Technical Seminar

on

Guide:

Pro. SHRAVAN KUMAR

Presented By:

NANDAKISHOR

Context

Introduction

Technology used

Dalvik vs ART

Project volta

Material design

Features

Kit kat vs Android Lollipop

Advantages

Limitations

Future Scope

Conclusion

INTRODUCTION

Android “Lollipop” or simply “Android L” is the latest

version of the Android mobile operating system developed

by Google , spanning versions between 5.0 and 5.1.

One of the most prominent changes in the Lollipop release

is a redesigned user interface built around a design

language reffered to as "material design".

Other changes include improvements to the notifications.

Google also made internal changes to the platform, with

the Android Runtime (ART) officially replacing Dalvik for

improved application performance.

Android Runtime (ART) is an application run time environment used by

the Android mobile operating system.

Android Runtime replaces Dalvik.

ART brings improvements in performance, garbage collection, applications

debugging and profiling.

To maintain backward compatibility, ART uses the same input bytecode as

Dalvik, supplied through standard .dex files as part of APK files, while

the .odex files are replaced with Executable and Linkable Format (ELF)

executables.

Once an application is compiled by using ART's on-device dex2oat utility,

it is run solely from the compiled ELF executable.

With no need for JIT compilation, the code should execute much faster.

It doesn't hit the CPU as hard as just-in-time code compiling on Dalvik

(also results in less battery drain).

Fig: ART architecture

Dalvik

Uses Just-In-Time (JIT) approach,

which results in lower storage

space consumption but longer app

load times.

Cache builds up over time, so

boot times are faster.

Works better for lower internal

storage devices as space occupied

is lesser.

Is stable and time tested – VM of

choice for app developers.

ART

Uses Ahead-Of-Time (AOT) approach,

which compiles apps when they’re

installed, resulting in faster load times

and lower processor usage.

Cache is built at first boot, hence

rebooting device takes significantly

longer.

Consumes much more internal storage.

Is highly experimental and new – not a

lot of support from app developers yet.

Used to emphasizes improvements in battery life:

1. Scheduling jobs

2. Developer tools for battery usage

Android 5.0 provides a new Job Scheduler API that lets you optimize

battery life by defining jobs for the system to run asynchronously.

Start when charging / wifi / unmetered network/ idle / deadline or

minimum delay.

The app has a number of tasks that you want to run as a batch on a regular

schedule.

The new dumpsys batterystats command generates interesting statistical

data about battery usage on a device, organized by unique user ID (UID).

The statistics include:

History of battery related events.

Global statistics for the device.

Approximate power use per UID and system component.

Per-app mobile ms per packet.

System UID aggregated statistics.

App UID aggregated statistics.

it is a design with increased use of grid-based layouts, responsive

animations and transitions, padding, and depth effects such as lighting and

shadows.

PRINCIPLES

Material is the metaphor.

Bold, graphic, intentional.

Motion provides meaning.

Tap And Go

Multiple device compatibility

Prioritize your apps

Jump to app setting

Deal with notifications from lock screen

Pinn apps

Predict battery life

Add trusted device

Chrome cast more quickly

Hang a ‘do not disturb’ sign

Get back your apps after reboot etc etc…

Holo vs Material Design

• This is the single most visible difference between the two versions of Android.

Holo, introduced way back in Android 3.0.

Lock screen

• From personal unlocking to notifications and quick settings accessible from the

lock screen, Lollipop has it all at your fingertips. While KitKat had a camera

shortcut on the lock screen, Lollipop goes one better and adds a dialer shortcut

too.

Setting menu

• Again, the big change here is from dark to light, with Lollipop opting for a

light gray Roboto font with green icons on a white ground, compared to the

white on black with blue highlights of Holo-designed KitKat.

Battery life

• Battery life is improved and better than kitkat due to Project Volta .

Security

• KitKat didn't bring much new to the table in this respect, but it worked well

enough. Android Lollipop's big advance is going to be about making security

more convenient, and it will do this using two methods: Android Wear and

your current location.

Notifications• Notifications have been Android's strong suit since day one, and Google is

making them even better in Android Lollipop. The big change here is that

they're being integrated into the lock screen.

• Ex : In Kit Kat a call would totally interrupt whatever activity you were

involved in where as in Android Lollipop, events such as these will pop up

at the top of the screen.

Runs Multiple Apps at the Same Time.

Keeps Information Visible on Your Home

Screen.

Lets You Change Your Settings Faster.

Does Google and Social Integration.

Lets You Choose Your Hardware.

Gives You Better Notifications.

The code is pre-compiled at install time, so the

Installation process takes a bit longer time.

Battery drainage, getting heat up when connected for charging.

Wi-fi – signal strength is weak in some devices.

Google may launch another version of Android that starts ‘M’.

More future development of wristwatches, digital camera and other

devices with Android OS.

Advanced media support, multi touch, multi tasking, voice based

features.

Some innovative and new features with new version.

Android lollipop(5.0) introduces a new design language, Material Design

and makes apps easier

Google also made internal changes to the platform, with the ART officially

replacing Dalvik for improved application performance, and optimize

battery usage.

We hope that the next versions of android have overcome the actual

limitations and that the future possibilities became a reality and may this

software is also developed to use in PC’s also.

With Android L, Google makes pitch for enterprise users". Computerworld.

IDG. Retrieved June 26, 2014.

Official android blog, Retrieved March 2015.

"A Closer Look at Android RunTime (ART) in Android L". AnandTech.

Retrieved July 2014.

www.android.com

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