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EYE MONITORED WHEEL CHAIR
Under the Esteemed Guidance of
SRI R.V.SREEHARI M.E.,
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ,DEPT OF E.C.E
BATCH MEMBERS:
K Guru Prasad Reddy (129Y5A0410)
P Sudheer (119Y1A0479)
S Prasanna Kumar (119Y1A0492)
P Gopi (119Y1A0483)
G Sabareesh Goud (129Y5A0406)
KSRM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,KADAPA
CONTENTS:
1:INTRODUCTION
2:DESIGN OVERVIEW
3:SOFTWARE DESIGN
4:HARDWARE DESIGN
5:MECHANICAL DESIGN
6:TESTING AND RESULTS
7:CONCLUSIONS
INTRODUCTION:
Many people are suffering from
quadriplegia around the world,
which affects their four limbs.
So we made a project called eye
monitored wheel chair movement
which makes their life easy
We take the advantage of their
ability to move their head.
We use laptab webcam to
capture their head movements
by that the wheel chair can be
moved to desired direction.
DESIGN OVERVIEW:
• Eye detection can be done by MATLAB script which is running on the
laptab which has inbuilt webcam.
• MATLAB puts one digit like 0,1,2 on COM port based on the eye
movements
• ATMega 32A is used to drive motors as per user desire direction like
left,right,straight based on signals send by matlab
SOFTWARE DESIGN:
Initialization of COM port for serial communication.
Capturing of image for every 25th frame.
Changing image from RGB to gray level and
enhancing the image.
Detection of the person’s eye in image using viola-
jones algorithm.
Detection of the eye movement by comparing the
present position of eye with previous position.
Placing one digit data on the COM port based on the
eye movements.
(A) MATLAB COMPONENT
Code developed in AVR
studio.
Hex file generated using
AVR studio.
Hex file dumped into
Microcontroller using
extreme burner software
(B) FIRMWARE DESIGN
HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
(A)DESCRIPTION OF MICRO CONTROLLER ATMEGA 32A
• ATMega 32A is a 8-bit microcontroller having 40 pins
• ATMega 32A has a 32 Programmable I/O Lines
• ATMega 32A has a programmable USART
• ATMega 32A can operate over 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM Write/Erase cycles.
(B) EXPLANATION OF USART:
USART is acronym of Universal Synchronous/
Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter.
It can be program as per our desire by setting
USART status and control registers.
We use asynchronous mode and the BAUD rate
can be set to 9600 by using UBRR register.
At receivng side UDR acts as dual buffer.
USART can operate in receiving mode or
transmitting mode by enabling RXEN or TXEN of
USCRB register
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF USART
MECHANICAL DESIGN
Metal Chassis – It is flat metal body which resembles wheel chair
DC motors – Two DC motors are used having 200 RPM
Wheels – Two types of wheels. One is castor wheel and other is plastic wheel(two wheels)
WHEEL CHAIR PROTO TYPE
HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION
Block diagram of project
(A) MICRO CONTROLLER-CP2102
INTERFACING
CP2102
CP2102 is a interfacing device between computer
and microcontroller
CP2102 carry one digit data put on COM port by
MATLAB using RS-232 standard
It also converts RS-232 voltage levels into TTL
voltage levels
CP2102 has RXD,TXD,DTR,VBUS,GND,3V3 pins
RS-232 STANDARD
RS-232 standard has 1 start bit,8 data bits, 1 parity bit
and 1 or 2 stop bits
RS-232 has +12v volts for logic 1 and -12v for logic 0
(B) MICROCONTROLLER – DC MOTORS
INTERFACE
To interface MCU with
motors we use L293D
IC.
Based on the input
data output pins are
enabled.
Dc motors rotate based
on the logic levels at
IN1,IN2,IN3,IN4 of
L293D
LOGIC LEVELS AND WHEEL CHAIR
DIRECTION
h
TESTING AND RESULTS
PROJECT KIT
Testing strategy – x, y, length, height of valid eye are displayed on the debug screen.
Speed of execution – This is the limitation of our project. We can take image for every 15th
frame but cannot process at that speed.
Accuracy – can get almost 86% accuracy with coordinates of eye that are set in threshold limits
SAFETY FEATURES
Controlled speed of detection and wheel chair drive.
Eye height and width threshold.
Controlled movement in either direction for limited time
period.
Less jerk, by incorporating delay in the wheel chair drive.
Halt control using blink detection.
CONCLUSION
System functions at an accuracy of 70 – 90%.
Person’s eye can easily detected by using viola- jonesalgorithm without detecting of things mostly have face like features.
• Lot of work needs to be done before making the product commercially viable.
• Need to work on wheel chair movement when the person is just casually glaring in different directions.
• We can incorporate certain sequences for turning ON and OFF electrical devices or door locks.
• Lot of safety precautions need to be incorporated.
PERFORMANCE
FUTURE MODIFICATIONS
REFERENCES: 1. S. Tameemsultana and N. Kali Saranya, “Implementation of Head and Finger
Movement Based Automatic Wheel Chair”, Bonfring International Journal of Power
Systems
and Integrated Circuits, vol. 1, Special Issue, pp 48-51, December 2011.
2. Manuel Mazo, Francisco J. Rodriguez, Jose L, Lazaro, Jesus Urena, Juan C. Garcia,
Enrique Santiso, Pedro Revenga and J. Jesus Garcia, “Wheelchair for Physically
Disabled
People with Voice, Ultrasonic and Infrared Sensor Control “, Autonomous Robots, vol.2,
no.
3, pp. 203-224 ,Sep 1995.
3. Tabasum Shaikh, Naseem Farheen Sayyed, Shaheen Pathan, “Review of Multilevel
Controlled Wheelchair”, 4th National Conference On Electronic Technologies, pp. 275-
279, April 2013.
4. Motor Controller circuitry –
http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor controller
5. Voila Jones Algorithm -
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola%E2%80%93Jones_object_detection_framework
6. Cascade Object Detector –
http://www.mathworks.com/help/vision/ref/vision.cascadeobjectdetector-class.html
THANK YOU
ANY QUIRIES ???