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Seminar on

“ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD AS CUTTING TOOL”

Submitted to:- Submitted by:- Mr. Gaurav Acharya Piyush Gupta Asst. Professor (Mech) Roll No:- 33 Sgvu, Jaipur B.tech Mechanical 8th sem

SGVU111045563

Content Electromagnetic Field

Electromagnetic Pulse

Pulse Generator

As cutting tool

Cutting of Hollow Profiles Using Electromagnetic Fields

Principle Cutting of Hollow Profiles

Kinds of Magnetic Field for cutting

Principle of IMC for Cutting

Cutting Process

Application

Advantage and Disadvantage of Magnetic impulse cutting

Electromagnetic Field

An electromagnetic field (also EMF or EM field) is a physical field produced by electrically charged object.

The field can be viewed as the combination of an electric field and a magnetic field. The electric field is produced by stationary charges, and the magnetic field by moving charges (currents).

The electromagnetic field extends indefinitely throughout space and describes the electromagnetic interaction.

Electromagnetic Pulse

The new method is based on electromagnetic pulse technology (EMPT), which was previously used primarily to expand or neck aluminum tubes. We’ve modified it to cut even hard steels.

Whereas a laser takes around 1.4 seconds to cut a hole, EMPT can do the job in approximately 200 milliseconds.

So this method is up to seven times faster and it produces no burr, thus doing away with the need for a finishing process.

Pulse Generator It comprise a coil, a capacitor battery, a charging device and high-

current switches. When the switch closes, the capacitors discharge via the coil within a matter of microseconds, producing a high pulsed current.

The coil converts the energy stored in the capacitors into magnetic energy. To be able to use this process to cut steel, the researchers simply had to modify the coil to ensure the resulting electromagnetic field is strong enough the pressure with which the field hits the steel must be so high that it forcibly expels the material from the sheet.

The impact pressure on the steel is approximately 3,500 bar, which equates to the weight of three small cars on a single fingernail.

As cutting tool

For considering the bodywork on motor vehicles must be sufficiently stable, but processing the high-strength steels involved – for example punching holes in them – can prove something of a challenge. A new steel-cutting process will save time, energy and money in the future.

By this method Struggling to pierce the hard steel, mechanical cutting tools rapidly wear out. And because they also leave some unwanted material on the underside of the steel (burr, as the experts call it), additional time has to be spent on a finishing process and more better than laser as cutter to save time and energy.

Cutting of Hollow Profiles Using Electromagnetic Fields Blanking is one of the most used manufacturing methods. Almost every workpiece made of steel metal needs at least one cutting operation .

Hollow profiles are difficult to cut by means of blanking, especially if there is a complex cutting geometry. Laser cutting method normally applied for such parts but as we know that in practical cutting of parts, which were made hydro-forming.

Magnetic impulse cutting (MIC) has compared to lasers are more complex.

Principle Cutting of Hollow Profiles

Cutting using pulse magnetic field, pulse discharge from pulse generator into a coil, which generates an electromagnetic field. This primary current Is sinusoidal damped and the first half-wave appears in about 50µs depending on the pulse generator and the coil. It include the secondary current into the workpiece, which opposed to the primary current of the coil. The electromagnetic fields of these two current repel each others, which provide the require force to from the workpiece.

Kinds of Magnetic Field for cutting There are three different kinds of magnetic fields :-

1. Tube expansion has to be mentioned:- coil is cylindrical and placed inside the workpiece to expand.

2. Tube construction with the cylindrical coil and situated around the workpiece to reduce the diameter.

3. Used for sheet metal forming in which planer and spiral coil is applied.

Principle of IMC for Cutting

Cutting Process

The tube formed using an expansion coil. The formed area of the part was placed between the cutting ring and the supporting ring. In this case the cutting energy was adjusted too low for cutting the material in order to show the forming process. The whole cutting process takes about 0.1 ms depending on the pulse generator, the material and coil. The main fact which limits the number of cuts per minute , is the charging time of the capacitors which averages some seconds, depending upon capacitors and the needed energy.

Application

It is an alternate concept for earning diverse advantages

Hollow cutting of material

For reducing cutting times and energy demands

To punching on high strength steel metals

Advantage and Disadvantage of Magnetic impulse cutting

Advantage:-1. There is no heat insertion during the cutting process into the material and thus no

change of material structure occur .

2. Tool with low complexity are used.

3. Only one side of the material has some contact to a hard tool.

4. No additives as oil or gas are needed for the process.

Disadvantage:-5. The pressure with which the field hits the steel must be so high that it forcibly

expels the material from the sheet.

6. The process involved punching holes in them, which is very difficult in construction.

Thank you