Chapter 1Section 2 Notes

Old Stone AgeEarliest period of human history2 million BC-10,000BCIn 1959, Mary and Louis Leakey found pieces

of bone in Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania (the bones belonged to hominids---humanlike primates)

In 1974, Donald Johanson found part of a hominid skeleton in Ethiopia. He named it “Lucy”.

Because of such evidence, many scientists think that the earliest people lived in East Africa

The Leakeys and Olduvai Gorge

Donald Johanson and Lucy

An Early Stone Tool

Early Paleolithic PeopleGot their food by hunting and gatheringNomads---people who move from place to

place in search of foodGlaciers---thick sheets of icePaleolithic people invented clothing to

protect themselves from the cold of the Ice Ages

Early Religious BeliefsAbout 30,000 years ago, people began to

leave evidence of their belief in a spiritual world

Animism---the belief that all objects, dreams, and things have spirits

Early people left art depicting these beliefs (animals in cave paintings)

Toward the end of the Old Stone Age, some people began burying their dead with great care---this suggests a belief in life after death

Cave Paintings

Neolithic Agricultural RevolutionAbout 11,000 years ago, nomadic bands

made a breakthrough that had far-reaching effects

This breakthrough brought about the New Stone Age

First important breakthrough that started the New Stone Age was farming

Second important feature of the New Stone Age was the domestication of animals

Why did agriculture lead to a population growth?Answer: Agriculture produced a more stable

supply of food!!!

Why would New Stone Age people have more property than Old Stone Age People?Answer: People in the New Stone Age didn’t

have to move around all the time (they weren’t nomadic like peoples of the Old Stone Age). Farming led to a constant, stable supply of food and allowed them to live in one area all the time instead of following animals for food.

What is the development stage after farming communities?Answer: Civilizations!!!

The Iceman

The Iceman

The Iceman

The Iceman

The Iceman

The Iceman