Motor Speed: Up to 500 RPMSize: 1000mmx150mmx200mm (approx).Tension weight:up to 20 gms

Breaking strength, elongation, elastic modulus, resistance abrasion etc are some important factors which will represent the performance of the yarn during actual use and the further processing . Most of the instruments record the load-elongation diagram also.

UTR4

TENSORAPID

1. A measurement must be performed according the CRE principle2. Testing speed must be exactly 5 m/min.3. The gauge length or the clamp to clamp distance should be 50 mm.4. The pretension should be 0.5 cm / tex.

SPECIFICATIONS FOR TENSORAPID TEST:

The instrument or machine by which unevenness (U %) , co-efficient of variation of mass (CV%),yarn hairiness, imperfection index (IPI) and thick, thin place, naps etc of yarn , roving sliver can be measured or calculated is called Uster Evenness Tester or Uster Tester – 5.The evenness of yarn is an important index of quality control of textiles, so the researches about the yarn evenness test method have been the hotspot in the textile measurement for recent years.

Uster Evenness Tester or Uster Tester-5

USTER TESTER

Features of Uster Tester Machine:

1. Intermingling measurement :The Optical Sensor OM counts interminglings per meter at a testing speed of 800m/min.This feature helps to prevent variations in fabric appearance.

2. Knowledge Based System (KBS):Built-in expert knowledge quickly traces the causes of quality problems on the spinning machine. The KBS requires no inputs or extra settings from the machine supplier.

3. Touchscreen operation:An intuitive graphical user interface simplifies operation, even for untrained personnel. It means users can focus on test results, guaranteeing higher efficiency and optimum user satisfaction.

Principle of Uster Evenness Tester:Raw material as well as spinning problem can be detected by the measurement of yarn unevenness which is done by Uster evenness tester or uster tester-5.The quality parameter is determined by a capacitive sensor. In this case the yarn, roving or sliver is passed through the electric field of a measuring capacitor. Mass variation of the material causes the disturbance of the electric field which are converted into electric signal. Which is proportional to the mas variation of the material.

1. Evenness measurement of yarn, roving and sliver.2. Measurement of imperfection (thick,thin place).3. Mass analysis.4. Spectogram analysis/frequency analysis.5. Yarn hairiness measurement.6. Fabric simulation i.e. before making fabric. The yarn gathering knowledge about the quality of the fabric.7. Variation of trend analysis.

Uses of Uster Evenness Tester:

It is very essential to judge the tension in the moving yarn. This instrument determines load during processing of yarn while spinning and winding, followed again during warping, it is also used during weft winding. Yarn being very sensitive to tension should be checked by means of tension meter. The instrument is very sensitive, give reproducible and stable readings, if the measuring conditions are repeated; therefore it is advisable to select proper range of tension meter.

DIGITAL YARN TENSION METER

YARN TENSION METER

Features of Digital Yarn Tension Meter: •This instrument is manufactured in an easy to handle design, size and weight.•Gives accurate results.

Specifications of Digital Yarn Tension Meter:• Size of the Instrument : 182 mm x 36 mm x 26 mm • Load Capacity : 300 gm., 0.1gm Accuracy. • Weight  : 112 gm.• Battery : LR 44,Button cell 

CONTINUE…

YARN FRICTION TESTER

Friction plays a very important role in the textile industries,and we can see friction everywhere. Friction between yarn and yarn guiding elements,fiber to fiber friction,friction spinning,winding,warping weaving and knitting.Yarn friction is important with respect to the running behavior of a yarn in post spinning process.

USTER®ZWEIGLE FRICTION TESTER 5

Feature Of This Machine

The Critical feature of the USTER®ZWEIGLE FRICTION TESTER 5 is the configuration of the measuring beam with the two rollers and the measuring sensor.This enables variations in tension in the yarn package to be immediately compensated.During measurement,an area of ZERO force is developed between two rollers.It also have yarn tensioner device.

F1

F2=µ×F1 YARN

The Principle of this machine based on the force required to move a yarn horizontally through a disk tensioner.The yarn passes through the two plates.

PRINCIPLE Of USTER®ZWEIGLE FRICTION TESTER 5

MASS

Continue…..A constant force is applied to the upper disk which in turn produces a defined force on the yarn.The

coefficient of friction can be calcutated from the two forces F1 & F2.It is the friction between yarn and metal.The yarn is first passes in one direction,and then in another direction,both at a constant speed of 200meters per minute.The two rollers are very

sensible and can detect every small lateral movement in both directions individually.Since the force F1 applied on the yarn is known and the force

F2 is measured & the yarn friction can be calculated.

The force of friction is calculated as follows:

Continue…F2=µ×F1Where,F1=Normal Force applied by the loadF2=Force of Frictionµ=Friction of the yarnSo,Yarn Friction,µ=F2/F1

The above discussion gives an idea about main latest yarn testing techniques and this concludes that one can achieve higher accuracy with least time in this system. Yarn testing is an important part in the final product, so it is clear one can achieve great quality with accurate testing techniques, which were discussed in this paper.Apart from this, various methods are also included which will give proper results in yarn testing.

CONCLUSION

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