ORC Heat-to-Power Systems: Thoughts on Codes, Standards and Regulations

© 2014 Concepts ETI, Inc. All rights reserved.

ORC HEAT-TO-POWER SYSTEMS: THOUGHTS ON CODES,

STANDARDS, AND REGULATIONS

2nd Meeting of the ASME IGTI ORC Power Systems Committee Technical Subcommittee on Standards and Regulations

ASME Turbo Expo 2014 CCD Congress Center | Düsseldorf, Germany

Tuesday, June 17, 2014, 6 to 8 PM CET

Keith D. Patch ORC Product Manager Concepts NREC (CN )

+1 (781) 937- 4616 [email protected]

2 © 2014 Concepts ETI, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright Statement

The material in this presentation is covered by various copyrights, including copyright © 2014 by Concepts ETI, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language or computer language, in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual or otherwise—without prior written permission from Concepts ETI, Inc., 217 Billings Farm Road, White River Jct., Vermont 05001, USA. Portions of this volume may require permissions of individuals associated with organizations other than Concepts ETI, Inc.


CN is a 50 year-old company, with ≈100 employees 72 patents granted, 19 patents pending 39 employees have advanced college

degrees ORC engineering experience: from the

early 1970s to the present time

Keith D. Patch is a 25+ year veteran of the energy field Waste heat recovery, fossil fuels,

biomass, fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, and nuclear instrumentation

Residential-, commercial-, industrial-, and utility-scale

Introduction

Typical CFD Turbine Analysis Results


We need to plan our effort to develop required ORC codes, standards, and regulations

Why? Today, every country has their own codes, standards, and

regulations that apply to ORC components and systems It makes sense to unify these disparate regulations

A few generally applicable international standards exist ISO, IEC, International Fire Code, etc.

A few related international standards exist ISO 27.040: gas and steam turbines; steam engines

No international standards exist for ORC components or systems

Problem Statement


Initially focus on standards/regulations for ORC system components Valves, pumps, heat exchangers, expanders, etc.

Next focus on equipment standards/regulations for ORC subsystems Subsystem = expander + heat exchangers + pump + piping

• Might not include heat source and cooling source supplies Two types of standards/regulations

• Equipment • Performance determination

Next focus on equipment standards/regulations for complete, installed ORC systems System = expander + heat exchanger + pump + piping + heat source +

cooling source Two types of standards/regulations

• Equipment • Performance determination

Potential ORC Workgroup Direction


Draft complete list of necessary codes and standards Components, subsystems, and complete systems

Investigate adopting generally applicable international standards Electrical, mechanical, fire safety, safety, etc.

Investigate modifying related international standards Modify ISO 27.040 steam turbine and steam engine standards to

meet ORC requirements? Investigate modifying related national standards

If no international standard is available If the national standard is more applicable to ORC systems

Write new ORC standards Borrowing from existing standards, as appropriate

Suggested Outline of Work


Perhaps select a basis similar to ISO gas turbine standards Single operating point – with corrections?

Perhaps select a specific number of operating points? Various heat source temperatures? Various heat sink temperatures?

Perhaps compare performance as a percentage of Carnot efficiency?

Comments?

ORC Subsystem and System Performance Thoughts


CSA B52-05 – Mechanical Refrigeration Code Piping, pressure relief valve locations, etc.

ANSI/UL (IEC) 60335-2-34, Standard for Household and Similar Electrical Appliances, Part 2: Particular Requirements for Motor-Compressors Including hermetic refrigerant motor-compressors

EU Directive 96/61/EC – Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) The IPPC Directive Specifies “Best Available Techniques” (BAT)

Examples


ISO 817:2014 – Refrigerants – Designation and Safety Classification

2008 Hydrocarbon Working Fluid (Propane) Explosion/

Fire in New Zealand

Our industry has to avoid undesirable events and publicity


Problem statement: what we need to do as a workgroup Potential ORC workgroup direction

Components, subsystems then complete systems Suggested outline of work

Make a list Adopt, modify, write new

Examples given of codes, standards, and regulations Bottom line, we do not want to have to adhere to steam

boiler code requirements

Summary

Engineering

ORC Heat-to-Power Systems: Thoughts on Codes, Standards and Regulations