Chemical Process Principles-I

Material Balances

Overview of Chemical Process Principles- I - Material Balances

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 1

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 2

Overview

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 3

Overview of Chemical Process Principles- I - Material

Balances

Units

Basis

Mole

Properties of Compounds & Mixtures

Problem Solving Techniques

Stoichiometry

The Material Balance Equation

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 4

Units

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 5

Units

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 6

Units

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 7

Units

Base Units - Cannot be defined in terms of other units

Multiple Units - Multiples of base units

Derived Units - Defined in terms of base units

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 8

Conversion

Factors

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 9

Conversion Factors

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 10

Conversion Factors

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 11

Conversion Factors

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 12

Mole

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 13

Mole

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 14

Mole

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 15

Mole

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 16

Mole

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 17

Mass & Mole Fractions

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 18

Molar Composition

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 19

Molar Composition

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 20

Basis

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 21

Basis

Basis is a reference chosen by you

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 22

Basis

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 23

Basis

We can Change the basis if we need to find multiple variables

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 24

Properties of Compounds &

Mixtures

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 25

Properties of Compounds & Mixtures

Density, Sp Gravity, Sp Volume, Melting Points, Boiling Points

Perry’s Handbook

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 26

Problem Solving Techniques

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 27

Problem Solving Techniques

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 28

Problem Solving Techniques

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 29

Problem Solving Techniques

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 30

Stoichiometry

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 31

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry Deals with combining weights of elements and compounds

Stoichiometric Ratios are obtained by dividing the numerical coefficients in the chemical

equation

From these ratios we can calculate No. of moles of one substance as related to the no of

moles of another substance

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 32

Stoichiometry

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 33

Stoichiometry

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 34

Stoichiometry

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 35

Stoichiometry

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 36

Stoichiometry

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 37

Stoichiometry

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 38

Stoichiometry

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 39

Stoichiometry

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 40

Stoichiometry

Selectivity

Yield

Limiting reactant

Excess Reactant

Percent Conversion

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 41

The Material Balance Equation

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 42

The Material Balance Equation

Law of Conservation of mass

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 43

The Material Balance Equation

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 44

The Material Balance Equation

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 45

The Material Balance Equation

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 46

The Material Balance Equation

Steady State System – Accumulation = 0

Non Reactive Process – Generation= Consumption= 0

Closed System – Input= Output= 0

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 47

The Material Balance Equation

Differential Balance = defines the system at that very INSTANT

All quantities are defined in rates [g/s, lb/hr]

Used for continuous processes

Integral Balance = Defines the system between two instants of time

All quantities are defined in amounts [g, hr]

Used for batch processes

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 48

Material Balance Problem

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 49

Defining Boundary of the System

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 50

The Material Balance Equation

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 51

The Material Balance Equation

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 52

The Material Balance Equation

Steady State = accumulation=0

No reaction = Generation = Consumption = 0

Material balance Equation

Input=Output

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 53

The Material Balance Equation

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 54

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 55

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 56

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 57

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 58

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 59

Thank You For Your Attention

Prepared by Raja Wajahat 60