overview of civil engineering

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Lectr. Rahul N Patil 1

CCONSTRUCTIONONSTRUCTIONMMATERIALSATERIALS

LectLect.. RahulRahul NN PatilPatil

CCHAPTER # 1HAPTER # 1

SyllabusSyllabus1. Overview of Civil Engineering [Mks: 08]

2. Natural Construction Materials [Mks: 24]

3. Artificial Construction Materials [Mks: 30]

4. Special Construction Materials [Mks: 20]

5. Finishing Materials [Mks: 08]

6. Building Materials from Agro and Industrial Wastes

[Mks: 10]

Chapter 1Chapter 1• OVERVIEW OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

• Role of Civil Engineering in Human Life – Building Construction, Transportation Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Construction Management

• Criteria for selection of Construction Materials on the basis of carrying prescribed load, Serviceability, Aesthetically pleasing, economical, environmental friendly.

• Broad Classification of Materials – Natural, Artificial, Special, Finishing and recycled construction materials.

OVERVIEW OF CIVIL OVERVIEW OF CIVIL ENGINEERINGENGINEERING• This chapter deals with the Role of Civil

Engineer in human life, buildingconstruction, transportation Engineering,irrigation Engineering, constrictionmanagement.

• Building materials have an important role toplay in this modern age of technology.

• The basic concern of civil engineer is theDesign, Construction, Supervision andmaintenance of structures such as building,bridges, canals, water tanks, roads, etc.

• The most important aspect in field practiceis to select and use different types ofmaterials.

RoleRole ofof civilcivil EngineeringEngineering inin BuildingBuilding ConstructionConstruction• Building construction is described as the commercial

activity including the creation, modification, renovationand destruction of buildings and structures.

• Four types of Construction:1) Residential Building Construction2) Industrial construction3) Commercial Building Construction4) Heavy Civil Construction

• Civil engineers visits fields for surveying, siteinvestigation, or construction inspection or supervision.

• They are also involved in Laboratory Testing for conditionof Soil and Construction materials.

• They are also involved in Planning, Designing,Construction & Maintenance of buildings.

RoleRole ofof civilcivil EngineeringEngineering inin TransportationTransportationEngineeringEngineering• Transportation Engineering deals

with the Design, construction, &maintenance of all forms ofTransportation infrastructure, fromroads to Airports to sea ports etc.

• Civil engineers design, construct& maintain all types oftransportation facilities, includingAirports, highways, Railwaytracks, mass transport systems,harbors & ports.

• They are also involved in theconstruction of Bridges, Tunnelsetc.

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RoleRole ofof civilcivil EngineeringEngineering inin EnvironmentalEnvironmentalEngineeringEngineering• The goal of Environmental engineering is toensure the community development and thesensible use of water, land and air resources tomake them sustainable.

• This goal is achieved by managing theseresources so that environmental pollution anddegradation is minimized.

• Environmental engineers study water, soil and airpollution problems, and develop technicalsolutions needed to solve, control these problemsin a manner that is compatible with legislative,economic, social and political concerns.

RoleRole ooff civilcivil EngineeringEngineering iinn IrrigationIrrigation EngineeringEngineering• Irrigation is the controlled application of water toagricultural lands.

• Its basic objective is to create an optimal soilmoisture system for maximizing crop production &quality while at the same time minimizing theenvironmental degradation in irrigation ofagricultural lands.

• Irrigation Engineering deals with the Design,evaluation, & management of on-farm agriculturalwater application methods, including surface,sprinkler, as well as design, operation, andmaintenance of water conveyance and deliverysystems.

RoleRole ofof CivilCivil EngineeringEngineering inin ConstructionConstructionManagementManagement• Functions of Construction Management

1. Specifying project objectives & plans includingdescription of scope, budgeting, scheduling, settingperformance requirements & selecting projectparticipants.

2. Maximizing resource efficiency through procurement oflabor, materials and equipment.

3. Implementing various operations through propercoordination and control of planning, design, estimating,contracting & construction in the entire process.

4. Developing effective communications & mechanisms forresolving conflict.

• A civil Engineer as a construction manager plans, coordinates,budgets, & supervises construction projects from earlydevelopment to completion.

Criteria for selection of Construction MaterialCriteria for selection of Construction Material• The use of durable, attractive, & environmentally

responsible building materials is a key element of anyhigh-performance building.

• The use of Natural & Healthy materials adds to the well-being of the occupants.

• Many construction materials have significantenvironmental impacts from pollutant releases, habitatdestruction, and depletion of natural resources.

• In addition, some construction materials can harm humanhealth by exposing workers and building occupants totoxic and hazardous substances.

• Multiple factors are often considered by the Civil Engineerwhen evaluating the various categories of buildingmaterials.

CriteriaCriteria forfor selectionselection ofof constructionconstructionmaterialsmaterials onon thethe basisbasis ofof LoadLoad• Materials must be selected for their ability tosupport the loads imposed by the buildingover the whole life of the building.

• A Highly durable material may provide themost sustainable solution if it reducesmaintenance.

• Due to its versatility, aesthetic appeal, cost-effectiveness and availability, concrete ischanging the face of the world.

• Engineers are making Concrete their materialof choice.

CriteriaCriteria forfor selectionselection ofof constructionconstructionmaterialsmaterials onon thethe basisbasis ofof ServiceabilityServiceability• Serviceability refers to the conditions under which a

building is still considered useful.• By using serviceable materials we are able to provide

cost effective solutions in industries.• The solid materials can cause structural failures.

Defects arise mainly causes in raw materials andmanufacturing processes.

• When materials are selected for practical purposes,preference is given to the Materials that does not havetendency to contain defects and those that can toleratethem without failing prematurely.

• Materials should be properly tested before use.

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Classification of Construction MaterialsClassification of Construction Materials1) Natural Construction Materials

2) Artificial Construction Materials

3) Special Construction Materials

4) Finishing Construction Materials

5) Recycled Construction Materials

Classification of Construction MaterialsClassification of Construction Materials

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