Watermarking Techniques

Applicable to the HEVC Standard

INTRODUCTION

Generations of Video Coding Standards

Applicability Analysis of Digital watermarking Methods on the Next Generation Video Coding Standard

PhD Student: Ali Abdulhafid Elrowayati

Supervisor: Dr. Mohammad Faiz Liew Bin Abdullah

The objective of this paper is to investigate the applicability of existing

digital watermarking methods in this new Standard.

The HEVC Video Coding still an open area of research in the field of

video watermarking.

The High efficiency video coding (HEVC) is the newest video coding

scheme and was issued in January 2013 by the ITU-T and ISO/IEC.

The wide range of video applications, easy access to video content and

the possibility to make unlimited copies without loss of considerable

fidelity have motivated the need to protect this content.

Main Units of Watermarking

Providing a

security method

with higher

efficiency coding

is a priority

demand.

HEVC Encoder Block Diagram

Option 1• Before encoding: Spatial domain techniques which based on the

coding tree unit structure.

Option 2

• After quantization: Frequency domain techniques which based on thetransform unit structure and quantization parameters.

Option 3

• During entropy coding: Bit-stream domain techniques which based onthe entropy unit structure.

Option 4

• During encoding process: Special techniques which based on motionvectors modification.

Watermarking Method DomainApplicability in

HEVC

Least Significant Bit Spatial/Frequency √

Variable Length Coding Entropy Coding √

3D DFT Frequency ×

DWT- DFT-SVD Frequency ×

2D DCT – Free error Frequency √

Real-Time Model Spatial/Frequency √

Human Visual System Model Spatial/Frequency √

Table1. Summary of recent selected watermarking techniques versus applicability used in HEVC

Classification of watermarking techniques based on HEVC coding:-

Objective data hiding performance evaluation (a) PSNR vs. bit-rate and (b) Capacity vs. bit-rate

In this paper, recent developments have been reviewed in the area of

applicability of watermarking methods for a new Standard HEVC. The

results of this study provide motivation for future works to modify and

apply existing digital watermarking methods to HEVC and achieve a

higher embedding capacity and higher compression performance

compared to H.264/AVC especially, for low bit-rate coding.

CONCLUSION