Welcome to MY

presentation

Md.Azmeri Latif Beg142-32-257

Topic NameApplication of Textiles

in Agriculture

Agro Textile:

• “Bangladesh is an Agricultural country. Agriculture is the backbone of our country” went the saying so far. But do you know that “Textile can be the backbone of Agriculture?” A textile fabric has a long history of application in agriculture. The word "agro textiles" now is used to classify the woven, nonwovens and knitted fabrics applied for agricultural & horticultural uses.

Contents

Introduction

Classification of agrotextiles

Benefits of agrotextiles

Fiber used for agrotextilesCharacteristics of agrotextiles

General property requirement of agrotextiles:

Techniques of producing agro textile products

Application of agrotextiles

Conclusion

Lafarge's valuesIntroduction:Agro textiles are now days extensively being used in horticulture, farming and other agricultural activities. Agriculture and textiles are the largest industries in the world providing basic needs such as food and clothing. The usage of agro textiles will be benefited in terms of products with enhanced quality, higher yields fewer damages and bearable losses. It also permits as to use lower quantities of weed killers and pesticides.

Classification of AgrotextilesAgrotextiles can be classified according to areas of applications. These areas are broadly identified as:1. Agrotextiles for crop production.2. Agrotextiles for horticulture, floriculture and forestry.3. Agrotextiles for animal husbandry and aqua culture.4. Agrotextiles for agro engineering related applications.Benefits of applying agrotextilesAgro-textiles can be used inside greenhouses as well as in the open air, to keep areas safe and tidy. Agro-textiles improve plant growth and crops in the orchards. Used mainly in planted areas, they provide weed suppression and ground moisture conservation, whilst allowing roots to breathe and water, air and nutrients to permeate through. This reduces upkeep, maintains higher soil temperatures and promotes more rapid and even plant growth. It is favoured by many leading landscape architects for its unrivalled performance, quality and price. Apart from these applications, agro-textiles are widely used in agriculture, industries, homes and many other areas. The benefits of agrotextiles are as follows:a) Increase crop productionb) Avoid the soil from drying outc) Decrease the requirement of fertilizers, pesticides and water

Fibers Used for Agro Textiles:

There is use of synthetics as well as natural fibers in agro textiles. Fiber used in agro textiles are as follows: • Nylon• Polyester• Polyethylene• Polyolefin• Polypropylene• Jute• WoolAmong all these fibers the Polyolefin is extensively used where as among natural jute and wool is used it not only serve the purpose but also after some year it degrades and act as the natural fertilizer.Coir is having a very high potentiality in agro textile application. Its moisture retention capability and high wet strength has been excellent and the characteristic has been made use extensively in agro textile applications.

Characteristics of agrotextilesThe chief characteristics of agrotextiles used for agriculture and horticulture are as follows:a) Resistance to micro-organismsb) Withstand solar radiationc) Withstand ultraviolet radiationsd) Bio-degradablee) High potential to retain waterf) Protection property.General Property Requirement of Agrotextiles:The properties required for agro textiles are:Weather resistance- It must work effectively in cold as well as hot climatic conditions.Resistance to microorganisms-It must resistant to microorganism to protect the living being.Stable construction-The construction must be such that it must be stable for any applicationLightweight-The weight of the fabric should be such that it will bare by the plant.

Withstands Solar RadiationAgro textiles are laid over the cultivated areas immediately after sowing or planting. For such application Agrotextiles has to withstand solar radiation with varying surrounding temperature.

Withstands Ultraviolet RadiationPolyethylene is resistant to radiation in the visible range. But UV radiation leads to degradation of molecular chains. Good potential to reduce the impact of UV radiation on plants by light-absorbing or light-reflecting nonwovens (light permeability: 80 to 90% to allow photo synthesis to take place).

Bio DegradabilityNatural fibers like wool, jute, cotton are also used where the bio-degradability of product is essential. Natural polymer gives the advantage of bio-degradation but has low service life when compared to the synthetics.

High Potential To Retain WaterThis is achieved by means of fiber materials which allow taking in much water and by filling in super-absorbers. While nonwovens meant for the covering of plants show a mass per unit area of 15 to 60 gm/m2, values between 100 and 500 g/m2 are reached with materials for use on embankments and slopes.

Protection PropertyProtection from wind and the creation of a micro-climate between the ground and the nonwovens, which results in temperature and humidity being balanced out. At the same time, temperature in the root area rise. This is what causes earlier harvests. Sufficient stiffness, flexibility, evenness, elasticity, bio-degradability, dimensional stability and resistance to wetness.

TECHNIQUES OF PRODUCING AGRO TEXTILE PRODUCTS

• Several techniques of fabric production can be used to produce Agro textiles; each method offers specific advantages for particular product. The techniques are,• Woven• Knitting• Nonwoven Techniques of producing agrotextile products

• Different techniques are available for making agrotextile products and each method offers specific advantages for particular product. The techniques are – weaving,, knitting and nonwoven.

• Weaving and woven products• Woven products are manufactured by using weaving machines especially Sulzer

projectile weaving machines. The range of light to heavy and wide width fabric production is possible with Sulzer projectile weaving machine.

• Knitting• Warp knitting technique is most widely used in comparison to weft knitting.

Warp knitted protective nets are used in different sectors, which are produced on Raschel machines. Agronets are produced in various constructions.

Nonwovens

• Nonwoven fabrics can be manufactured by various techniques such as – needle punching, spun bonding, thermal bonding, spunlacing, etc. Spun bonding and needle punching techniques are widely used for the production of nonwoven agrotextiles.There are many techniques to produce Nonwoven fabrics. • Needle-punched nonwovens• Stitch-bonded nonwovens• Thermally bonded nonwovens• Hydro entangled nonwovens• Spun bonded nonwovens • Wet nonwovens

• Spun bonding and needle punch techniques are mainly used for the production of nonwoven Agrotextiles. The spun bonded fabric has high and constant tensile strength in all directions. It has also good tearing strength.

Applications Of Agro Textiles

Wide varieties of agro textile products are available and the selection of suitable type of products depends on the protection that the crop. Selection of the agro textile is greatly influenced by the geographical location. At some location Agrotextiles are used to protect the plantation from excessive sunlight while at some places it is expected to protect plant from cold. Therefore selection of agro textile is done as per the location and the desired protection from the external agencies. With the use of high quality agro textiles quality and yield of agro products can be enhanced.

Some of the applications of agro textiles are as follows:• Sunscreens • Turf protection net• Monofil nets • Bird protection net • Tape nets • Plant net • Root ball nets • Cherry covers • Ground cover • Insect meshes • Nets for covering pallets • Windshield • Packing materials for agricultural products

1.Hail protection: 

• Hail protection fabrics helps shield vines from the fruit damage and defoliation associated with hail yet still lets through plenty of sunlight.

2.Wind protection Fabrics: • Trees that are protected from wind are generally healthier, reach full

growth more rapidly, and have higher yield. Wind Break Fabrics protect crops from wind and, in some cases, orchard temperatures can be increased by reducing wind speed.

3.Soil Covers or landscape Covers or Weed protection fabrics:The relevant parameters for an agro textile, used as soil cover, will be determined based on laboratory tests and field experiments.

• 4.Shade Fabrics:• Shade fabric absorbing 90% of sunlight.• It is made from 100% polypropylene monofilament strands.• It is UV stabilized to hold up under the most extreme solar conditions.• It can be used for a variety of applications: wind and privacy screen,

shading for sportsand recreation.

• Knitted Sunshade cloth is made from 100%

UV stabilized polyethylene.• Its unique lock stitch construction allows customers the ability to cut

the fabric with scissors without further unraveling.• 5. Insect Repellent Fabrics:

Various pests like Whitefly, scale insects attack some ornamental plants and vegetables frequently. The fabrics of such kind are stretched across the open-air plantations so that the pests can no longer get to the plants and also the climate will not be disturbed in any way.

• 6. Sun Screen ProtectionIn order to protect fields and greenhouses from the intense solar radiation for healthily plant growth and good harvest, sunscreen nets with open mesh construction are used to control sunshine and amount of shade required.

• 7. Bird Protection Net

Open -mesh net fabrics are used as a means of protecting fruit plantation crops and vegetables from flocks of birds. Plantation area is covered from top and side to stop the birds from getting into the fields.

• 8. Plant Net

Fruits, which grow close to the ground, can be kept away from the damp soil by allowing them to grow through vertical or tiered nets in order to keep the amount of decayed fruit to a minimum.

• 9. Nets For Covering Pallets For safe transportation of fruits and vegetable to the market individual boxes are collected into larger units and these boxes are covered with wide, large mesh nets on pallets to stop the boxes being turned upside down or squashing each other. This prevents damage to goods during transportation.

• 10.Packing Materials For Agricultural Products Nets can be used in the form of sacks, bags and tubes for packaging of farm products for many end uses. It includes:. Packing sacks for vegetables.. Tubular packing nets for fruits Net structures are preferred because of their high strength, low weight transparency, air permeability and cheapness. The pressure exerted on soft fruits is very less because of the use of flat tape yarns. Desired open-mesh structure can be produced.

• 11. Insect Meshes• Fine, woven, meshes which resist insect penetration• Clear, woven, and knitted, polyethylene monofilament meshes to exclude

harmful insects from greenhouses and tunnels, or to keep pollinating insects inside. The fine woven screens protect plants from insect attack (without the use of insecticides). Insect meshes can also be placed over the openings of greenhouses to prevent pollinating insects, such as bumblebees, from escaping.

•   12.Leno bags• Vegetable and fruits kept in leno bags remain fresh and do not rot• Leno bag is light in weight and durable• Air can pass through the bag• With attractive packing product can be seen• Life of crop increases• Minimize the crop loss• Bag can be printed and branded• The crop does not give foul smell and Does not get affected by chemicals

• 13.Green house• Built with latest technology• Supervised and constructed by highly professional team• Constructed with high quality material and expertise• Can build highly ventilated tunnel type, single span & multi-span greenhouse• Technical team available throughout for any assistance and help• 14.Greenhouse covering• There is a wide range of covering materials available in the market, farmers need to select the

best material for their specific need based on:• • Geographical location

• Type of plants• Frequency and force of prevailing winds• Irrigation and fertilization practices

• The greenhouses provide growers with the potential to modify the environment in which plants are grown. This includes conditions necessary for growing crops (temperature, light, humidity, water and air movement) and the conditions to better manage pests and diseases.

• Greenhouse coverings can be divided into four groups:• Glass• Plastic sheeting• Plastic films• Protective screen fabricsThis article will discuss now about the protective screen fabrics.

• 15.Anti-insect nets• Made of high tensile strength round monofilaments• UV stabilized for many years use• Transparent• Lightweight and easy to install• Strong tucked-in selvedges• Advantages• Superior blockage of small insect: thrips, whitefly, etc.• Optimal ventilation• Reduced expenditure on pesticides and chemicals• Improved plant yield and quality• Higher output per unit area• Better quality of products• Protection against climatic damages such as: wind, rain, extra sun radiation, hail and frost• Fast and easy installation• 16.Crop covers• Agro Textiles can be used very successfully by small and large farmers alike including for

kitchen gardening. They are ideal when healthy seedlings and plants need protection from pests, insects and other environmental factors and where both quality and yield need to be improved.(Lettuce, Carrots, Tomatoes, Radishes, Cauliflower, Potatoes, Spinach, Leeks, etc.)

• Applications of coir in agricultural textiles• Mulch Blankets:• Basket Liners:• Bio-Rolls:• Roof Greening Mats:• Grow Sticks:• Coco Logs:• Grow Media:

Coir is having a very high potentiality in agro textile application. Its moisture retention capability and high wet strength has been excellent and the characteristic has been made use extensively in agro textile applications.

Improvement Now a day’s Textile products are playing very vital role in agriculture for climatic condition and production point of view. Agricultural textiles for its excellent environmental resistance, mechanical properties, easy Process ability and environmental durability characteristics, can improve the quantity and quality and safety of agricultural products, agriculture, resource security, agro‐ecological environmental security, the market competitiveness of products play an important role, as well as the textile industry to achieve structural adjustment of the special priority to the development of products. Agro textiles prevent the soil from drying out thereby increasing the crop yield, and improving product quality. Such textiles protect the farmer from harmful pesticides. Agro textile products like shade netting and thermal screens enable a saving of 40% on energy used for heating greenhouses. Farmers have also found that use of agro textiles brings about improvement in the quality of fruit, uniformity of color and prevent staining. As we are not using pesticides and herbicides, pollution in environment will be negligible.

Conclusion Agro textile plays a significant role to help control environment for

crop production, eliminate variations in climate, weather change and generate optimum condition for plant growth. Thus, the need of textile goods in the field of agriculture has been stressed and their role in the reduced usage of harmful pesticides and herbicides to render a healthy farming culture underlined. Unique manufacturing techniques and properties of this blend of agro-textile sector products whose cost is lesser than that of pesticides and chemical herbicides have been emphasized. Textiles prove to be flexible in their suitability for specific geographical locations. So now it is our turn, to carefully and beautifully shape this infant technology, to contribute to the nation's economy.

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