Before Christmas

The early Roman Empire celebrated the winter solstice, which is shortest day of the year (usually 21st or 22nd December).

The Romans – before Christianity – worshipped a Persian god called Mithra who was born on 25th December. He was the sun god, or the 'bringer of light'.

His 'rebirth' after the solstice signified the beginning of longer days and more sunlight.

Before Christmas – part 2The Romans celebrated the resurrection of Mithra, the winter solstice, and the god Saturn at the same time. The festival was called Saturnalia and lasted from 17th - 23rd December. It could be celebrated anywhere in Europe, and people ate feasts and exchanged gifts.

When Christianity took over the Roman Empire, they absorbed both festivals and renamed it 'Christ's Mass', or 'Christmas'.

Germanic Pagans had a similar festival called 'Yule'.

ChristmasChristmas in the UKin the UK

Today Christmas is a similar celebration, but usually without the religious aspect. In the UK it is a family event – though younger people now ignore this, and instead they value the presents more. We have forgotten the true history of Christmas.

Some typical things you would see in England at Christmas...

It is very common for children and adults to sing in the streets. You have probably heard some English Christmas carols!

Like the Romans, we also tend to eat a lot of food at Christmas...