YALE- TULANE ESF-8 SPECIAL REPORT

Winter Storm Juno ndash New England

CURRENT SITUATION

MASSACHUSETES ndash RHODE ISLAND

MAINE

NEW HAMPSHIRE - MAINE

VERMONT ndash NEW HAMPSHIRE

CONNECTICUT

Blizzard Warning ndash New England

26 January 2015

NOAA Connecticut State Information From IWIN Maine State Information From IWIN Massachusetts State Information From IWIN New Hampshire State Information From IWIN Rhode Island State Information From IWIN Vermont State Information From IWIN NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE National Weather Service Winter Weather Safety and Awareness National Weather Service Boston Massachusetts National Weather Service Burlington Vermont National Weather Service Gray Maine National Weather Service Caribou Maine WINTER STORM PREPAREDNESS ARC ndash Winter Storms American Academy of Pediatrics Winter Storm Tips Federal Emergency Management Agency Winter Storms and Extreme Cold

HEALTH CDC ndash Winter Weather Occupational Safety and Health Administration Tips to Protect Workers in Cold Environments Extreme Cold A Prevention Guide to Promote Your Personal Health and Safety

CONNECTICUT CT EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT amp HOMELAND SECURITY

FACEBOOK TWITTER CT DEPT OF PUBLIC HEALTH CT VOAD CT STATE MITIGATION PLAN - 2013 CT EMERGENCY OPERATION PLAN MAINE EMERGENCY MANAAGEMENT

FACEBOOK TWITTER PUBLIC HEALTH ME VOAD ME STATE MITIGATION PLAN ndash 2013 ME EMERGENCY OPERATION PLAN

MASSACHUSETTS EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

FACEBOOK TWITTER MASS HEALTH AND HUMAN SVC MA VOAD MA STATE MITIGATION PLAN ndash 2013 MA EMERGENCY OPERATION PLAN

NEW HAMPSHIRE HS amp EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

FACEBOOK TWITTER HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES READY NEW HAMPSHIRE NH VOAD NH STATE MITIGATION PLAN ndash 2013 NH EMERGENCY OPERATION PLAN

RHODE ISLAND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

FACEBOOK TWITTER RI DEPT OF HEALTH CENTER FOR PREPAREDNESS RI VOAD SERVE RI RI STATE MITIGATION PLAN ndash 2014 RI EMERGENCY OPERATION PLAN

VERMONT EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

FACEBOOK TWITTER VERMONT ALERT PUBLIC HEALTH VT VOAD VT STATE MITIGATION PLAN ndash 2013 VT EMERGENCY OPERATION PLAN

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

HEALTH RISKS

Weather Projections

Winter Storm Juno

Winter Storm Juno will transform from a clipper-type system which brought a few inches of snow to the Midwest Sunday into a major coastal storm late Monday into Tuesday as it intensifies rapidly just off the Atlantic coast The heaviest snowfall amounts from Juno are expected from far eastern Pennsylvania and New Jersey to New England Parts of eastern and southern New England including Boston Providence Rhode Island and Portland Maine have the potential to see 2 feet of snow Locally more than 2 feet of snow may fall particularly in eastern Massachusetts The snow will be accompanied by blizzard or near-blizzard conditions Snowfall rates of 2 to 4 inches per hour are not out of the question during the peak of the storm Monday night into Tuesday Thunder and lightning could also accompany the heavy snow

httpwwwweathercomstormswinternewswinter-storm-juno-blizzard-boston-nyc-new-england

Winter Storm Juno

Winter Storm Juno will transform from a clipper-type system which brought a few inches of snow to the Midwest Sunday into a major coastal storm late Monday into Tuesday as it intensifies rapidly just off the Atlantic coast The heaviest snowfall amounts from Juno are expected from far eastern Pennsylvania and New Jersey to New England Parts of eastern and southern New England including Boston Providence Rhode Island and Portland Maine have the potential to see 2 feet of snow Locally more than 2 feet of snow may fall particularly in eastern Massachusetts The snow will be accompanied by blizzard or near-blizzard conditions Snowfall rates of 2 to 4 inches per hour are not out of the question during the peak of the storm Monday night into Tuesday Thunder and lightning could also accompany the heavy snow

httpwwwweathercomstormswinternewswinter-storm-juno-blizzard-boston-nyc-new-england

Wind

Sustained winds will likely be 20 to 40 mph in a large area with gusts up to 55 mph Even higher winds are expected in eastern Massachusetts including Cape Cod Nantucket and Marthas Vineyard where gusts of 70+ mph are possible Hurricane force wind warnings are in effect for portions of the near shore waters around Cape Cod and the nearby islands Seas could exceed 25 feet and winds could gust over 80 mph over water making this an extremely dangerous storm for mariners Vessels should remain in port

Tuesday 12 am Forecast Tuesday 12 am wind and snow forecast Darker shades of blue correspond to heavier snow

Tuesday 6 am Forecast Tuesday 6 am wind and snow forecast Darker shades of blue correspond to heavier snow

Tuesday 12 pm Forecast Tuesday 12 pm wind and snow forecast Darker shades of blue correspond to heavier snow

Weather Channel ndash 26 JAN 2015

Coastal Flooding Threats

Winds will pile up water from the Atlantic Ocean and result in coastal flooding Storm surge flooding will generally be 2 to 4 feet from the Mid-Atlantic to New England with the highest values the farther north you go along the coast The worst flooding will be in the early morning hours before sunrise on Tuesday Major coastal flooding is possible in Massachusetts Chatham Revere Winthrop Beach Hull Scituate and Sandwich will see the biggest flood impacts A coastal flood warning is in place Moderate coastal flooding is expected along the Connecticut Maine New Hampshire and Rhode Island coasts Huge waves will likely lead to beach erosion and freezing spray from the crashing waves could lead to significant ice accumulations on buildings and other objects along the immediate shoreline in parts of New England These waves will also combine with the storm surge to worsen structural damage along exposed east-facing coastlines especially in Massachusetts

httpwwwweathercomstormswinternewswinter-storm-juno-blizzard-boston-nyc-new-england

Vermont ndash New Hampshire

bull The Vermont Emergency Operations Center will open at Partial Activation starting at noon today to monitor the storm and assist towns that may need resources Staff from other pertinent state agencies will be activated if needed

bull The National Weather Service has issued a Winter Storm Warning for Rutland Orange and all counties to the south for this afternoon and tonight There is also a Winter Weather Advisory for Addison Washington Caledonia and Essex counties Cold temperatures will also continue

Southern New Hampshire and Maine

Maine

httpswwwfacebookcomNWSCaribou

bull Blizzard warnings are now in effect from 4 am Tuesday through 4 am Wednesday for the Down East region Winter storm warnings are in effect for the remainder of the area from late tonightearly Tuesday morning though 1 pm Wednesday

bull A coastal flood warning and storm warnings are now in effect from late tonight through early Wednesday morning along the coast

bull The highest snowfall totals will be across Down East Maine where totals of 15 to 20 inches are expected with local amounts as high as 2 feet There will be significant blowing and drifting snow so it will likely be nearly impossible in many areas to measure the exact amount of snow that falls This will be a very high impact storm especially across Down East Maine The snowfall amounts will drop off to 8 to 14 inches across northern Maine from around Houlton north

bull The storm will gradually wind down during the day Wednesday with dry and seasonably cold weather for Wed night and Thursday Another storm may affect the region Friday with more snow

Southern New Hampshire and Maine

Maine

httpswwwfacebookcomNWSCaribou

bull Blizzard warnings are now in effect from 4 am Tuesday through 4 am Wednesday for the Down East region Winter storm warnings are in effect for the remainder of the area from late tonightearly Tuesday morning though 1 pm Wednesday

bull A coastal flood warning and storm warnings are now in effect from late tonight through early Wednesday morning along the coast

bull The highest snowfall totals will be across Down East Maine where totals of 15 to 20 inches are expected with local amounts as high as 2 feet There will be significant blowing and drifting snow so it will likely be nearly impossible in many areas to measure the exact amount of snow that falls This will be a very high impact storm especially across Down East Maine The snowfall amounts will drop off to 8 to 14 inches across northern Maine from around Houlton north

bull The storm will gradually wind down during the day Wednesday with dry and seasonably cold weather for Wed night and Thursday Another storm may affect the region Friday with more snow

Maine

httpswwwfacebookcomNWSCaribou

bull Blizzard warnings are now in effect from 4 am Tuesday through 4 am Wednesday for the Down East region Winter storm warnings are in effect for the remainder of the area from late tonightearly Tuesday morning though 1 pm Wednesday

bull A coastal flood warning and storm warnings are now in effect from late tonight through early Wednesday morning along the coast

bull The highest snowfall totals will be across Down East Maine where totals of 15 to 20 inches are expected with local amounts as high as 2 feet There will be significant blowing and drifting snow so it will likely be nearly impossible in many areas to measure the exact amount of snow that falls This will be a very high impact storm especially across Down East Maine The snowfall amounts will drop off to 8 to 14 inches across northern Maine from around Houlton north

bull The storm will gradually wind down during the day Wednesday with dry and seasonably cold weather for Wed night and Thursday Another storm may affect the region Friday with more snow

Massachusetts and Rhode Island

httpswwwfacebookcomNWSBostonphotosa17831923892912242608122106561217057751632308264476type=1amptheater

Connecticut

The storm has the potential to bring about 15 to 30 inches to areas of the state by Tuesday night into Wednesday morning

Blizzard warnings in effect for

bull Fairfield CT

bull Hartford CT

bull Litchfield CT

bull Middlesex CT

bull New Haven CT

bull New London CT

bull Tolland CT

bull Windham CT

Coastal Flood Watch

raquo Fairfield CT

raquo Middlesex CT

raquo New Haven CT

raquo New London CT

Gov Dannel Malloy will activate the State Emergency Operations Center in Hartford beginning at 4 pm on Monday

httpwwwnbcconnecticutcomnewslocalPossible-Coastal-Storm-Could-Bring-Noreaster-289682371html

Safety Precautions

Safety Preparations

Hypothermia Exposure Frostbite Exertion Wind Shill Orthopedic injuries Heart Attack

Delays Inability to Evacuate Access to care prohibitive CO2 Poisoning Burns Chronic Disease Exasperation Sanitation Dehydration

Acute Respiratory Infections Dehydration Chronic Disease Exasperation Communicable Diseases

Winter Storm

Environmental

Infrastructure

Socio-Economic

Extreme Cold Temperatures

Ice

Structural damage

Loss of Transportation

Networks

Fire

Displacement

Loss of Shelter

Loss Utilities

Loss of Access To FoodWater

Government

Emergency Services Overwhelmed

Health Impacts From Winter Storm

Snow

Freezing Rain

High Winds

Services

Command and Control

Info - Communication

Coordination

SAFETY ndash COLD EXPOSURES INJURY CAUSE SYMPTOM PREVENTION

HYPOTHERMIA bull Hypothermia occurs when heat loss is greater than heat production This can occur suddenly such as during partial or total immersion in cold water or over hours or days such as during extended operations or survival situations

bull Hypothermia may occur at temperatures above freezing especially when a personrsquos skin or clothing is wet

bull Vigorous shivering is typically present Shivering may decrease or cease as core temperature continues to fall

bull Onset of hypothermia is typically associated with the so-called ldquoumblesrdquo the grumbles mumbles stumbles and fumbles that increase as cold affects muscle and nerve function

bull Symptoms of hypothermia consist of confusion sleepiness slurred speech shallow breathing weak pulse low blood pressure change in behavior andor poor control over body movementsslow reactions

The keys to preventing hypothermia are layering clothing and staying dry Remember the acronym COLD bull Keep It Clean bull Avoid Overheating bull Wear it Loose and in Layers bull Keep it Dry Layers can be removed as ambient tem

FROSTBITE bull Exposure to below freezing temperatures (lt32degF) causing freezing of skin fingers toes ears and facial parts

bull Exposure of skin to metal super cold fuel and POL (petroleum oil lubricants) wind chill and tight clothing particularly boots

bull Riding in open vehicles exposure to propellerrotor-generated wind running or skiing and altitude exposure where there is little tree cover can all contribute to greater windchill

bull Numbness in affected area bull Tingling blistered swollen or tender areas bull Pale yellowish waxy-looking skin (grayish in

dark-skinned soldiers) bull Frozen tissue that feels wooden to the touch bull Significant pain after rewarming

bull Monitoring air temperature and wind speed and using the windchill index is the only way to determine the relative risk of frostbite

bull Use contact gloves to handle all equipment never use bare hands

bull Use approved gloves to handle all fuel and POL (petroleum oil lubricants) products

bull Avoid cotton clothing which holds perspiration in cold-weather environments

bull Keep face and ears covered and dry bull Keep socks clean and dry bull Avoid tight socks and boots

CHILBLAIN

bull Continuous or repeated exposure of skin to coldwet weather conditions at temperatures below 50 degF for more than 1-5 hours

Chilblain lesions are swollen tender itchy and painful With re-warming the skin becomes swollen red (or darkening of the skin in dark-skinned soldiers) and hot to the touch An itching or burning sensation may continue for several hours after exposure Early diagnosis of chilblains becomes evident when symptoms do not resolve with re-warming

bull Use contact gloves to handle all equipment never use bare

hands bull Use approved gloves to handle all fuel and POL (petroleum

oil lubricants) products In extreme cold environments do not remove clothing immediately after heavy exertion (PT) wait until you are in a warmer location

bull Avoid cotton clothing which holds perspiration in cold-weather environments

IMMERSION FOOT (TRENCH FOOT)

bull Prolonged (gt12 hrs) exposure of tissue especially the feet to wet cold and conditions at 32degF to 60degF Inactivity and damp socks and boots (or tightly laced boots that impair circulation) speed onset and sever

bull Cold numb feet that may progress to hot with shooting pains

bull Swelling redness and bleeding may become pale and blue

bull Accompanied by aches increased pain sensitivity and infection

bull Keep feet clean and dry change wet or damp socks as soon as possible

bull Wipe dry the inside of Vapor Barrier boots dry at least once per day or more often as feet sweat

bull Dry leather boots by stuffing with paper towel

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning After an Emergency

CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) IS AN ODORLESS COLORLESS GAS THAT CAN CAUSE SUDDEN ILLNESS AND DEATH IF INHALED When power outages occur during emergencies such as hurricanes or winter storms the use of alternative sources of fuel or electricity for heating cooling or cooking can cause CO to build up in a home garage or camper and to poison the people and animals inside

EVERY YEAR MORE THAN 400 PEOPLE DIE IN THE U S FROM ACCIDENTAL CO POISONING CO is found in combustion fumes such as those produced by small gasoline engines stoves generators lanterns and gas ranges or by burning charcoal and wood CO from these sources can build up in enclosed or partially enclosed spaces People and animals in these spaces can be poisoned and can die from breathing CO

HOW TO RECOGNIZE CO POISONING Exposure to CO can cause loss of consciousness and death The most common symptoms of CO poisoning are headache dizziness weakness nausea vomiting chest pain and confusion People who are sleeping or who have been drinking alcohol can die from CO poisoning before ever having symptoms

Safety Preparations

Hypothermia Exposure Frostbite Exertion Wind Shill Orthopedic injuries Heart Attack

Delays Inability to Evacuate Access to care prohibitive CO2 Poisoning Burns Chronic Disease Exasperation Sanitation Dehydration

Acute Respiratory Infections Dehydration Chronic Disease Exasperation Communicable Diseases

Winter Storm

Environmental

Infrastructure

Socio-Economic

Extreme Cold Temperatures

Ice

Structural damage

Loss of Transportation

Networks

Fire

Displacement

Loss of Shelter

Loss Utilities

Loss of Access To FoodWater

Government

Emergency Services Overwhelmed

Health Impacts From Winter Storm

Snow

Freezing Rain

High Winds

Services

Command and Control

Info - Communication

Coordination

SAFETY ndash COLD EXPOSURES INJURY CAUSE SYMPTOM PREVENTION

HYPOTHERMIA bull Hypothermia occurs when heat loss is greater than heat production This can occur suddenly such as during partial or total immersion in cold water or over hours or days such as during extended operations or survival situations

bull Hypothermia may occur at temperatures above freezing especially when a personrsquos skin or clothing is wet

bull Vigorous shivering is typically present Shivering may decrease or cease as core temperature continues to fall

bull Onset of hypothermia is typically associated with the so-called ldquoumblesrdquo the grumbles mumbles stumbles and fumbles that increase as cold affects muscle and nerve function

bull Symptoms of hypothermia consist of confusion sleepiness slurred speech shallow breathing weak pulse low blood pressure change in behavior andor poor control over body movementsslow reactions

The keys to preventing hypothermia are layering clothing and staying dry Remember the acronym COLD bull Keep It Clean bull Avoid Overheating bull Wear it Loose and in Layers bull Keep it Dry Layers can be removed as ambient tem

FROSTBITE bull Exposure to below freezing temperatures (lt32degF) causing freezing of skin fingers toes ears and facial parts

bull Exposure of skin to metal super cold fuel and POL (petroleum oil lubricants) wind chill and tight clothing particularly boots

bull Riding in open vehicles exposure to propellerrotor-generated wind running or skiing and altitude exposure where there is little tree cover can all contribute to greater windchill

bull Numbness in affected area bull Tingling blistered swollen or tender areas bull Pale yellowish waxy-looking skin (grayish in

dark-skinned soldiers) bull Frozen tissue that feels wooden to the touch bull Significant pain after rewarming

bull Monitoring air temperature and wind speed and using the windchill index is the only way to determine the relative risk of frostbite

bull Use contact gloves to handle all equipment never use bare hands

bull Use approved gloves to handle all fuel and POL (petroleum oil lubricants) products

bull Avoid cotton clothing which holds perspiration in cold-weather environments

bull Keep face and ears covered and dry bull Keep socks clean and dry bull Avoid tight socks and boots

CHILBLAIN

bull Continuous or repeated exposure of skin to coldwet weather conditions at temperatures below 50 degF for more than 1-5 hours

Chilblain lesions are swollen tender itchy and painful With re-warming the skin becomes swollen red (or darkening of the skin in dark-skinned soldiers) and hot to the touch An itching or burning sensation may continue for several hours after exposure Early diagnosis of chilblains becomes evident when symptoms do not resolve with re-warming

bull Use contact gloves to handle all equipment never use bare

hands bull Use approved gloves to handle all fuel and POL (petroleum

oil lubricants) products In extreme cold environments do not remove clothing immediately after heavy exertion (PT) wait until you are in a warmer location

bull Avoid cotton clothing which holds perspiration in cold-weather environments

IMMERSION FOOT (TRENCH FOOT)

bull Prolonged (gt12 hrs) exposure of tissue especially the feet to wet cold and conditions at 32degF to 60degF Inactivity and damp socks and boots (or tightly laced boots that impair circulation) speed onset and sever

bull Cold numb feet that may progress to hot with shooting pains

bull Swelling redness and bleeding may become pale and blue

bull Accompanied by aches increased pain sensitivity and infection

bull Keep feet clean and dry change wet or damp socks as soon as possible

bull Wipe dry the inside of Vapor Barrier boots dry at least once per day or more often as feet sweat

bull Dry leather boots by stuffing with paper towel

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning After an Emergency

CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) IS AN ODORLESS COLORLESS GAS THAT CAN CAUSE SUDDEN ILLNESS AND DEATH IF INHALED When power outages occur during emergencies such as hurricanes or winter storms the use of alternative sources of fuel or electricity for heating cooling or cooking can cause CO to build up in a home garage or camper and to poison the people and animals inside

EVERY YEAR MORE THAN 400 PEOPLE DIE IN THE U S FROM ACCIDENTAL CO POISONING CO is found in combustion fumes such as those produced by small gasoline engines stoves generators lanterns and gas ranges or by burning charcoal and wood CO from these sources can build up in enclosed or partially enclosed spaces People and animals in these spaces can be poisoned and can die from breathing CO

HOW TO RECOGNIZE CO POISONING Exposure to CO can cause loss of consciousness and death The most common symptoms of CO poisoning are headache dizziness weakness nausea vomiting chest pain and confusion People who are sleeping or who have been drinking alcohol can die from CO poisoning before ever having symptoms

Hypothermia Exposure Frostbite Exertion Wind Shill Orthopedic injuries Heart Attack

Delays Inability to Evacuate Access to care prohibitive CO2 Poisoning Burns Chronic Disease Exasperation Sanitation Dehydration

Acute Respiratory Infections Dehydration Chronic Disease Exasperation Communicable Diseases

Winter Storm

Environmental

Infrastructure

Socio-Economic

Extreme Cold Temperatures

Ice

Structural damage

Loss of Transportation

Networks

Fire

Displacement

Loss of Shelter

Loss Utilities

Loss of Access To FoodWater

Government

Emergency Services Overwhelmed

Health Impacts From Winter Storm

Snow

Freezing Rain

High Winds

Services

Command and Control

Info - Communication

Coordination

SAFETY ndash COLD EXPOSURES INJURY CAUSE SYMPTOM PREVENTION

HYPOTHERMIA bull Hypothermia occurs when heat loss is greater than heat production This can occur suddenly such as during partial or total immersion in cold water or over hours or days such as during extended operations or survival situations

bull Hypothermia may occur at temperatures above freezing especially when a personrsquos skin or clothing is wet

bull Vigorous shivering is typically present Shivering may decrease or cease as core temperature continues to fall

bull Onset of hypothermia is typically associated with the so-called ldquoumblesrdquo the grumbles mumbles stumbles and fumbles that increase as cold affects muscle and nerve function

bull Symptoms of hypothermia consist of confusion sleepiness slurred speech shallow breathing weak pulse low blood pressure change in behavior andor poor control over body movementsslow reactions

The keys to preventing hypothermia are layering clothing and staying dry Remember the acronym COLD bull Keep It Clean bull Avoid Overheating bull Wear it Loose and in Layers bull Keep it Dry Layers can be removed as ambient tem

FROSTBITE bull Exposure to below freezing temperatures (lt32degF) causing freezing of skin fingers toes ears and facial parts

bull Exposure of skin to metal super cold fuel and POL (petroleum oil lubricants) wind chill and tight clothing particularly boots

bull Riding in open vehicles exposure to propellerrotor-generated wind running or skiing and altitude exposure where there is little tree cover can all contribute to greater windchill

bull Numbness in affected area bull Tingling blistered swollen or tender areas bull Pale yellowish waxy-looking skin (grayish in

dark-skinned soldiers) bull Frozen tissue that feels wooden to the touch bull Significant pain after rewarming

bull Monitoring air temperature and wind speed and using the windchill index is the only way to determine the relative risk of frostbite

bull Use contact gloves to handle all equipment never use bare hands

bull Use approved gloves to handle all fuel and POL (petroleum oil lubricants) products

bull Avoid cotton clothing which holds perspiration in cold-weather environments

bull Keep face and ears covered and dry bull Keep socks clean and dry bull Avoid tight socks and boots

CHILBLAIN

bull Continuous or repeated exposure of skin to coldwet weather conditions at temperatures below 50 degF for more than 1-5 hours

Chilblain lesions are swollen tender itchy and painful With re-warming the skin becomes swollen red (or darkening of the skin in dark-skinned soldiers) and hot to the touch An itching or burning sensation may continue for several hours after exposure Early diagnosis of chilblains becomes evident when symptoms do not resolve with re-warming

bull Use contact gloves to handle all equipment never use bare

hands bull Use approved gloves to handle all fuel and POL (petroleum

oil lubricants) products In extreme cold environments do not remove clothing immediately after heavy exertion (PT) wait until you are in a warmer location

bull Avoid cotton clothing which holds perspiration in cold-weather environments

IMMERSION FOOT (TRENCH FOOT)

bull Prolonged (gt12 hrs) exposure of tissue especially the feet to wet cold and conditions at 32degF to 60degF Inactivity and damp socks and boots (or tightly laced boots that impair circulation) speed onset and sever

bull Cold numb feet that may progress to hot with shooting pains

bull Swelling redness and bleeding may become pale and blue

bull Accompanied by aches increased pain sensitivity and infection

bull Keep feet clean and dry change wet or damp socks as soon as possible

bull Wipe dry the inside of Vapor Barrier boots dry at least once per day or more often as feet sweat

bull Dry leather boots by stuffing with paper towel

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning After an Emergency

CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) IS AN ODORLESS COLORLESS GAS THAT CAN CAUSE SUDDEN ILLNESS AND DEATH IF INHALED When power outages occur during emergencies such as hurricanes or winter storms the use of alternative sources of fuel or electricity for heating cooling or cooking can cause CO to build up in a home garage or camper and to poison the people and animals inside

EVERY YEAR MORE THAN 400 PEOPLE DIE IN THE U S FROM ACCIDENTAL CO POISONING CO is found in combustion fumes such as those produced by small gasoline engines stoves generators lanterns and gas ranges or by burning charcoal and wood CO from these sources can build up in enclosed or partially enclosed spaces People and animals in these spaces can be poisoned and can die from breathing CO

HOW TO RECOGNIZE CO POISONING Exposure to CO can cause loss of consciousness and death The most common symptoms of CO poisoning are headache dizziness weakness nausea vomiting chest pain and confusion People who are sleeping or who have been drinking alcohol can die from CO poisoning before ever having symptoms

SAFETY ndash COLD EXPOSURES INJURY CAUSE SYMPTOM PREVENTION

HYPOTHERMIA bull Hypothermia occurs when heat loss is greater than heat production This can occur suddenly such as during partial or total immersion in cold water or over hours or days such as during extended operations or survival situations

bull Hypothermia may occur at temperatures above freezing especially when a personrsquos skin or clothing is wet

bull Vigorous shivering is typically present Shivering may decrease or cease as core temperature continues to fall

bull Onset of hypothermia is typically associated with the so-called ldquoumblesrdquo the grumbles mumbles stumbles and fumbles that increase as cold affects muscle and nerve function

bull Symptoms of hypothermia consist of confusion sleepiness slurred speech shallow breathing weak pulse low blood pressure change in behavior andor poor control over body movementsslow reactions

The keys to preventing hypothermia are layering clothing and staying dry Remember the acronym COLD bull Keep It Clean bull Avoid Overheating bull Wear it Loose and in Layers bull Keep it Dry Layers can be removed as ambient tem

FROSTBITE bull Exposure to below freezing temperatures (lt32degF) causing freezing of skin fingers toes ears and facial parts

bull Exposure of skin to metal super cold fuel and POL (petroleum oil lubricants) wind chill and tight clothing particularly boots

bull Riding in open vehicles exposure to propellerrotor-generated wind running or skiing and altitude exposure where there is little tree cover can all contribute to greater windchill

bull Numbness in affected area bull Tingling blistered swollen or tender areas bull Pale yellowish waxy-looking skin (grayish in

dark-skinned soldiers) bull Frozen tissue that feels wooden to the touch bull Significant pain after rewarming

bull Monitoring air temperature and wind speed and using the windchill index is the only way to determine the relative risk of frostbite

bull Use contact gloves to handle all equipment never use bare hands

bull Use approved gloves to handle all fuel and POL (petroleum oil lubricants) products

bull Avoid cotton clothing which holds perspiration in cold-weather environments

bull Keep face and ears covered and dry bull Keep socks clean and dry bull Avoid tight socks and boots

CHILBLAIN

bull Continuous or repeated exposure of skin to coldwet weather conditions at temperatures below 50 degF for more than 1-5 hours

Chilblain lesions are swollen tender itchy and painful With re-warming the skin becomes swollen red (or darkening of the skin in dark-skinned soldiers) and hot to the touch An itching or burning sensation may continue for several hours after exposure Early diagnosis of chilblains becomes evident when symptoms do not resolve with re-warming

bull Use contact gloves to handle all equipment never use bare

hands bull Use approved gloves to handle all fuel and POL (petroleum

oil lubricants) products In extreme cold environments do not remove clothing immediately after heavy exertion (PT) wait until you are in a warmer location

bull Avoid cotton clothing which holds perspiration in cold-weather environments

IMMERSION FOOT (TRENCH FOOT)

bull Prolonged (gt12 hrs) exposure of tissue especially the feet to wet cold and conditions at 32degF to 60degF Inactivity and damp socks and boots (or tightly laced boots that impair circulation) speed onset and sever

bull Cold numb feet that may progress to hot with shooting pains

bull Swelling redness and bleeding may become pale and blue

bull Accompanied by aches increased pain sensitivity and infection

bull Keep feet clean and dry change wet or damp socks as soon as possible

bull Wipe dry the inside of Vapor Barrier boots dry at least once per day or more often as feet sweat

bull Dry leather boots by stuffing with paper towel

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning After an Emergency

CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) IS AN ODORLESS COLORLESS GAS THAT CAN CAUSE SUDDEN ILLNESS AND DEATH IF INHALED When power outages occur during emergencies such as hurricanes or winter storms the use of alternative sources of fuel or electricity for heating cooling or cooking can cause CO to build up in a home garage or camper and to poison the people and animals inside

EVERY YEAR MORE THAN 400 PEOPLE DIE IN THE U S FROM ACCIDENTAL CO POISONING CO is found in combustion fumes such as those produced by small gasoline engines stoves generators lanterns and gas ranges or by burning charcoal and wood CO from these sources can build up in enclosed or partially enclosed spaces People and animals in these spaces can be poisoned and can die from breathing CO

HOW TO RECOGNIZE CO POISONING Exposure to CO can cause loss of consciousness and death The most common symptoms of CO poisoning are headache dizziness weakness nausea vomiting chest pain and confusion People who are sleeping or who have been drinking alcohol can die from CO poisoning before ever having symptoms

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning After an Emergency

CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) IS AN ODORLESS COLORLESS GAS THAT CAN CAUSE SUDDEN ILLNESS AND DEATH IF INHALED When power outages occur during emergencies such as hurricanes or winter storms the use of alternative sources of fuel or electricity for heating cooling or cooking can cause CO to build up in a home garage or camper and to poison the people and animals inside

EVERY YEAR MORE THAN 400 PEOPLE DIE IN THE U S FROM ACCIDENTAL CO POISONING CO is found in combustion fumes such as those produced by small gasoline engines stoves generators lanterns and gas ranges or by burning charcoal and wood CO from these sources can build up in enclosed or partially enclosed spaces People and animals in these spaces can be poisoned and can die from breathing CO

HOW TO RECOGNIZE CO POISONING Exposure to CO can cause loss of consciousness and death The most common symptoms of CO poisoning are headache dizziness weakness nausea vomiting chest pain and confusion People who are sleeping or who have been drinking alcohol can die from CO poisoning before ever having symptoms