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Lecture to students of CMD AMsterdam on why interactive media professionals (designers) need to think about ethics when doing their work.
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Why Interactive Media Professionals Need to Think About Ethics
9 June 2011Charlie Mulholland
Welcome (Or why do bloody designers always change stuff?)
Agenda
• What is ethics?
• Why do interactive media designers* need to think about ethics?
• Some thoughts on how designers might do this
• Why should designers bother?
What is ethics?
Ethical does not always mean “legal”
Source: http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3032/3098344728_6393a0b2b0_b.jpg
Not all unethical behaviour is illegal
Source: http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1397/5103209989_1b80ed5dd4_b.jpg
Not all laws raise really serious ethical issues
Not everything legal is ethical
Ethics is not the same as a moral system
Source:http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3144/3918806912_cd01fdc7d2_b.jpg
Moral systems consist of values (or ideas of the good)
Source: http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2698/4206363731_d405df68fa_b.jpg
“Ethics begins when elements of a moral system conflict” (Deni
Elliot)
The trolley problem 1
You
The trolley problem 2
YouA fat bloke
Community or individual autonomy?
Source: http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3396/3215375530_44dd1cb6f8_b.jpg
Truth or harm?
Transparency or privacy?
Source: http://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/06/08/ico_speaks_to_facebook_on_facial_recognition_tech/
Freedom of ideas or desert?
Ethics is about finding your way through this maze
But why do interactive media designers need to worry about ethics?
Design decisions are based on values
Values in the goal of the artefact
Source: http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3579/3855182335_8c09bc7731_b.jpg§
Values in the quality of the artefact
Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcNeorjXMrE
Source: http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2719/4191632639_8774b0e3d6_o.jpg
Values in the processes used
Values in the actual design decisions
So in effect designers are doing ethics for others
26
Whose idea of what is valuable do/should they use?
Some thoughts on how designers might do this
Use ethical decision models?
…Given the design process probably not!
Examine your own values
Understand different ways of thinking about ethics
Research stakeholders values
Use appropriate tools
Persuasion
Nudges
Scripts
Okay, this is all very well Charlie, but why should we bother?
First the bad news: ethical thinking gives us choices not answers
We may not like any of the choices
But as designers we must choose
Source: http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5007/5262645427_a47dba0232_b.jpg
Doing ethics is inspiring
Source: http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2786/4325390829_dfdaf61030_o.jpg
We can explain our choices to ourselves as designers
Further information
• Reading - Approaches to Ethical Dilemmas– Rechtvaardigheid – Michael J. Sandel (http://www.bol.com/nl/p/nederlandse-
boeken/rechtvaardigheid/1001004007574351/index.html)
• Michael Sandel is an excellent teacher and the above book is based on his lectures at Harvard – you can watch these at http://www.justiceharvard.org/
• Reading - Design Tools:– Persuasive Technology – B.J. Fogg (http://www.bol.com/nl/p/engelse-
boeken/persuasive-technology/1001004000738144/index.html)
– Nudge - Richard H. Thaler & Cass R. Sunstein (http://www.bol.com/nl/p/engelse-boeken/nudge/1001004006450765/index.html)
• Tools– Design With Intent – (http://www.danlockton.com/dwi/Download_the_cards)
Thank you for your attentionTwitter: @charliem5Email c.mulholland@hva,nl
Source: http://farm1.static.flickr.com/72/190169989_308029fa25_b.jpg