In order to make use of the genome

sequence, we need to understand all of

its components. Assigning identities and

functions to sequences within the genome

is called genome annotation.

Genome sequencing helps in:

• identifying new genes (“gene discovery”)

• looking at chromosome organization and

structure

• finding gene regulatory sequences

• comparative genomics

These in turn lead to advances in:

•medicine

•agriculture

•biotechnology

•understanding evolution and other basic

science questions

1. Identifying portions of the

genome that do not code for

proteins

2. Identifying elements on the

genome, a process called gene

prediction.

3. Attaching biological information

to these elements.

Despite good progress in identifying both

protein coding and non-protein coding

genes, much work remains to be done

before even the best-studied genomes are

fully annotated. For the higher eukaryotes,

only a tiny percentage of features such as

TFBSs, CRMs, and other non-gene features

have so far been indentified.

Genome Annotation—much work remains