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SOFTWARE AND WEB TECHNOLOGY

Presented by,RASHA KAMAL

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HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

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HARDWARE

Physical parts of a computer system.It include

1 CPU(Central Processing Unit)

2 Memory

eg: CD drives,USB,Disk drives etc.

3 Input devices

eg: Mouse, keyboard etc

4 Output devices

eg: Monitor, Speaker etc.

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SOFTWARE

Set of instructions that directs a computer to perform specific operations.

SOFTWARE

APPLICATION SOFTWARE

SYSTEM SOFTWARE

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1. APPLICATION SOFTWARE• Program designed to perform a specific function directly to the user. So it is also called end-user programs. Eg: word processors, web browsers, paint etc.

2. SYSTEM SOFTWARE Programs that support the execution and development of other

programs. Two types Operating Systems(OS)

eg:Microsoft Windows. Translation System

eg: Compilers and Linkers.

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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

“Software engineering is the application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation and maintenance of software.”

Software engineer is a person who applies the principles of Software engineering.

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PEOPLE INVOLVED IN SOFTWARE DEVOLOPMENT

Customers

Managers/administrators

Developers

Testers

End-users

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PROBLEMS OF SOFTWARE DEVOLOPMENT

Poor requirements

Unrealistic schedules

Insufficient testing

Miscommunication

Poor skill of developer

Poor quality assurance and quality control

Less coordination between team members

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AD HOC SOFTWARE DEVOLOPMENT

Developing software without any methodology.

Disadvantages Cant schedule time and budgets. Functionality and product quality are generally inconsistent.

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SOFTWARE DEVOLOPMENT LIFECYCLE(SDLC)

“SDLC is a well-defined, structured sequence of stages in software engineering to develop the intended software product.”

It is also referred as Application development lifecycle.

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WEB TECHNOLOGIES

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WEBSITE Set of related web pages typically served from a single web

domain. Website is hosted on atleast one webserver,accessible via

internet using URL(Uniform Resource Locator).

Web pages Building blocks of websites created using formatting

instructions of Hypertext Markup Languages(HTML). Web pages are accessed and transported with Hypertext

Transfer Protocol(HTTP).

Web browser• Renders the page content according to its HTML instructions

onto a display terminal.

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Two types of website:1 Static website Also known as flat or stationary websites. Web pages stored on the web server in the format that is sent to a

client web browser. It is created using HTML and it cannot be modified.

2 Dynamic website It is one that changes or customizes itself frequently and

automatically. It has been made using Ajax technology.

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Web server Computer which is connected to the internet, on which a

website is hosted.

Types of web server1 Apache HTTP server Open source software. It can be installed on almost all OS including

Linux,Unix,Windows etc.

2 Internet Information Services(IIS) High performance web server from Microsoft. This webserver runs on Windows NT/2000 and 2003 platform.

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Scripting LanguagesProgram that is designed for integrating and

communicating with other programming languages.

Types1 Client side scripting language

eg: javascript,css,HTML etc.2 server side scripting language eg:PHP,ASP,PERL,Python etc.

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PHP PHP is an acronym for “PHP:Hypertext Preprocessor” Tool for making dynamic and interactive web pages.

PHP connect to database Opening database connection. $connection=mysql_connect(“localhost”,$username,$password); Access the database.

mysql_select_db(“dbname”,$connection); Perform sql operation. Closing database connection.

mysql_close($connection);

Building a Query Directly Using input information.

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Running a Query mysql_query : returns a result handle.

$result=mysql_query($query,$connection);

mysql_num_rows : indicates the number of rows return. $num_rows=mysql_num_rows($result);

mysql_fetch_array : creates array/hash of result.for($n=0;$n<$num_rows;$n++)

$row=mysql_fetch_array($result);

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WEB HOSTING It is the service that allows individuals and organizations to

make their website accessible via www. A web hosting company is one that rents out space on their

server for a monthly fee.

Features of web hosting Unlimited disk storage Unlimited domain Unlimited bandwidth

Web hosting servers1 Linux hosting server2 Windows hosting server