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Patrick Hafenstein February 2nd, 2010Taichung
Making Things Better for You!
Way Ahead Overview
Making Things Better for You!
1. Pupil’s Book
2. Pupil’s CD
3. Readers x 3
4. Story Audio CD
5. Workbook
6. Practice Book
7. Teacher’s Book
8. Teacher’s Resource Book
9. Grammar Games CD-ROM
10.www.onestopenglish.com
Learning Vocabulary
Making Things Better for You!
What do you do to help students remember
vocabulary?
DecisionMaking Tasks
ProductionTasks
Games &Activities
But is that how native
speakers learn?
Nagy & Herman (1987) claimed that children between grades three and twelve (US grade levels) learn up to 3000 words a year. It is thought that only a small percentage of such learning is due to direct vocabulary instruction, the remainder being due to acquisition of words from reading.
Language in Context
Making Things Better for You!
Word frequency
Making Things Better for You!
There are approximately 750,000 words in the English Language. The average native speaker knows around 45,000 words. The 2,500 most frequently used words we use 80% of the time. You need around 7,500 words to sound fluent.
What is the goal of language learners?
Making Things Better for You!
RED
BLACK
Top 2500most frequently used words
2501 – 5000most frequently used words
5001 – 7500most frequently used words
tall /adj
sandwich /noun
hobby /noun
Which words are NOT red?
Making Things Better for You!
At the factory, the cotton is first combed, then it is made into long threads. This is called spinning. Some of the threads are dyed blue, then machines are used to weave them with white threads to make cloth. The cloth is called denim.Way Ahead 5 – Unit 8 – Lesson 3
Which words are NOT red?
Making Things Better for You!
At the factory, the cotton is first combed, then it is made into long threads. This is called spinning. Some of the threads are dyed blue, then machines are used to weave them with white threads to make cloth. The cloth is called denim.Way Ahead 5 – Unit 8 – Lesson 3
After reading ‘A Clockwork Orange’ which contains 241 ‘nadsat’ words (invented language) repeated on average 15 times, students were tested on the meaning of these words & the average score was 76%. Students learnt the words from context. Saragi, Nation, Meister (1978)
Language in Context
Making Things Better for You!
Which are NOT red words in the following passage?
Snowy forests increase warming. Planting trees in snowy areas may worsen global warming as their canopies absorb sunlight which wouldotherwise be reflected by the snow, a study says.Scientists have long argued that planting andpreserving forests helps reduce global warming because trees absorb carbon dioxide from theatmosphere and convert it to oxygen. Trees also assimilate water from the ground, helping to form clouds that shield the earth from sunlight.
Source: BBC Online
Snowy forests increase warming. Planting trees in snowy areas may worsen global warming as their canopies absorb sunlight which wouldotherwise be reflected by the snow, a study says.Scientists have long argued that planting andpreserving forests helps reduce global warming because trees absorb carbon dioxide from theatmosphere and convert it to oxygen. Trees also assimilate water from the ground, helping to form clouds that shield the earth from sunlight.
Source: BBC Online
Snowy forests increase warming. Planting trees in snowy areas may worsen global warming as their canopies absorb sunlight which wouldotherwise be reflected by the snow, a study says.Scientists have long argued that planting andpreserving forests helps reduce global warming because trees absorb carbon dioxide from theatmosphere and convert it to oxygen. Trees also assimilate water from the ground, helping to form clouds that shield the earth from sunlight.
Source: BBC Online
2500 5000 7500 Not red
ExtensiveReading large quantities of material or long texts for global or general understanding with the intention of gaining pleasure from the text.
IntensiveReading a text in detail with the intent to understand all structures, lexis and text organisation and at the same time developing reading skills.
Extensive vs. Intensive Reading
Making Things Better for You!
Intensive Reading
Making Things Better for You!
Extensive Reading
Making Things Better for You!
Intensive or Extensive Reading?
1.Teachers designate times for reading.
2.There is a wide variety of materials & topics.
3.Students choose what they want to read & can stop reading whenever interest is lost.
4.Reading is associated with pleasure.
5.Comprehension exercises follow the reading.
6.Reading speed is slow.
7.Teachers are simply a role model & guide.
I
E
E
E
I
I
E
Extensive vs. Intensive Reading
Making Things Better for You!
PlanInstruction
SharedReading
GuidedReading
DevelopLanguage
IndependentReading
Application
Assessment
How do I combine the teaching of Intensive & Extensive Reading?
Making Things Better for You!
Way Ahead Assessment
Making Things Better for You!
Why do we assess
students?
To evaluate progress, identify weaknesses, find out students’ like/dislikes, & see if
teaching objectives have been achieved.
Way Ahead Planning
Making Things Better for You!
With the information obtained from assessment we may need to adjust activities, lesson plans, learning materials, teaching approaches, move students & give feedback or extra attention.
Reading for Pleasure
Making Things Better for You!
As a teacher, your role is to MOTIVATE students to read
and this is the most challenging part of Extensive
Reading Although there are many benefits of
reading, that does not mean students
will read.
Sample Lesson 1 - Warmer
Making Things Better for You!
Sample Lesson 1 - Predict
Making Things Better for You!
Night Workers
Sample Lesson 1 – Guided Reading
Making Things Better for You!
Sample Lesson 1 – Develop Language
Making Things Better for You!
Sample Lesson 2 - Warmer
Making Things Better for You!
Sample Lesson 2 - Predict
Making Things Better for You!
Chocolate
Mum
Toys
Hmmmm
Magazines
Wife
Sweet
Buy
Supermarket
Fruit
Love
Vegetables
See
Bakery
Sample Lesson 2 – Share, Guide, Develop
Making Things Better for You!
Sample Lesson 3 - Warmer
Making Things Better for You!
Sample Lesson 3 - Predict
Making Things Better for You!
A B CD
E F
G H
Sample Lesson 3 - Shared
Making Things Better for You!
Sample Lesson 3 - Guided
Making Things Better for You!
Sample Lesson 3 - Shared
Making Things Better for You!
Sample ER Lessons
Making Things Better for You!
Warmers
1. Picture Focus
2. Guess the Picture
3. Draw the Picture
Prediction Tasks
1. Picture Sequencing
2. Guess the vocabulary
3. Key Word Story
Shared Reading
1. Key Word Stop
2. Error Recognition
3. Identify Key Words
Guided Reading
1. Erase it
2. 1 min. sentence turn taking
3. Emotional Reading
Develop Language
1. Guess Frequency
2. Guess Word from Meaning
3. Guess Meaning from context
Application
1. TB
2. WA Readers
Pupils developed a wideractive & passive vocabulary.
They used more varied sentencestructure & were better at
spotting & correcting grammaticalmistakes in their writing &speaking. They showed an
overall improvement in writingskills & increased confidence &
fluency in speaking. (Davis1995 p.330)
Research Suggests…
Making Things Better for You!
When (second language learners)read for pleasure, they can
continue to improve in their second language without classes, without teachers, without study &
even without people to converse with.(Krashen 1993 p.84)
Research Suggests…
Making Things Better for You!
Any Questions?
Making Things Better for You!
Email: [email protected] Download PowerPoint: www.macmillan.com.tw Catalogue: www.macmillanenglish.com Training Videos: www.youtube.com/user/macmillanELT Resources: www.onestopenglish.com or www.onestopclil.com
E-learning: www.macmillanenglishcampus.com or www.macmillanpracticeonline.com Social Networking: www.facebook.com – Macmillan Education Taiwan