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Presentation On Watershed Survey
Course Title: Watershed Management Sessional / Field work
GROUP: B
Watershed Objectives of watershed survey. Measurement areas in a watershed Buildings, roads and other constructions of Khulna
University Water bodies of Khulna University Vegetative areas of Khulna University Survey results Problems to the watershed of Khulna University area Overall condition of Khulna University Watershed.
CONTENTS
“
Watershed
A watershed, also called a drainage basin or catchment area, is defined as an area in which all water following into it goes to a common outlet.
It can be defined as a unit of area that covers all the land which contributes runoff to a common point
What is watershed?
The area of land that drains water, sediment, and dissolved materials to a common outlet at some point along a stream channel”.(De Barry)
According to FAO (1986) “Watershed is a topographically delineated area that has drained by a stream system i.e. the total land area that is drained to some point on a stream or river”.
Watershed
To know how to estimate the watershed of any given area.
To know the drainage condition of the area. To know the health of the vegetation . To identify watershed problems and potential
sources of pollution. To determine the possible cautions to preserve
watershed. To help in proper management of watershed.
Objectives
To know the features of watershed Carrying capacity assessment Health assessment of watershed Risks assessment of watershed Planning and design Implementation Monitoring Readjustment of the plan of monitoring
Objectives
Vegetation: Including trees, grasses, It prevents soil erosion and land degradation
Topography Soils: Drainage system, water holding capacity,
texture all the properties control watershed Water body: Main component of watershed.
Pollution of water is responsible for changing ecosystem and environment. Propagation of fishes and other aquatic animals depends on water body.
Components of watershed
Functions of watershed
Watershed function
ecological function
hydrological function
Confluence function
water conservation function
regulating function
the function of chemical transport
Habitat function
The Watershed of Khulna University area
KHULNA UNIVERSITY
Areas to be measuredTo measure the watershed of any area, the following area measurements are required
Concrete Surface.• Roads• Buildings• Other
constructions
Vegetative Land.• Forest• Grass land• Bare field• Fallow Land• Agricultural
land
Water Body• Lakes• Ponds• Canals• Rivers
Concrete Surface
Water Runoff
Disturbance in recharging groundwater
Concrete Surface
Concrete surface or Runoff areas of Khulna University
Roads
Buildings
Other constructions
Roads
Roads
Roads
Roads
19
Design of Roads
Road Area(sq. meter)Brick road from Aparajita hall to teachers’ quarter
1824
Brick road to employees building 272Brick road beside Khan Bahadur Ahsanullah Hall
1000
Brick road in front of Bangabandhu hall
1032
Pucca road from Khanjahan Ali hall to Aparajita hall gate
4632
Pucca road from KU lake to Aparajita hall gate
80
Pucca road from KU main gate to Hadi Chattor
3048
Pucca road in front of KU Medical 152Brick road in front of Khan Bahadur Hall
648
Pucca road in front of bus stand 324
Area measurement of roads
Road Area (sq. meter) Cafeteria road 164Pucca road(s) from administration building to teachers quarter
2368
Brick road beside teachers quarter
868
Brick road to the play ground 128Brick road beside administration building
1152
Brick road beside post office, bank
268
Brick road beside bank 144Brick cover beside 2nd academic building
448
Brick road in front of Adammo Bangla
1056
Brick road from central library to the back of 2nd academic building
2088
Area measurement of roads
Problems to the roads (Erosion)
Problems to the roads
Moderate to severe surface erosion Road Shoulder erosion Direct flow to water body
Problems to the roads
BUILDINGS
BUILDINGS
The buildings and constructions have a negative
effect on a watershed.
The clearing of vegetation due to construction, leads
to erosion. Building materials are also washed into the
water bodies. This has an adverse effect on stream and
river health too.
Buildings
Measurement of BUILDING AREABuilding Name Area (sq.m)Academic Building- 1 2580Academic Building -2 5432Academic Building -3 5040Khan Jahan Ali Hall 2980Khan Bahadur Ahasanullah Hall
2800
Aparajita Hall 6012Shaik Mujib Hall 2980Caféteria 532Central Mosque 360Motor Cycle Stand 130Primary School 280BNCC Office 105Purnendo Gain Lab 72
Measurement of Building AreaBuilding Name Area (sq.m)V.C Banglo 244Stuff Quarter - 1 580Stuff Quarter - 2 600Sharli Islam Library 415Central Library 2556Adohmmo Bangla 144Shahid Miner 120New Bank 85Administrator Building 2292Post Office 80Agroni Bank and KU Studies 288
Measurement of Building AreaBuilding Name Area (sq.m)Teachers Quarter - 1 180Teachers Quarter - 2 185Mukto Mancho 155Medical Office 256Agro-technology lab - 1 240Agro-technology Lab - 2 240Green House 54Police Fary New 205Forestry Lab - 1 245Forestry Lab - 2 244Roterate office 72
Run off after precipitation Roof run off causing erosion Improper ground water recharge
Problems due to buildings and constructions
Total area of roads : 5.359 Acres. Total area of buildings and other
constructions :8.50421 Acres. So, total runoff area is 5.359+8.50421=13.8632 Acres
SURVEY RESULT
Water Body
Crucial part of a watershed.Consists mainly of
Water Body
Lakes Ponds
Channels Rivers
Seas Ocean
Ponds
Water Body
Water Body
Water Body
Map of water body
Survey Area Name Area(m2)
Pond of Khan Bahadur Ahsanullah Hall
2368
Frontage pond of Khan Bahadur Ahsanullah Hall
576
Ponds behind the Khan Jahan Ali Hall
1728
Central library(frontage side) pond (small)
360
Canal behind the 3rdaceademicbulding
3712
Pond Behind the quarters 1272
Fisheries' area beside the 2nd academic building 4340
Pond(small) behind the Odommo Bangla monument
3311
Fisheries area beside the 1st academic building
3358842
Pond behind the Aporajita Hall 1356
Pond beside the Mosque 2688
University lake 14776
Total: 40075
The total area of water body = 9.899 Acres.
Survey Result
Disturbance and pollution
Moderate to severe erosion Ditch erosion Throwing plastics, bottles, garbage etc to the paths of
water flow Filling the water channels with sediments and waste
materials.
Problems to the water body
Vegetative Area
Another inseparable element in any watershed is vegetation.The vegetation in watersheds have impacts on The quality of the water Reducing sedimentation Wildlife and bird habitat, Soil health. Air quality, etc. Grasses, shrubs, and trees make up the majority of plant
cover . As leaves fall and decompose, they add the organic matter to the soil
Vegetative Area
Vegetative Area
Vegetative Area
Total Vegetative area =81.8378 Acres.
Survey result
Pollution
Slight or moderate surface erosion Direct flow or runoff to water bodies Throwing various waste materials Using some forest grounds as parking lot.
Problems to the vegetative land
Satellite map of Khulna University
Ridge line
Sub Stream
Outlet
Main Stream
Figure-1: Watershed in river basin with sub stream
Sub Watershed
Sub Watershed
Sub Watershed
Sub Watershed
Main channel
Sub channelSub channel
Sub channel
Outlet
Figure-2: A watershed with sub watershed and sub basin
Play ground and
Agricultural land of Khulna
University
Components Area (acre)Water Body 7.319
Building 9.408
Road 5.359
Vegetative land 81.40
Total area 105.6
Coverage Area
7%9% 5%
79%
Area DistributionWater Body Building Road Vegetative Land
RIVER
Main Channel(Lake)
Agricultural
Field
PLAY GROUNDPOND
DRAINAGE
AGRICULTURAL FIELD
Pond
Lake
Khulna University area possesses sub parallel and radial type of watershed
Result
The End