Er. Roshan kumar chaudhary

Client brief

Sketch designs

Final approved

design

Obtain a contract

Award contract

Commence constructio

n

Construction Phase

Handover

Defect Period

Final completion

Maintenance

Refurbishment

Demolition

Stages of construction

Stages of construction

Pre completion

Pre contract

Post contract

Post completion

Maintenance

Alteration

Refurbishment

Demolition

Design-Pre contractIt includes

1. Geotechnical investigation.

2. Detailed drawing.

3. Structural designing

4. Detailed estimation

5. Planning and scheduling

6. Feasibility reports

7. Tendering

8. Selection of contractor.

Post contract Site setup Excavation work Construction of the foundations Erection of the structural frame members Construction of the walls Ground floor slab Construction of the roof Installation of windows and doors Joinery installation First floor installation Installation of electrical service Installation of mechanical services ,Including plumbing. Internal finishes,-Plastering, painting and flooring. External work-car parks roads and landscaping Drainage and connection Clean and handover.

Post construction Maintenance and repair

Alteration

Refurbishment

Demolition

Maintenance The maintenance work involves the day to day care

required to maintain the operation function of building for which it was designed. examples are..

Flushing and cleaning of the drainage system.

Replacement of lightning system

Renewal of roof covering.

Oiling of doors and window fitting.

Servicing of air conditioning unit.

Repair Polymer modified concreting in distressed concrete in

RCC members

Application of crack fillers in walls to prevent it from leakage due to water.

Application of white cement between tile joints in bathroom and water tanks.

Removing old brick bat cobba from the terrace and applying A new one.

Alteration Alteration tend to involve removing and repositioning

of small items

Removing and replacement of doors and windows.

Extension undertaken due to increase in no. of occupants.

Refurbishment Refurbishment is the process to convert an obsolete

building into a trending one.

Replacement of old wiring system in a modern one.

Fitting a new water supply system in an old system.

Feasibility studiesBefore commencement of any project, There are some question which needs to be answered to justify the project.

Is the proposed site is large enough. Will the total cost be within the level of financial resources

available? What constraints are there on the proposed site. Are there any local authority planning constraint on the

site , such as height of any proposed building. Is the ground bearing capacity sufficient to support the

weight of building. Will the design achieve value for the client money. Is the design safe under the CDM regulation 1994.

Procurement Procurement is the method by which a suitable

construction company is selected to undertake the work. The process of procurement is as follow.

Concept

Drawing the concept on paper.

Preparation of Designing.

Preparation of general and detailed specifications.

Preparation of detailed Estimation

Publishing of Tender in news paper.

Types of contracts Lump-Sum contract

Unit price contract

Cost plus contract

Build operate transfer

P.P.P

Incentive contract

Negotiated contract

Members of the building team

Team interaction and communication-Traditionally interaction may take place between:

1.The architect or designer and the principal contractor’s contract manager.

2.The contract manager and their site manager or supervisor.

3. The site manger and the general forepersons.

4. The general foreperson and craft operatives and general operatives.

Modern way of communication Many construction companies use virtual construction

sites where all design and construction information is held and each member of the team can log into the system to communicate and transfer information.

Communication within the team Between the architect or designer through architect’s

instruction.

Between the architect and designer and the principal contractor via verbal instruction.

Between all primary parties through site meeting

Illustrating changes to design through drawing

By email with attachment.

Communication between architect and principal contractor Architect is often representative of the client.

Architect will issue either verbal or written instruction to the contractor.

Architect provides drawing to the contractor in a drawing register.

Architect arrange site progress meeting.

Communication between contracts manager and site manager They talk generally via phone

Both ensure the availability of material, workmanship and quality

Communication between site manager and foreperson Daily meeting

Resources required

Deadlines

Copies of instruction received from architect.

Communication between general foreperson and general operative Verbal communication

Foreperson will communicate with a ganger.

Ganger will further communicate with workers