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Presented by: Mary Balboni
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Mary Balboni
Raytheon
Intelligence, Information and Services (IIS)
Recognizing Innovation and Owning your
Contribution
#0261-000586TPCR#IIS-941
Copyright © 2013 Raytheon Company. All rights reserved.
Customer Success Is Our Mission is a registered trademark of Raytheon Company.
Abstract
The target audience would be any age, any experienced
engineer or someone interested in technology. This session
will be an innovation talk, recognizing
innovation from the start of my career in the 1970's,
getting audience members excited about
innovations happening today, adding information of
how to recognize that you have a new idea and to own
it by what you can do to document it for Intellectual
Property, patents, licenses. If there is time, I would like to do
a quick exercise in innovation thinking as a group.
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 2
The Difference Between 'Invention' and 'Innovation'
In its purest sense, "invention" can be defined as the creation
of a product or introduction of a process for the first time.
"Innovation," on the other hand, occurs if someone improves
on or makes a significant contribution to an existing product,
process or service.
Tom Grasty ‘Innovator to Watch’ 2010 Knight News Challenger Winner
http://www.pbs.org/idealab/2012/03/the-difference-between-invention-and-
innovation086.html
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 3
The Difference Between 'Invention' and 'Innovation'
Invention Microprocessor
Tom Grasty ‘Innovator to Watch’ 2010 Knight News Challenger Winner
Innovation
• Hundreds of
thousands of
products,
processes and
services that
evolved from the
invention
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 4
Invention Innovations
Not being “First” exactly
Steve Jobs, late CEO of Apple, Innovator
1979 Sony
Walkman
– ‘Music
anytime,
anywhere’
1980’s
MPG3
devices 2001
iPod
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 5
Process Improvements:
Innovations in the Service Industry
Taxi knows where you are vs you (Customer) know where the Taxis are…..
Taxi cockpit – two
smartphones and a
digital camera behind
the steering wheel
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 6
UK’s
HAILO Germany’s
BetterTaxi App
USA’s
Uber’s
App for
users,
also Taxi
Magic
UNIVAC, Division of Remington Rand
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 7
Eckert Mauchly Computer
Corporation, founded 1946
Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC), first commercial digital computer
1950 Remington Rand picked up Eckert
Mauchly Computer Corp
1955 Sperry Corp merged with Remington
Rand to form Sperry Rand
1986 Hostile takeover: Sperry Rand taken by
Burroughs to form Unisys
My 1974 Experience: Data Entry
Hollerith card data input through Punched Cards
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 8
Current Day : keyboards and even voice recognition
Data Storage
Paper and Mag tape
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 9
Current Day : Multi-GIG storage capacity on a USB device, SAN Disks..
Printers
Drum Printer UNIVAC 9400
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 10
Current Day: Wireless portable color printers for the home
Portable Computers
1959 Mobile Computer Center
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 11
Current Day: Laptops, iPads, iPhones…
UNIVAC 9400 computer in a museum in
Germany
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 12
Communicated with itself in the 1970’s
Internet Connectivity
2012 Internet Penetration: Number of users as a percentage of the country’s
population
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 13
Current Day : World Wide Connectivity plus Cloud Environments
Great Women in Computers
Grace Hopper
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 14
Grace Hopper, developer of the computer programming language COBOL, standing next to a UNIVAC
computer approx. 1960
“The most important thing I've accomplished, other than
building the compiler, is training young people. They come to
me, you know, and say, "Do you think we can do this?" I say,
"Try it." And I back 'em up. They need that. I keep track of
them as they get older and I stir 'em up at intervals so they
don't forget to take chances.
1809
Great Women Innovators
Mary Kies•First American woman to earn a patent in her own name•Developed a way to weaving straw into hats that was an economic boon for New England
Ruth Wakefield•Dietian and food lecturer•Owned a tollhouse restaurant with her husband and invented Semi-sweet Chocolate Morsels
1939
Mary Anderson•Developed a squeeqee to wipe off the windshield after taking a cab during the snow•She patented her device and 10 years later thousands of cars were made with her device 1903
Bessie Blount•African American women who practiced as a physical therapist after WWII with frontline amputees•She developed a patent for handicapped to feed themselves 1951
Stephanie Kwolek•Started at DuPont in a temporary job thinking of going on to medical school•Developed a fiber that was ounce-for-ounce as strong as steel, dubbed Kevlar 1964
Great Women Innovators
Sarah Goode•1850 born into slavery•1885 First African American women to receive a U.S.Patent #322,177 for a cabinet bed.
Patent# 322,177
Great Women Innovators
Lillian Moller Gilbreth, PhD (1878-1972)•Lillian and her husband Frank invented Ergonomics•Lillian holds many patents on kitchen devices including the foot-pedal-lid-opener trash can•She had 12 children•She was partnered with her husband until his death in the Gilbreth Inc company, later worked as an industrial engineer for General Electric and in 1966 became the first wormen member of the Society of Industrial Engineers in 1921•Has been declared ‘The World’s Greatest Woman Engineer’
Great Women Innovators
Hedy Lamarr•1942 Co-inventor of an early technique for spread spectrum communications and frequency hopping, used for wireless communication from pre-computer age to present day•Movie Star
Patent#
21st Century
Innovation Thinking
Deborah Rhodes
Dr Amy
Baxter
Olga Koper,
Nanotechnologist
”Buzzy© ” Pain Relief Invention for Diabetics, Kids, anyone that requires injections
30 US and International Patents on nanomaterials such as FASTRACT – a nanopowder that absorbs and mitigates toxic and waste chemicals
Deborah Rhodes is an expert at managing breast-cancer risk. The director of the Mayo Clinic’s Executive Health Program is now testing a gamma camera that can see tumors that get missed by mammography and is pain free.
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 20
Own your Innovation
Cartoon License #TCB-69367 on request from
CondéNast Cartoon Bank
Brain Power
“Our mental function is directly related to what we eat or don’t
eat,” writes Arthur Winter, M.D., and Ruth Winter, M.S., in
Smart Food: Diet and Nutrition for Maximum Brain Power (St.
Martin’s Press, 1999). Food, they explain, ultimately becomes
the chemicals in the brain that affect mood, memory, appetite,
even intelligence.
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 21
Tom Weede, Former SR Editor of Men’s Fitness magazine, Entrepreneur Diet: The
On-the-Go Plan for Fitness Weight Loss and Healthy Living
Brain Power:
Six Sigma Process Improvement
Six Sigma is a highly disciplined process that helps us focus on developing and delivering near-perfect products and services.
Improvements by Reducing Defects / Reducing Variation
Best solutions for the best achievement
Tools– Data collection / Affinity Analysis
– Pareto
– Root Cause Analysis tools: Ishikawa/Fishbone/5 Whys/Causal Loop Diagram
– Control Charts
– Weighted Decision Matrix / Nominal Group Technique
– AS-IS and TO-BE Charts
– Surveys
– Time Value Maps
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 23
Developed in 1981 by Motorola; Championed in 1995 by Jack Welch CEO of GE
Brain Power:
Theory of Inventive Problem Solving
Did anyone have a problem before the wheel was
invented? Genrich Altshuller, 1926-1998, who developed
TRIZ1, (pronounced TREEZ) ; sometimes called TIPS
Altshuller studied over 200,000 most innovative patents
He noticed that inventors had the gift of seeing problems
everywhere, problems waiting for a solution
Today his knowledge database includes the essence of
2,500,000 patents and 40 principles
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 24
Genrich Altshuller ‘And Suddenly the Inventor Appeared: TRIZ, the Theory of
Inventive Problem Solving’ Originally published in English in 1990, based on TRIZ
that was developed in the Soviet Union in 1940’s1 “Teoriya Resheniya Izobreatatelskikh Zadatch” – Theory of Inventive Problem Solving
Brain Power:
Theory of Inventive Problem Solving
Created by engineers, for engineers and it works for
everyone
A systematic innovation itself
Accelerates creative problem solving
Overcomes psychological inertia
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 25
Applies knowledge that has been used to solve breakthrough problems
TRIZ Problem Solving Method
Taking the specific
problem and generalizing
it to one of TRIZ general
problems
From TRIZ general
problems, you identify the
TRIZ solutions
See how these solutions
could be applied to your
specific problem
6/4/2014 26
TRIZ
Analogous
Standard
Problem
My
ProblemMy
Solution
TRIZ
Analogous
Standard
Solution
Makes TRIZ Unique
TRIZ 40 Principles of Problem Solving
6/4/2014 27
Free for Personal Use: http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/1997/07/b/index.html
Principle 11. Beforehand cushioning
Principle 12. Equipotentiality
Principle 13. 'The other way round
Principle 14. Spheroidality - Curvature
Principle 15. Dynamics
Principle 16. Partial or excessive actions
Principle 17. Another dimension
Principle 18. Mechanical vibration
Principle 19. Periodic action
Principle 20. Continuity of useful action
Principle 31. Porous materials
Principle 32. Color changes
Principle 33. Homogeneity
Principle 34. Discarding and recovering
Principle 35. Parameter changes
Principle 36. Phase transitions
Principle 37. Thermal expansion
Principle 38. Strong oxidants
Principle 39. Inert atmosphere
Principle 40. Composite materials
Principle 21. Skipping
Principle 22. "Blessing in disguise" or "Turn Lemons into Lemonade"
Principle 23. Feedback
Principle 24. 'Intermediary'
Principle 25. Self-service
Principle 26. Copying
Principle 27. Cheap short living objects
Principle 28. Mechanics substitution
Principle 29. Pneumatics and hydraulics
Principle 30. Flexible shells and thin films
Principle 1. Segmentation
Principle 2. Taking out
Principle 3. Local quality
Principle 4. Asymmetry
Principle 5. Merging
Principle 6. Universality
Principle 7. "Nested doll"
Principle 8. Anti-weight
Principle 9. Preliminary anti-action
Principle 10. Preliminary action
TRIZ Example of Principles of Problem Solving
Examples of a few principles and possible solutions
6/4/2014 28
Analogous Solutions result from the Inventive Principle
Principle Solution (at one time innovations)
#1 Segmentation
a. Divide an object into independent
parts
b. Make an object sectional
c. Increase the degree of an object's
segmentation
Individually wrapped cheese slices or
mints
Sectional Furniture, modular computer
components, folding wooden ruler
Garden hoses can be joined together to
form any length needed
TRIZ Example of Principles of Problem Solving
Examples of a few principles and possible solutions
6/4/2014 29
Free for Personal Use: http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/1997/07/b/index.html
Principle Solution (at one time innovations)
#3 Local quality (Provide different
packaging for different uses)
Non-alcoholic Margaritas, Child-size
easy chairs / a pencil and eraser in
one unit
#6 Universality (Make an object
perform multiple functions)
Chocolate spread sold in glasses
(with a lid) that can be used for
drinking after chocolate is used ; a
convertible sofa/bed
#7 Nested Doll Stores within stores (Coffee shops in
bookstores); mechanical pencil with
stored lead inside
#17 Another dimension (Tilt or re-
orient object)
Squeezable ketchup bottles that sit on
their lids
6/4/2014 30
Be energized by Your Ideas
Limber up your Brain
A bat and a ball together costs 110 cents. The bat costs
100 cents more than the ball. How much does the ball
cost?
If it takes 5 machines 5 minutes to make 5 widgets, how
long would it take 100 machines to make 100 widgets?
In a lake, there is a patch of lily pads. Every day, the
patch doubles in size. If it takes 48 days for the patch to
cover the entire lake, how long would it take for the patch
to cover half the lake?
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 31
Joerg Oechsslet et all ‘Cognitive Abilities and Behavioral Biases’ Discussion paper
series No. 465, May 2008, University of Heidelberg Dept of Economics
Limber up your Brain
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 32
Are you an Reflective or Impulsive decision maker?
B(ball) = 10
100 minutes
24 days
Mr. Impulsive’s Answers
Bat and Ball
BALL+ BAT = 110
BAT = BALL + 100
BALL + BALL + 100 = 110
2(BALL) = 10
BALL = 5
Widgets
5 machines x 5 minutes = 5 widgets
1 machine x 5 minutes = 1 widget
100 machines x 5 minutes = 100 widgets
Patch of Lily Pads
Day 47 half lake
Day 48 entire lake (or Double Day 47)
Limber up your Brain
Reflective decision makers:
– Individuals with high cognitive abilities
– More risk takers
– More patient
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 33
Sound familiar to you?
Impulsive decision makers:
− More risk averse
− Less patient
Mr. Impulsive
Get out of my Way, I’m Drawing Horns! 1
Stefan Bucher’s Daily Monster (www.dailymonster.com)
is a great example of the concept of ‘Creativity of the moment’,
the thought that we grow creatively in large ways by exercising creative
thoughts in small, digestible opportunities. Today, each of you is going to
use a pencil to create a monster. The only restrictions are
1) once you put your pencil down to start drawing, you cannot remove the
pencil from the paper until you are done, and
2) you and a partner are working together to create one monster so you
must both start at the same time on the same piece of paper working
on the same monster.
You can talk it out as you go or stay silent and read from one another’s
direction what you can add to the monster. Make sure you have enough
space around a table to move, get different perspectives and see what has
been created.
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 34
1 Caffeine for the Creative Team : 150 Exercises to Inspire Group Innovation
Time to Start INNOVATION Monster Drawings
6/4/2014 35
INNOVATION
Be Energized by Ideas
1 Minute
2 Minute
Time to STOP INNOVATION Monster Drawings
6/4/2014 36
INNOVATION• Sign
• Please donate to SWE and pass into Mary
Be Energized by Ideas
Factors to consider when turning an idea to a
world-changing innovation
1. Competitive advantage: Your innovation should provide a unique
competitive position for the enterprise in the marketplace;
2. Business alignment: The differentiating factors of your innovation should
be conceptualized around the key strategic focus of the enterprise and its
goals;
3. Customers: Knowing the customers who will benefit from your innovation
is paramount;
4. Execution: Identifying resources, processes, risks, partners and
suppliers and the ecosystem in the market for succeeding in the innovation
is equally important;
5. Business value: Assessing the value (monetary, market size, etc.) of the
innovation and how the idea will bring that value into the organization is a
critical underlying factor in selecting which idea to pursue.
Venkatakrishnan Balasubramanian, a research analyst with Infosys Labs
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 37
White Papers and Charts
Document Your Idea6/4/2014 38
• First, get your idea down on paper
•Then, start using the ‘language’ and Communication
styles of Engineers
o White Papers
o Quad or Penta Charts
• Answer the “Heilmeier” questions
Heilmeier Catechism
A set of questions credited to Heilmeier that anyone proposing a research
project or product development effort should be able to answer.[1]
What are you trying to do? Articulate your objectives using absolutely no
jargon.
How is it done today, and what are the limits of current practice?
What's new in your approach and why do you think it will be successful?
Who cares?
If you're successful, what difference will it make?
What are the risks and the payoffs?
How much will it cost?
How long will it take?
What are the midterm and final "exams" to check for success?
6/4/2014 39
[1] Credits these observations to G. Heilmeier, "Some Reflections on Innovation and
Invention," Founders Award Lecture, National Academy of Engineering, Washington,
D.C., Sept. 1992.
Example
6/4/2014 40
• First, get your idea down on paper
Detect pain sources from an
unconscious person or
soldier, elderly, comatose,
Autistic child, babies, etc
(a “Mary” Idea for an example)
Be Energized by Ideas
Pain Source Detector (PSD) Quad Chart Example
Capabilities:
Collaborate with medical industry partner with
experience in body / brain synapse sensors. :
Develop sensor specific to pain synopsis, a system
to find source of pain and ability to communicate
and monitor pain data
Discriminators:
Balboni INC is experienced with integrated solution
development and analyzing large data, partners are
experienced with brain synapse sensory data and
capturing that data for analysis
Quality Standards and other Accreditations:
• AS9100 certified Partners
• HHS HIPPA Compliant: Privacy and Security Standards
Contact / Address Details:
Name I. M. Smart
Postal and / or Street Address
606 Braintree Road, NY, NY
Phone (555) 222-6666
Fax
Website
Product: Pain Source Detector (PSD)
http://www.defence.gov.au/deu/docs/quad_chart_template.doc
Key Customers: Domestic and international medical
industry for use on comatose, unresponsive patients
(soldiers, accident victims), autistic child, babies, elderly
or dementia patients
Key Partners:
Medical Sensor Development Company, specialists in
developing sensors for medical equipment
Synapse LLC, specialist in brain synapse sensory data
collection
Low cost, high capacity, system to detect source of
pain in unresponsive patients
White Paper Outline Sample
Length not to exceed 3 pages.
I. Summary Statement of Idea: Give a very brief, 2 to 3 sentence, statement of your idea.
II. Idea Description: Describe your idea with an emphasis on what is new and how it will address the
challenge. You should be specific and quantify the expected outcome as much as possible.
III. Approach: Describe how your idea works, what is new in your approach and what evidence there is
that your approach will work. This section should contain a critical discussion on the approach for your
proposed idea. You should describe the key challenges that will need to be overcome to realize the
envisioned capability or product. Quantify the expected performance improvement of the new “product
or process” as much as possible. Compare to existing solution where possible.
IV. Impact: Describe the capability that will be enabled, how it will meet the challenge, and the end
product that will exist for a customer.
V. Include a single PowerPoint chart summarizing the proposed idea
VI. NOTES
Document Your Idea6/4/2014 42
Owning You Ideas
Intellectual Property– Patents, Copyrights and Licenses
Trademarks
Publish – White Papers, Conferences, Symposiums,
Journals
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 43
Legal Information Institute at Cornell: http://www.law.cornell.edu/
Intellectual Property (IP)
USPTO and NIST/MEP
ipAwarenessAssessment Beta II tool launched 2012 – General Categories
IP Strategies & Best Practices
International IP Rights
IP Asset Tracking
Licensing Technology to Others
Using Technology of Others
– Additional Categories
Copyrights
Design Patents
Trademarks
Trade Secrets
Utility Patents
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 44
IP Awareness Tool: http://www.uspto.gov/inventors/assessment/index.html
Intellectual Property (IP)
World’s Five Largest Intellectual Property Offices (IP5) – US Dept of Commerce’s US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)
– European Patent Office (EPO)
– Japan Patent Office (JPO)
– Korean Intellectual Property Office (KIPO)
– State Intellectual Property Office of the People’s Republic of China (SIPO)
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 45
Five IP Offices: http://www.fiveipoffices.org/index.html
Account for 90% of
all patent
applications files
worldwide
Intellectual Property (IP)
Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) 1970– Work sharing with IP5 to increase examination capacity
– Provides a Single International Patent
– Simultaneously protected for invention in 147 countries
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 46
International or Global View of Patent Applications
U.S. PatentGrants property right to the inventor(s), issued by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office "the
right to exclude others from making, using, offering for sale, or selling" the invention in the
United States or "importing" the invention into the United States.
Utility Patent
– Granted to anyone who invents or discovers any new and useful process, machine, article
of manufacture, or compositions of matters, or any new useful improvement thereof.
Design Patent
– Granted to anyone who invents a new, original, and ornamental design for an article of
manufacture.
Plant Patent
– Granted to anyone who invents or discovers and asexually reproduces any distinct and
new variety of plant.
Filing fees, small (50% discount) and micro (75% discount) entities have reductions
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 47
Patent and Trademark Office Fee Schedule:
http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/ac/qs/ope/fee031913.htm
America Invents Act (AIA) of 2011
6/4/2014 48
First to File – NOT “First to Invent” anymore
http://www.aiarulemaking.com/
Copyrights © and Licenses
Protects work– Originally covered ‘writings’, but now covers architectural design, software, the
graphic arts, motion pictures, and sound recordings
– Owner has exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, perform, display, license, and to prepare derivative works
– Although works produced in the US today (after 3/1/89) are not required to have a mark displayed to be protected by copyright, many authors and producers include a copyright notice to deter unauthorized use of their work.
– The notice must not be concealed from view in normal use, and must include the copyright symbol ( © ), the name of the copyright owner and the year the work was first published.
Compulsory License: a statutorily-created license that allows the use of copyrighted materials (Intellectual Property) without the explicit permission of the copyright holder. In exchange, a royalty is paid to the copyright holder.
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 49
U.S. Copyright Act, 17 U.S.C. §§ 101 - 810
Registered Trademarks ® Examples
Registered Trademark ® includes:– Trademarks
– Trade Names
– Trade Dress
– Service Marks
– Logos
– Domain Names
– URLs
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 50
DOS vs Linux: Different Philosophies
DOS – 1981 Bill Gates maintains © licensing
rights to MS-DOS separate from the IBM PC
Linux – 1991 Linus Torvalds released source
code with a license of prohibiting commercial
distribution under GNU General Public License
and later ® trademarked by Linus under a non-
profit company Linux Mark Institute, FOSS
10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 51
Net worth $71B
Only payout on Linux from Red Hat: $1M in stock
6/4/2014 52
YOU
Learn Techniques and Tools that will accelerate your Creativity !
Get Excited about Innovation
Recognize it all around You
Own Yours!
Biography
Mary Balboni Bio
Systems Engineer / Engineering Manager
Business Unit : Raytheon Intelligence, Information and Services (IIS)
Location Dulles, Virginia
Mary Balboni is a Risk Manager for a number of UAV programs. On prior programs related to Cyber risks,
she helped write policy for the DOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Cyber Risk
Management program. M Balboni also is an Engineering Section Manager in the IIS Defense and Civil
Missions Solutions (DCMS) department, managing a group of engineers working UAV related programs.
Her 30+ years of experience includes systems / software work on such programs as: USAF Distributed
Common Ground System (DCGS) Senior Year (SY), DDG 1000 Zumwalt, Persistent Surveillance and
Dissemination System of Systems (PSDS2), Global Broadcast Service (GBS), FAA contracts (AAS, E-
ARTS, OSDS), Army WWMMCS, Trident Missile Guidance System, Over-the-Horizon-Backscatter (OTH-B)
Radar, Consolidated Automated Support System (CASS) for aircraft carriers, and large Classified satellite
ground station systems.
She is a Raytheon Six Sigma coach and is certified in Risk and Opportunity Management. M Balboni
graduated Wave 20 of Raytheon's System Engineering Technical Development Program (SEtdp) with a
white paper on conversion architecture from decoy missile to mid-range sea launched missile. She has a BS
in Computer Science and a certificate in Internet Programming. She will complete her MS in Systems
Engineering from GWU with a concentration in Information Assurance in 2014.
53