Water free dyeing technology

WATER FREE DYEING

TECHNOLOGY

On Branded company Specific presentation

S.M Yeasir Arafat

Md. Salman Amin

Mohammad Akramul Hoque

M Asadul Islam

Md. Abu Hossain

ID.2010000400087

ID.2010000400088

ID.2010000400090

ID.2010000400093

ID.2010000400094

PRESENTATION ON GAP INC.

PRESENTED BY:

Presenter:

M ASADUL ISLAM

ID: 2010000400093

INTRODUCTION

The textile industry is believed to be one of the biggest consumers of water.

On average, an estimated 100 - 150 liters of water are needed to process 1 kg of textile material.

Conventional textile dyeing uses large amounts of fresh water and which then is disposed as waste water containing dyestuff & chemicals.

Water scarcity and increased environmental awareness compelled us to adopt water free dyeing technology.

WATER FREE DYEING AT A GLANCE

The innovative water free dyeing technology consumes absolutely no water, uses less energy and fewer chemicals, reduces emissions into the air.

Another added bonus to this process is the non-existent drying times, which makes the process twice as fast as water-based dyes.

This technique Improves the sustainability efforts and in turn reducing the harmful effects to people, animals and the environment that water-based dye processes have had in the past.

WATER FREE DYEING TECHNIQUES

DYEING WITH SUPERCRITICAL CO2

PLASMA DYEING

SUBLIMATION AND TRANSFER PRINTING

FOAM DYEING

Presenter:

MD. SALMAN AMIN

ID: 2010000400088

USING SUPERCRITICAL FLUID CO2, POLYESTER AND OTHER SYNTHETICS CAN BE DYED WITH MODIFIED DISPERSE DYES.

WHEN CARBON DIOXIDE IS HEATED TO ABOVE 31°C AND PRESSURIZED TO 74 BAR, IT BECOMES SUPERCRITICAL, A STATE OF MATTER THAT CAN BE SEEN AS AN EXPANDED LIQUID, OR A HEAVILY COMPRESSED GAS.


The supercritical fluid CO2 causes the polymer fiber to swell allowing the disperse dye to easily diffuse within the polymer, penetrating the pore and capillary structure of the fibers.

This deep penetration provides effective coloration of polymers which are characteristically hydrophobic.

Dyeing and removing excess dye are processes that are done in the same vessel.

Residue dye is minimal and may be extracted and recycled.


Figure: Schematic diagram of super Supercritical CO2

Key Advantages of Supercritical Dyeing

Elimination of water consumption

Elimination of wastewater discharges

Wastewater treatment process eliminated

Elimination of drying and dryer effluent

Reduction in energy consumption

Approximately 95% of CO2 can be recycled

Dyeing time significantly reduced

ENERGY CONSUMPTION COMPERISON

Presenter:

MD. ABU HOSSAIN

ID: 2010000400094

PLASMA DYEING METHOD

Plasma dyeing is a very surface sensitive method.

It is a revolutionary way to carry dye to fabric and fabric surfaces.

It is so advanced that it not only colors the yarn, but also thousands of filaments in each piece of yarn, yielding rich, brilliant colors. Penetration is complete

It produces superior results compared to sublimation printing and conventional dyeing, but that is just the beginning of its advantages.

Glow Discharge

Corona Discharge

Dielectric-Barrier Discharge

Atmospheric pressure plasma technique .

Type of plasma dyeing

PRINCIPLE OF PLASMA PROCESSING

• If a textile to be functionalized is placed in a reaction chamber with any gas and the plasma is then ignited, the generated particles interact with the surface of the textile.

• In this way the surface is specifically structured, chemically functionalized or even coated with nm-thin film depending on the type of gas.

ADVANTAGES OF PLASMA DYEING

• PLASMA dyeing technology reduces detrimental impacts on the environment.

• The result is more beautiful colors.

• substantially less water and chemicals discharged.

• maximum color durability

• Producing luxuriously brilliant color.

• Soil-resistant, flame-retardant,

• Plasma treatment modifies the fibre surface rather than its interior

PRESENTER:

S.M. YEASIR ARAFAT

ID: 2010000400087


SUBLIMATION AND TRANSFER PRINTING DESCRIBED AS A WATERLESS COLORATION TECHNOLOGY IN THAT HEAT IS APPLIED VIA PRESS, HEATED ROLL OR CALENDAR TO SUBLIME THE DISPERSE DYES AND DRIVE COLOR INTO THE INTERIOR OF THE FIBER.

IT IS DONE BY WAY OF EXPLANATION THE DESIGN IS PRINTED ONTO A SPECIAL SHEET OF RELEASE PAPER USING SUBLIMATION INK WHICH IS THEN HEAT PRESSED ONTO THE GARMENT.

AT A VERY HIGH TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE THE INK FORMS A GAS WHICH THEN PERMANENTLY DYES THE POLYESTER CONTENT OF THE FABRIC.

SUBLIMATION TECHNOLOGY IS ALMOST EXCLUSIVELY A POLYESTER SPECIFIC SOLUTION.


IT’S POSSIBLE TO TRANSFER AN IMAGE FROM

A RELEASE PAPER AND BOND THE CHEMISTRY

(OR FOIL) TO THE SURFACE OF THE COTTON

THROUGH A HEAT ACTIVATED BINDER

SYSTEM OR SIMILAR.

INKJET TECHNOLOGIES HAVE BEEN USED TO

SIMULATE THE SURFACE APPEARANCE OF

WOVEN FABRICS INCLUDING JACQUARDS AND

YARN DYED SHIRTING, GIVEN THE ISSUES

OUTLINED.

MONOCHROME RIBBONS CONTAIN A BLACK

INK PANEL THE SAME SIZE AS EACH PAGE

BEING PRINTED, WHILE COLOR RIBBONS

CONTAIN PANELS FOR EACH COLOR.

•Figure: Thermal Transfer Printing


KEY ADVANTAGES

Primarily suited to t-shirt printing or for small areas of decoration;

Sublimation prints offer a soft hand and greater potential for printing larger fields of color;

Printing faster than dye sublimation,

consumables (ribbon and paper) are less expensive.

Presenter:

MOHAMMAD AKRAMUL HOQUE

ID: 2010000400090

FOAM DYEINGIn case of foam dyeing, the main dyeing element is foam. For that’s this dyeing is called foam dyeing.

A fabric is padded with a foam formed from an aqueous solution of a dyestuff, a foaming agent and a carrier for the dyestuff and the padded fabric is maintained at elevated temperatures to fix the dye.

A COMMON FOAM DYEING:MATERIALS:- White fabric - cotton, rayon, silk or other natural fiber to dye on- fiber reactive MX dyes- soda ash fixer- synthrapol- squeeze bottles to hold dyes- flat, shallow, plastic or metal pan- plastic mixing bowls- wire whisk

REQUIREMENTS OF FOAMING AGENTS:

It should offer a good wetting capability. It should exert fast an uniform wetting action. It should show little or no effect on color fastness. It should be compatible with other products of the finishing mix. It should not cause yellowing of white materials. It should be easily stabilized & generalized readilyIt should be capable of producing various bubble sizes to meet specific requirements.

ADVANTAGES:

The advantages of the process include:

Improved dye pre fixation.

Improved migration of the dye into the fiber.

Higher color yields in the fabric even after relatively short dyeing times.

Improved dimensional stability of the dyed fabrics.

DYEING WITH NANOPARTICLES:

• The way of Textile coloration by Nano-tech. is very fascinating as no dyeing and finishing will take place, which means no toxic chemicals, waste water and would consume less energy and resources to produce.

• For the Pigments found in butterflies (melanin's etc.) can be produced by Nano-technology in only yellow, orange-yellow, red, black, and brown colors and Green, blue and violet color comes from layers of nanoparticles separated by layers of air.

• This nanolayer is in a pattern of mosaic tiles, where each tile of pattern has different structural features as well as tiny gap among them for light refraction.

• The thickness of the layers changes the color we see.

DYEING WITH NANOPARTICLES(CONT.):

• Teijin Fibers Limited of Japan; produces Morphotex®, a first optical coloring fiber that mimics morpho butterfly wings, by using interference to produce color without pigments or dyes.

• The fabric is produced from 61 layers of polyester or nylon in alternative way, with 70nm thickness, and laminated.

Other Water Free Techniques:

• Microwave dyeing:The dielectric property

refers to the intrinsic electrical properties that affect the dyeing by dipolar rotation of the dye and influences the microwave field upon the dipoles.This is a terrific method of dyeing small amounts of fabric in the microwave using ‘Procion dyes‘.

Education

Water free dyeing technology