Traffic signal control management based on integrating GIS and WSN technology

Smt. Kashibai Navale College Of Engineering,Pune

SEMINAR ON

Traffic Light Control with Wireless Sensor Networks

GUIDED BYPRESENTED BY Krushna KotgireTE-Div5 533 (314)

Department of Computer Engg.


Prof. V. V. Jog1

Traffic Light Control with Wireless Sensor Networks 2

I. IntroductionII. History Of Traffic LightIII. Type Of Traffic SignalIV. Use of Traffic LightV. SurveyVI. What Is GISVII. Role Of GIS In Traffic Management SystemVIII.Principle Of GISIX. MethodologyX. Advantage & DisadvantageXI. Other Method To Avoid TrafficXII. References

INDEX..

1. Introduction

Traffic is the biggest problem in the cities. The main cause of this traffic is number of vehicles on roads are increasing day by day but infrastructure is not capable of handling them properly.

Using latest technologies (GIS and ITS) traffic problem can be resolved easily.

Proper use of traffic signal can lead toward traffic management.


2. History of Traffic Light…

The world’s very first traffic light invented by J. P. Knight installed in London’s House of Commons, which was on the intersection of George and Bridge Street, in 1868.

In 1914 The American Traffic Signal Company installed red and green traffic light on every corner of the intersection of 105th street and

In 1918 three color signal oprated manually from a tower in the middle f street.


22 fit


3. Type of traffic signal

Traffic control signal- (a) Fixed time signal reduces unnecessary delay , low cost , currently used,

downtown area

(b) Manually operated signal (c) Traffic actuated signal

delay problem occur,

Pedestrian signal (Zebra Crossing)

Special traffic signal

4. Use of Traffic signal

The three-aspect standard is also used at lock on the upper Mississippi River.

Red means that another vessel is passing through.(STOP)

Yellow means that the lock chamber is being emptied or filled to match the level of the approaching vessel. (READY TO GO)

After the gate opens, green means that the vessel may enter.(GO)



Ref. No. Survey…

1Wireless Sensor Networks deployed along a road can be utilized to control the traffic load on roads and at traffic intersections.

2 Sensor is used to transmit signal that has been installed in every emergency vehicle to the receiver which has been placed at every traffic light intersection. When emergency vehicle reach at the traffic light intersection, the signal code will be sent information of frequency modulation to the receiver. The receiver demodulates the received code and the red traffic light will trigger at all the junctions.

Truth Table When the Yellow Light of Traffic Light 1 Is On

Traffic Light

Red Yellow Green

1 0 1 0

2 1 0 0

3 1 0 0

4 1 0 0

5. Survey

7


Ref. No. Survey…

2

Truth Table for Emergency Mode

3A real-time computer vision system for measuring traffic parameters, Image analysis and rule-based reasoning for a traffic . Image tracking of moving vehicles can give us quantitative description of traffic flow. Here we are using edge detection method for image matching.

Traffic Light

Red Yellow Green

1 0 0 1

2 1 0 0

3 1 0 0

4 1 0 0

8


Ref. No. Survey…

4

These sensors detect vehicles’ number, speed, etc. and send their data to the nearest Intersection Control Agent (ICA) which, determines the flow model of the intersectiondepending on sensors’ data (e.g., number of vehicles approaching a specific intersection).Each traffic light controlled intersection has an intersection control agent that collects information from the sensor nodes. An intersection control agent manages its intersection by controlling its traffic lights

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Ref. No. Survey..

5

It proposes a solution to the traffic signal management problem using combined techniques that combines both GIS information with WSN based techniques. This combination provide appropriate techniques and tools that will enhance the capabilities of traffic jam prevention, early detection, efficient surveillance, efficient spread control, and fast termination of possible hazards.

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Car Status No. of car

Created 17

Waiting to enter 0

In Simulator 5

Exit From simulator 12

Number of cars in simulation and their status

Time Value (Seconds)

Move [s] 18.0725 (98.9558 %)

stopped [s] 0.26333 (1.0442 %)

stopped per car s/car] 0.021944

stopped per dist. s/m] 0.0016471

Time status in the simulator


Velocity Time Value (Seconds)

vel < 10Km/h [s] 2.5283 (13.3724 %)

vel < 20Km/h [s] 7.1333 (38.7197 %)

vel < 30Km/h [s] 9.205 (49.9445 %)

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Velocities times in the simulator


A Simulated System For Traffic Signal Management Based On

Integerating GIS & WSN Techniques

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6. What is GIS

A geographic information system (GIS) is a computer system for capturing, storing, checking, and displaying data related to positions on Earth's surface. GIS can show many different kinds of data on one map. This enables people to more easily see, analyse, and understand patterns and relationships.

GIS is about mapping, spatial indexing, spatial operators, geocoding and routing technology.

The Goal of the GIS is to graphically represent studied area in a map form. One property of GIS is that it can display studied items in the form of layers .This is a common method to represent terrain features such as mountains, water and even buildings.

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GIS techniques is divided into the following rules: (Storage, Analysis, Reporting of data sets and integrating various databases related to the study area)

What is GIS - YouTube.mp4


7. Role of GIS in Traffic management system

GIS Plays Significant Role In Each Field Of Traffic Management. Some Of These Fields Are ………..

Providing Alternate Routes To Road Users. Providing Necessary Information To Passengers. For Proper Signal Control. Minimizing Accidents. Reduction Of Congestion Spots.


Data Capture Data sources are mainly obtained from manual digitization and scanning of aerial photographs, paper maps, and existing digital data sets.

Database Management and Update data security, data integrity, and data storage and retrieval, and data maintenance abilities

Geographic Analysis The collected information is analyzed and interpreted qualitatively and quantitatively.

Preparing Result One of the most exciting aspects of GIS technology is the variety of different ways in which the information can be presented.

8. Principle Of GIS


Load Pedestrian-vehicle Crash Data And Segregate The Data At Each Location

Compute A Severity Index At Each Location.

Examine The Spatial Patterns Of The Pedestrian-vehicle Crash Data.

Create A Pedestrian-vehicle Crash Hot Spots Map.

Load The Bus Stop Data And Identify Bus Stops In Hot Spots Areas.

Compute Severity Indices And Rank Unsafe Bus Stops.

9. Methodology


Methodology


GIS allows us to view, understand, and visualize data in many ways that reveal relationships, patterns, and trends in the form of maps, globes, reports, and charts.

A GIS helps you answer questions and solve problems by looking at your data in a way that is quickly understood and easily shared.

GIS give the accurate Data.

Better Predictions and Analysis.

GIS technology can be integrated into any enterprise information system frame-work.

10. Advantage & DisadvantageAdvantage Of Gis


Disadvantage Of GIS

Excessive damage in case of internal fault. Long outage periods as Repair of damaged part at site may be difficult.

Expensive software.

Integration with traditional map is difficult.

11. Others method to avoid traffic There are various different method to avoid the traffic, these are-

1) Traffic density control and accident indicator

Wireless Sensor Networks deployed along a road can be utilized to control the traffic load on roads and at traffic intersections.

Sensors are deployed on either side of roads at intersection points and in emergency vehicles respectively.

These sensors run on both solar energy as well as battery. During bright and sunny conditions these sensors have the capability to draw solar energy from sun light and use battery power for functioning during night and cloud and foggy condition.


HARDWARE TOOLS: 1. POWER SUPPLY 2. ARDUINO UNO 3. IR SENSORS 4. VIBRATION SENSOR 5. LCD 6. ZIGBEE 7. GSM


Density based traffic light system - YouTube.mp4

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2)Traffic light control system using radio frequency Sensor is used to transmit signal that has been installed in every emergency vehicle to the receiver which has been placed at every traffic light intersection.

When emergency vehicle reach at the traffic light intersection, the signal code will be sent information of frequency modulation to the receiver.

The receiver demodulates the received code and the red traffic light will trigger at all the junctions. Thus, emergency vehicle will have special route from other vehicle to reach the destination.

The emergency vehicle also may take control of traffic light at an intersection.



A transmitter placed on an emergency vehicle transmits a signal to the receivers positioned at the traffic lights whenever it is on emergency mode.

The received signal is then processed by a master controller which in turn pre-empts the sequence of the traffic light to control the traffic flow at the intersection which taken by the emergency vehicle.

The master controller also provides an output which display signs to indicate that there is an emergency vehicle to the other road users from other direction at the traffic light intersection.

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Traffic Light Preemption for Emergency Vehicle PART 1 - YouTube.mp4

Traffic Light Preemption for Emergency Vehicles PART 2 - YouTube.mp4


3)Traffic light control using image processing

In addition to qualitative description of road congestion, image measurement canprovide quantitative description of traffic status including speeds, vehicle counts, etc.

Following are the steps involved Image acquisition RGB to gray conversion Image enhancement Image matching using edge detection



Conclusion

Thediscussion states that this system will allow the authoritiesfor traffic routing. There are many benefits behind this system. Since recent technology provides powerful platform upon which other services can operate in terms of results. The integration of GIS &WSN techniques for traffic signals management shows great promise to solve the problems of “Traffic Signals Management” bychanging from ordinary control of it that is based on (queue length and wait time) to more smart control that is based on existing of vehicles at intersections.

12. REFERENCES

1) K. Swathi , V. Sivanagaraju , A.K.S. Manikanta , S. Dileep Kumar , “ Traffic Density Control and Accident Indicator Using WSN ” , IJMTST 2016. 2) N. M. Z. Hashim, A. S. Jaafar, N. A. Ali, L. Salahuddin, N. R. Mohamad , M. A. Ibrahim , “Traffic Light Control System for Emergency Vehicles Using Radio Frequency”, IOSRJEN 2013.

3) Ms. PALLAVI CHOUDEKAR ,Ms. SAYANTI BANERJEE ,Prof. M. K. MUJU , “REAL TIME TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROL USING IMAGE PROCESSING.”, IJCSE 2014.

4) Malik Tubaishat, Yi Shang , Hongchi Shi , “Adaptive Traffic Light Control with Wireless Sensor Networks.”, IEEE 2007.

5) Ahmed S.Elmotelb,Bahaa T. Shabana,A. S.Tolba ,” A Simulated System for Traffic Signal ManagementBased on Integrating GIS & WSN Techniques”, IJECCE 2016.


THANK YOU..
