Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Electric Power Systems ResearchElectrical Energy Laboratory
Ghent University
Prof. dr. ir. Lieven Vandevelde
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 1
Overview
1. Grid support via power electronic converters
2. Smart microgrids
3. Ancillary services (by wind turbines)
4. CO2 neutrality of business parks
5. Virtual Power Plants
6. Renewable energy: wind and wave energy
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 2
Grid support via power electronic converters
Control of grid-connected converters:
• Power Quality (harmonics, unbalance)
• Ancillary services
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 3
“Damping” control strategy
Injection of highest current in the phase with lowest voltage
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 4
Influence of converter control on distribution network
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 5
Smart microgrids
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 6
Modes of operation:
grid-connected
stand-alone (islanded)
Cluster of:
distributed generation
storage
loads
Smart microgrids
Voltage-based droop control
1. Generators
2. Loads and storage units
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 7
Voltage based droop control strategy
Vg/Vdc-droop control strategy
pag. 8Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory
Voltage based droop control strategy
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 9
Voltage based droop control strategy
• Taking into account characteristics of microgrids
•Low inertia VdcCdc
•Resistive lines P/V link
•Intermittent sources constant-power band
• No communication for primary control
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 10
Voltage based droop control strategy
• Smart transformer: primary control of power exchange
microgrid-distribution grid
• VBD control in grid connected mode:
• Soft curtailment, decrease grid losses
• Avoiding on-off oscillations of DG
• Transition grid-connected – islanded
• Implications on the market – opportunities & constraints
• Protection in microgrids
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 11
Ancillary services (by wind turbines)
• Frequency:• (primary) frequency control
• Inertial response
• Voltage control
• Congestion
• Power Quality
• Stability
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 12
CO2 neutrality of business parks
Secondary control:
e.g. virtual islanded operation (minimisation of exchange
between business park and utility grid)
• Loads
o demand response
• Generators
o deviation from MPP
• Storage
o dedicated storage devices
o buffering (also thermal)
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 13
Virtual Power Plants (VPP)
Aggregation of various distributed generation units into a VPP
Commercial: “Capture the value of flexibility”
Technical: Ancillary services (e.g. congestion management)
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 14
Control of power electronic converters for wind energy:
•Current control
•Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)
Aim: improvement of the efficiency
Wind energy
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 15
Small Wind Turbine Field Laboratory
@ Greenbridge Science Park of Ghent
University, Oostende (B)
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 16
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 17
Wave energy
FlanSeaFlanders Electricity from the Sea
• Wave energy converter for moderate sea climate
• Aim: development of a concept – economic
feasibility
• Consortium: 6 Flemish companies – Ghent
University
• Period: 2010-2013
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 18
Principle• Point absorber
• Bouy – anchor on seabed
• Vertical movement -> rotation
of the winch
• Full Electrical Power Take-Off
(PTO)
• Intelligent control: optimal
power extraction
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 19
From lab to sea…
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 20
Projects:• INCREASE (FP7) – www.project-increase.eu
Increasing the Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources in
the Distribution Grid by Developing Control Strategies and
Using Ancillary Services
• WINDUR (FP7-SME) – www.project-windur.euSmall Wind Turbine for Urban Environments
• SWIFT: Smart Wind Farm Control
• OptiWind: Serviceability Optimisation of the Next
Generation Offshore Wind Turbines
• M2E2S: Multiscale Modelling of Electrical Energy Systems
• ACE - www.ace-low-carbon-economy.eu
Electric Power Systems Research
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture – Electrical Energy Laboratory 21
Prof. dr. ir. Lieven Vandevelde
Dr. ir. Tine Vandoorn
Dr. ir. Bart Meersman
Electrical Energy Laboratory
Dept. of Electrical Energy, Systems and Automation
Ghent University
Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 913, 9052 Gent, Belgium
www.ugent.be/ea/eesa
Contact
