CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN

PANAJI CITY, GOA (STATE),INDIA.

CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN: Urban planning has transformed into managing and building on the “capitals” as

identified in the framework . Herein lies the genesis of the City Development Plan.

CDP under JNNURM:• Although CDPs are a mandatory requirement to access large investible funds from

GoI, they should be seen by State Governments and ULBs as an initiative to usher in a new era of urban local self governance.

Concept and Principles of CDP:• 1. Livability 2. Competitiveness 3. Bankability 4. Good Governance

GOA – AT A GLANCE

One of the smallest states in terms of area (3702 sq km)

Coastline of over 105 km.

Population - 1.34 million.

Population Density - 363 per sq. km. Growth rate - 14.9% (decadal)

The per capita income at Rs.85,330 is the highest in the country which is also 3 times the National Avg.

Urbanization trend in Goa is higher than the national average of its total population - 49.8%

INTRODUCTION:

The State of Goa is the 25th State in the Union of States of India lies on the western cost. The State is bounded by Maharashtra on north and north east, Karnataka on east and south and by Arabian sea on west side.

GOA is the most progressing state in socio economic indicators.

GOA ranked No:1 state by ELEVENTH FINANCE COMMISSION INDIA in terms of Infrastructure facilities.

LOCATION

North Goa comprises of six Taluks and 211 villages with extend of 1736 Sq. Kms point here

The Tiswadi in which Capital City of Panaji is located is the one of thesix taluks of North Goa

The City Panaji lies on the banks of the Mondovi estuary.Goa's fastest growing city after Vasco and Madgaon

Panaji is spotted as one of the most attractive tourist destination center’s in India

DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS • The percentages of male female Population to the total population are 50.6 & 49.4,

respectively

• Panaji City had an annual growth rate of 2.6 % percent. The high growth rate during 2001 was due to influx of displaced population..

• The literacy rate is 71.6%, and Gender / Sex ratio 975 females per 1000 males, which is slightly greater than State average of 960.

• The percentage of Scheduled Caste (SC) is 2.38 % ofthe total population. Within the Corporation limits, about 8% of Panaji population is Scheduled Tribe (ST) (0.01% of total population).

• Population projections considering 2001 census as base, indicates that Panaji City population will increase gradually, and will reach one lakh Plus (1.067 Lakh) during the Horizon Period i.e. 2030.

Area & Population dynamics of Panaji city:

DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS

• Population projections considering 2001 census as base, indicates that Panaji City population will increase gradually, and will reach one lakh Plus (1.067 Lakh) during the Horizon Period i.e. 2030.

• The Projected density is almost nearing to double at the end of the Projected Horizon period (2030) i.e. 134.52 PPH against the existing 75.33PPH (Base Year), which implies that the pressure over the public infrastructure and urban land is going to build up

• Global Change in Environment would adversely affectthe pressure on land

• Resident and Tourist/ Visiting elders are areas of concern in terms of Demographic interpretations. .

Floating Population:

Gender ratio:

5.3 LINKAGES

The city is well connected by roadways, airways, waterways and railway network to the urban centers in the state, national capital and important cities in the neighboring states.

Panaji being state capital ,it is served by National Highway No. 17 and 4A.

It is well connected by airways , from Mumbai (Bombay), Bangalore, Delhi etc,by the airport located at Dabolim.

Even it is connected to other cities by the railway station located at Madgaon

It has well connected waterways , connecting coast line cities and also with rest of the world.

5.5 LANDUSE

The spatial planning of Panaji was initially governed by zoning plans prepared in the post-liberation period. The Outline Development Plan was finalized in 1989 and revised later in 1997.

Historically, the layout of the city of Panaji allowed for creation of open spaces and vistas.

The central area of Panaji has grid-iron pattern and was initially dominated by a large number of buildings of administrative, civic and religious uses later changed into a commercial areas with a FAR of 250. but later it was reduces to 200.

5.7 HERITAGE

The city has four distinct heritage areas with individual and unique characterstics. These are:

• Fontaihnas and Portais

• Altinho

• Campal

• Central Panaji

6.2.2 Water Shed Management

Due to thin soil cover and highly rugged configuration of the topography, in spite of heavy rainfall (Avg. annual rainfall is about 350 cm) , the drainage systems dry up in the summer months.

The state has innovated a post monsoon water harvesting and ground water recharge method by constructing Bandharas in combination with inter linking of river basins in the state.

The river flow is complemented by storages in Bandharas and by river linking by pumping of water from Salauli canal (Zuari River Basin) to Khanderpar river.

ISSUES REGARDING WATER1. The water supply is contaminated with sewage with the presence of E-coli in drinking

water. Hence, on top priority, the same needs to be following may have to be

addressed by taking following corrective measures :

• The old damaged pipes have to be rehabilitated

• Re-alignment of pipes where water supply lines and sewer lines are traversed

at same depth.

• High ground water saturation with leachates is also causing contamination and

hence, sewer network with 100% coverage has to be ensured.

• New pipes with super specifications may have to be laid to arrest the said

problems.

24x7 water supply implementation for future is a real challenge as the existing

sustainability of the water supply scheme

• To conserve water resources as source for OPA water works are limited.

• To defer future capital investments

• To improve the service levels

• To reduce cost recovery burden on people by increasing the efficiency levels.

2. The non-revenue water percentage is as high as 47% .

3. The reliability aspect of existing meters have to be studied and the faulty meters have

to be replaced to reduce the percentage of NRW.

4. Bulk meter system should be introduced for better monitoring of the water usage and

to control UFW.

5. Re-cycling and re-use of the water concepts needs to be introduced, particularly the

storm water recycling to conserve the water resources and also to tackle the storm

water problem in the project area through creation of water bodies.

6.3 STORM WATER DRAINAGE

The original storm water drainage for Panaji city was planned and implemented in the year 1938 by the Portuguese. However, the said drainage system was perfect as long as the development was sustainable.

But coming to today’s scenario ,due to unplanned and unsustainable development in panaji,the water table has been affected, and also the storm water drainage built by Portuguese could be developed , and people could ‘nt use this facility.

6.3.1 Bottle necks of the existing System:

As a result of rapid urbanization of Panaji city, certain severe problems have cropped up for drainage of storm water even during ordinary storms, and quite often city witnesses the flash floods coupled with the flushing of back waters from River Mandovi during high tide time.

(a) No more gravity flow (b) Affecting the balance of River basins (c) Creation of more & more impervious surface (d) Silting of natural drains (h) Closure of existing drains

6.4 SEWERAGE

Panaji City has a separate sanitary sewer system that has been developed on based on the storm water drainage system developed by the Portuguese Regime.

The Sewerage system in Panaji was established in the year 1967 with a treatment plant capacity of 5.86 MLD.

6.5 ROADS & TRANSPORTATION

The Corporation of the City of Panaji has approximately 77kms of road network.

The road network, its corresponding length and shown in the following Map.

Almost all the roads are black top roads with carriageway of 3-14m width.

6.5.5 Vehicle Characteristics & Parking

Apart from public transport, private cars and motorbike are also used for localized movement.

But as far as parking is concerned, the numbers of parking places are not commensurate to the number of vehicles available in the city. There is lack of parking places in the whole city.

Although it is marked that vehicles are parked on road on proper manner but the inadequate width roads are not sufficient to accommodate high number of vehicles

7.. HOUSING SCENARIO

7.1.1 Distribution by use:

The households in the Panaji Cityduring the census year 1991 were 9097 and during the census year 2001 it was about 13581. The growth percentage observed is 33%.

During the decade the number of vacant house has also considerably reduced from 4.6% to 2.3 %.

S. No.

S. No. Description1991 2001

1 Total no. households 9097 13582

2 No. of occupied residential housing

8691 13260

3 No. of vanant houses 406 322

4 Houseless population 397 448

No.of units

7.1 DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSES

As per 2001 Census there are 13581 households in the City Panaji. The average household size is 4.35 (4.76 during 1991),which is comparatively low to the state average of 5.0.

the land is becoming more limited for development within the city thereby pushing the estate / land cost up, which makes the affordability of housing units a complex issue.

The Literacy status is another indicator of the potentiality of people improving their economic activities, enhancing income level and upgrading their habitat. Viewed form this angle, it is encouraging that the literacy rate for the city was 80.01 %( 2001 Census), it shows that is a good potential for acceptability of housing finance programmes.

7.2 DEMAND AND AFFORDABILITY OF HOUSES:

7.3Degradation of Quality of Life

Congestion: The city is highly congested, and because of the congestion and narrow streets the maintenance infrastructure facility becomes very cumbersome. Due to this the there has been reduction in qualityof life.

Because of high pressure caused by the land speculation within the city, the high density areas are slowly getting absorbed by the developers, for construction of Multistorey Commercial and Residential Complexes.

Similarly some of the heritage buildings are being left unattended.

7.4 Alternate Housing

To meet the future demand and to maintain a good quality of life, re-densification of some areas is required.

Housing arrangement for the governmental, other public and semi public agencies may be undertaken in group housing.

The issues related to encroachment and unauthorized colonies are presented, in the Chapter Urban Poor

URBAN POOR

According to a survey by CCP, there were 90 BPL families in 2003.

There are 3 distinguished areas where people live in shabby conditions.

As per official records, there were no BPL families in Panaji.

There is a presence of beggars and pavement dwellers.

These are Ward no. 14; St. Ines Bandh, Ward no. 12 and Aivao Caranzalem, Ward no. 1.

Infrastructure, Estimation of Migratory Population and Issues related to the slums There is no infrastructure facility in the slums. They are encroachment on

PHD water works and forest land.

Water- Only a common water post (tap) exists.

Drainage- Available.

Sewage- Pay and use toilet available.

Street lights- absent.

Roads- narrow in form of covered drains.

Solid Waste Management- household collection of garbage available.

Though hard to believe, but, the people living in these areas were willing to pay for the services.

The migratory population has been estimated to decline up-to 1% in 2030.

Several reforms have been implemented to address the poor and migrants.

TOURISM & HERITAGE CONSERVATION

Panaji lies on the banks of river Mandovi.

As inventory of tourist spots is large in Tiswadi Taluka, Panaji commands a strategic location in terms of accessibility, approach and infrastructure.

Places of tourist attraction can be divided into the following heads:

Beaches: Miramar beach and Dona Paula beach, Anjuna Beach .. Etc..,

Anjuna Beach

Benaulim Beach

Dona Paula BeachColva Beach

Majorda Beach Miramar Beach

Calangute Beach

Heritage Tourism: Church of St. Francis of Assissi, Church of Our Lady of Immaculate Conception, St. Cathedral and Basilica of Bom Jesus.

Religious and Cultural Tourism: Shree Gomanteshwar Devasthan, Shree Mungesh Temple, Shree Hanuman Temple, Shanti Durga Temple, Shree Mahalaxmi Temple and Jamiya Masjid.

Eco Tourism: Dr. Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary.

Other: Aguada Fort, Ancestral Goa and Mala Lake.

Heritage Zones / Conservation Areas Approximately, 15% (62hc) of the

settlement area under Panaji Municipal Area is designated as heritage area. This area covers more than 25% of the population of Panaji.

The Heritage Areas are:

i. Mandovi River Front: Heterogeneous land-use.

ii. Campal: Predominantly residential area.

iii. Fountainhas: Cultural centre of Panaji.

iv. Portais: Consists of old buildings.

v. Ribandar: Low density residential area.

vi. Old Goa: Area where most monuments are World Heritage Sites.