SCIENCEASSIGNMENT :

DRILLING MACHINE

SUBMITTED TO: MR. VIRAT KHANNASUBMITTED BY:

(ASST. PROFESSOR)VIKAS SHARMA

B.TECH [M.E.]MAU13UME057

DRILLING MACHINE

A DEVICE, USUALLY MOTOR-DRIVEN, FITTED WITH AN END CUTTING

TOOL THAT IS ROTATED WITH SUFFICIENT POWER EITHER TO CREATE A

HOLE OR TO ENLARGE AN EXISTING HOLE IN A SOLID MATERIAL.

IT IS THE SIMPLEST AND ACCURATE MACHINE USED IN PRODUCTION

SHOP.

THE WORK PIECE IS HELD STATIONARY MEANS, CLAMPED IN POSITION

AND THE DRILL ROTATES TO MAKE A HOLE.

PARTS OF DRILLING MACHINES VICE

IS A MECHANICAL APPARATUS USED TO SECURE AN OBJECT TO ALLOW WORK TO BE PERFORMED ON IT. VISES HAVE TWO PARALLEL JAWS, ONE FIXED AND THE OTHER MOVABLE, THREADED IN AND OUT BY A SCREW AND LEVER.

SPINDLE

THE SPINDLE HOLDS THE DRILL OR CUTTING TOOLS AND REVOLVES IN A FIXED POSITION IN A SLEEVE.

SLEEVE

THE SLEEVE OR QUILL ASSEMBLY DOES NOT REVOLVE BUT MAY SLIDE IN ITS BEARING IN A DIRECTION PARALLEL TO ITS AXIS. WHEN THE SLEEVE CARRYING THE SPINDLE WITH A CUTTING TOOL IS LOWERED, THE CUTTING TOOL IS FED INTO THE WORK: AND WHEN IT’S MOVED UPWARD, THE CUTTING TOOL IS WITHDRAWN FROM THE WORK. FEED PRESSURE APPLIED TO THE SLEEVE BY HAND OR POWER CAUSES THE REVOLVING DRILL TO CUT ITS WAY INTO THE WORK A FRACTION OF AN MM PER REVOLUTION.

COLUMN

THE COLUMN IS CYLINDRICAL IN SHAPE AND BUILT RUGGED AND SOLID. THE COLUMN SUPPORTS THE HEAD AND THE SLEEVE OR QUILL ASSEMBLY.

HEAD

THE HEAD OF THE DRILLING MACHINE IS COMPOSED OF THE SLEEVE, A SPINDLE, AN ELECTRIC MOTOR AND FEED MECHANISM. THE HEAD IS BOLTED TO THE COLUMN.

WORKTABLE

THE WORKTABLE IS SUPPORTED ON AN ARM MOUNTED TO THE COLUMN. THE WORKTABLE CAN BE ADJUSTED VERTICALLY TO ACCOMMODATE DIFFERENT HEIGHTS OF WORK OR IT CAN BE SWUNG COMPLETELY OUT OF THE WAY. IT MAY BE TILTED UP TO 90 DEGREE IN EITHER DIRECTION, TO ALLOW LONG PIECES TO BE END OR ANGLE DRILLED.

BASE

THE BASE OF THE DRILLING MACHINE SUPPORTS THE ENTIRE MACHINE AND WHEN BOLTED TO THE FLOOR, PROVIDES FOR VIBRATION-FREE OPERATION AND BEST MACHINING ACCURACY. THE TOP OF THE BASE IS SIMILAR TO THE WORKTABLE AND MAY BE EQUIPPED WITH T- SLOT FOR MOUNTING WORK TOO LARGER FOR THE TABLE.

THESE MACHINES ARE USED IN MAINTENANCE FOR MEDIUM DUTY WORK OR THE WORK THAT USES LARGE DRILLS THAT REQUIRE POWER FEED LARGER WORK PIECES ARE USUALLY CLAMPED DIRECTLY TO THE TABLE OR BASE USING T –BOLTS AND CLAMPS BY A SMALL WORK PLACES ARE HELD IN A VISE. A DEPTH –STOP MECHANISM IS LOCATED ON THE HEAD, NEAR THE SPINDLE, TO AID IN DRILLING TO A PRECISE DEPTH.

TYPES OF DRILL MACHINES PORTABLE DRILLING MACHINE

BENCH TYPE DRILLING MACHINE

SENSITIVE DRILLING MACHINE

1.BENCH MOUNTING

2.FLOOR MOUNTING

UPRIGHT DRILLING MACHINE

1.ROUND COLUMN SECTION

2.BOX COLUMN SECTION

RADIAL DRILLING MACHINE

1.PLAIN

2.SEMIUNIVERSAL

3.UNIVERSAL

GANG DRILLING MACHINE

MULTIPLE SPINDLE DRILLING MACHINE

AUTOMATIC DRILLING MACHINE

DEEP HOLE DRILLING MACHINE

1.VERTICAL

2.HORIZONTAL

Portable drilling machine

A PORTABLE DRILLING MACHINE IS A SMALL COMPACT IN

CONSTRUCTION AND USED FOR DRILLING HOLES IN WORK PIECES IN ANY

POSITION, WHICH CAN’T BE DRILLED BY A STANDARD DRILLING MACHINE.

THIS MACHINE MAY BE DRIVEN BY BOTH AC AND DC POWER SUPPLY OR

BY AIR PRESSURE.

IT OPERATES AT VERY HIGH SPEED AND DRILLS UP TO 12MM IN DIAMETER.

Sensitive Drilling Machine IT IS A SMALL BENCH TYPE MACHINE USED FOR DRILLING SMALL

HOLES.

IT IS VERY SPEED MACHINE.

THE WORK PIECE IS MOUNTED ON THE TABLE AND DRILL IS FED

INTO THE WORK BY HAND CONTROL.

THE SMALLEST DIAMETER WHICH MAY BE DRILLED ID 0.35MM

AND LARGEST DIAMETER IS 15.5MM.

DEPENDING ON THE MOUNTING OF THE BASE OF MACHINE THESE MAY BE

CLASSIFIED AS

1. BENCH MOUNTED DRILLING MACHINE

2. FLOOR MOUNTED DRILLING MACHINE

Upright Drilling Machine THIS MACHINE IS LARGER AND HEAVIER THAN A SENSITIVE DRILLING MACHINE.

THE SPINDLE IS PROVIDED WITH NUMBER OF SPEEDS AND FEEDS FOR DRILLING DIFFERENT SIZES OF HOLES IN DIFFERENT

TYPES OF WORK.

THE FEED CLUTCH IS AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLLED.

UPRIGHT DRILLING MACHINE ARE AVAILABLE IN VARIOUS SIZES AND DRILLING CAPACITIES, RANGING UP TO 75MM

DIAMETER DRILLS.

BASED ON THE CONSTRUCTION, THERE ARE TWO GENERAL

TYPES OF UPRIGHT DRILLING MACHINE

1. ROUND COLUMN TYPE DRILLING MACHINE

2. BOX COLUMN TYPE DRILLING MACHINE

Radial Drilling Machine THIS IS LARGEST OF ALL DRILLING MACHINES HAVING

SINGLE SPINDLE.

IT CAN ALSO BE RADIALLY ADJUSTED AROUND THE COLUMN

IN ANY POSITION OVER THE WORK TO GET DIFFERENT SIZE AND

SHAPES OF THE WORK.

THE MOVEMENTS MAY BE EITHER MANUAL OR POWER DRIVEN,

THE TABLE IS ALSO BE ROTATED THROUGH 360 DEGREE.

A WIDE RANGE OF POWER FEEDS ARE AS WELL AS SENSITIVE

AND GEARED MANUAL FEEDS.

IT IS USED FOR DRILLING MEDIUM TO LARGE AND HEAVY WORK PIECES.

TYPES OF RADIAL DRILLING MACHINE:

1.PLAIN RADIAL DRILLING MACHINE

2.SEMI UNIVERSAL DRILLING MACHINE

3.UNIVERSAL DRILLING MACHINE

Multiple Spindle Drilling Machine

THIS MACHINE IS USED IN CASE WHERE A NUMBER OF HOLES TO BE DRILLED

SIMULTANEOUSLY.

THE TABLE IS RAISED OR LOWERED TO ARCHIVE FEEDING MOTION.

THE CENTRE DISTANCE BETWEEN SPINDLES CAN BE ADJUSTED AS REQUIRED.

THESE MACHINE ARE MOSTLY VERTICAL TYPE.

Gang Drilling Machine

IT CONSIST OF A NUMBER OF SINGLE SPINDLE DRILLING MACHINE COLUMNPLACED SIDE BY SIDE. THEY ARE MOUNTED ON A COMMON BASE.

IN A TYPICAL MACHINE SIX OR FOUR SPINDLES ARE ARRANGED.

THIS MACHINE IS GENERALLY USED FOR MASS PRODUCTION WORK.

IT FINDS APPLICATION IN STRAIGHT LINE. MULTIPLE HOLES DRILLING IN CASTINGS, PLATES AND STEEL SECTIONS.

Automatic drilling Machine

THESE ARE USED FOR VERY FAST PRODUCTION.

THE WORK IS TRANSFERRED FROM ONE UNIT TO ANOTHER AUTOMATICALLY.

THESE MACHINE HAVE SINGLE OR MULTIPLE SPINDLES IN HORIZONTAL, VERTICAL OR ANGULAR POSITIONS IN VARIOUS COMBINATION ON A SPECIAL TYPE OF BASE.

Deep Hole Drilling Machine

IT IS USED FOR MAKING HOLES WHERE THE LENGTH OF HOLES EXCEEDS THREE TIMES THE DRILL SIZE.

IT IS OPERATED ON A HIGH SPEED AND LOW FEED.

DURING OPERATION THE WORK IS ROTATED WHILE DRILL IS FED INTO WORK. IN SOME MACHINES BOTH DRILL AND WORK ARE ROTATED FOR ACCURATE LOCATION.

THE MACHINE MAY BE VERTICAL OR HORIZONTAL TYPE WITH SINGLE OR MULTIPLE SPINDLES.

IT IS OF 2 TYPES

1. HORIZONTAL

2. VERTICAL

Radial Drilling Machine

A RADIAL ARM DRILL PRESS IS A LARGE GEARED HEAD DRILL PRESS IN WHICH THE HEAD CAN BE MOVED ALONG AN ARM THAT RADIATES FROM THE MACHINE'S COLUMN.

IT IS MUCH FASTER TO REPOSITION THE DRILL HEAD THAN IT IS TO UNCLAMP, MOVE, AND THEN RE-CLAMP THE WORK PIECE TO THE TABLE.

IT IS OF 3 TYPES

1.PLAIN

2.SEMIUNIVERSAL

3. UNIVERSAL

Application of Drilling Machine UNDERGROUND MINING

SURFACE MINING

DRILLING

COUNTER BORING

BORING

COUNTERSINKING

SPOT FACING

TAPPING

TREPANNING

UNDERCUTTING

REAMING

Advantages HIGH PRECISION AND ACCURACY.

REQUIRE LESS LABOR.

ACCURATE DIMENSION CAN BE OBTAIN JUST BY KNOWING THE

COORDINATES AND DISTANCE BETWEEN THE TWO REFERENCE POINTS.

ROBUSTNESS AGAINST EXTERNAL FORCE AND ERROR ACCUMULATION.

Disadvantages THE COORDINATE MEASURING MACHINE ARE VERY COSTLY.

THE (CMM) ARE LESS PORTABLE.

IF THE OPERATION SOFTWARE CRACKS DOWN IT IS DIFFICULT TO RESTART THE

ENTIRE SYSTEM.

IT NEED TO CONSTRUCT SOME FEATURE ON ITS OWN AS SOME PARTS OF THE

WORK PIECE ARE UNREACHABLE BY THE PROBE.