VERBAL TENSES

PRESENT

TENSE

Present Simple Structure

(+) Subject + Verb + [-s](only for 3rd person) + Complements.

(-) Subject + Don’t/Doesn’t + Verb + Complements + ?

(?) Do/Doesn’t + Subject + Verb + Compl Short anwsers:

○ Yes, I/You/We/They Do He/She/It Does.○ No, I/You/ We/They Don’t He/She/it Doesn’t

Times expressions

Every day At the weekend Once a week On Sundays

We’ll use this times expressions at the end of each phrase.

Examples: I go to the gym every day.

She can go to the swimming pool once a week.

Uses: • Common Actions• Acts• Permanents Actions• First conditional

Adverbs of frecuency

Always Usually Often

Sometimes Rarely Never

We’ll put it between the subject and the verb and behind the verb to be.

Examples: We always go to the cinema on Saturday.

I’m sometimes at the square of the town.

Present ContinuousStructure

(+) Subject + am/is/are +Verb + Ing + Compl.

(-) Subject + Am not/Aren’t/Isn’t + Verb + Ing + Compl.

(?) Am/Is/Are + Subject + Verb + Ing + Complements + ?Short answers:

○ Yes, I Am He/She/It is You/We/They Are○ No, I am not He/She/It isn’t You/We/They

Aren’t

Time expressions

Now Right Now At the moment

We’ll put this time expressions at the end of each phrase

Examples: She’s doing a pizza right now.We aren’t go to do that at the moment

Tip! We don’t usually use the present continuous with stative verbs.

Uses:• Something that happend at the moment• Future

Spelling of Verb + INGFor many verbs we make the ING form

by simply adding -ING to end of the verb.eat - eatingspeak - speakingVerbs ending with -e (exception of verbs ending in -ee and -ie)hope - hopingwrite - writingVerbs ending with -eeagree - agreeingsee - seeing

Verbs ending with -ieChange the -ie to -y and add -INGtie - tyingVerbs ending with one vowel and one consonant (with the exception of w, x, and y)For one syllable verbsdouble the consonant and add -INGsit - sittingFor two syllable verbsanswer - answeringoffer - offeringIf the 2nd syllable is stressed , double the consonant and add INGadmit - admittingbegin - begining

Past Tense

Past simple

(+) Subject + Verb + -ED/ Second Column + Complements

(-) Subject + Didn’t + Verb + Complements

(?) Did + Subject + Verb + Complemets + ?Short answers:

○ Yes, I/You/He/She/We/They did.○ No, I/You/He/She/We/They didn’t.

Strucure

Time expresions Last week Month ago Year ago A week ago Yesterday

We’ll put the times expressions at the end of each phrase.

Examples: I came back to house yesterday.They didn’t go to the party.

Uses:• Finished actions

Irregulars Verbs List

http://www.mansioningles.com/gram53.htm

Past continuous

(+) Subject + Was/Were + Verb(ing) + Complements

(-) Subject + Wasn’t/Weren’t + Verb(ing) + Complements

(?) Was/Were + Subject + Verb(ing) + Complements + ?Short answers:

○ Yes, I/He/She/It Was You/We/They Were○ No, I/He/She/It Wasn’t You/We/They Weren’t

Structure

Time Expresions

At nine o’clock Ten minutes ago Last night

We’ll put the times expressions at the end of each phrase.

Examples: I was sleeping when my mum woke me up.She was making dinner at nine o’clock.

Uses:• long action that in the past was interrupted

Past simple/Past continuousExamples: Juan was passing the factory when he saw something.

They smelled something bad while they were walking near school.

Tip! We often use when with the Past simple. We often use while with the Past Continuous.

Present Perfect

(+) Subject + Have/Has + Verb(ED/ third column) + Complements

(-)Subject + Haven’t/Hasn’t + Verb(-ED/ third column) + Complements

(?)Have/Has + Subject + -Ed/ third column + Complements + ?Short answers:

○ Yes, I/You/We/They Have He/She/It Has○ No, I/You/We/They Haven’t He/She/It Hasn’t

Structure

Time expressions

Ever Just Already Never Yet For Since

We’ll put the times expressions between Have/Has and the verb. Except: Yet, For and Since

Examples: I have never gone to Australia.She hasn’t gone to Australia yet.He hasn’t seen his best firend since Chritsmats.

Uses:• Action that began in the past and continues to the

present

Since: We use this when is a specified date. Example: I’ve lived in London since october.

For: It’s used for a long and inconcrete

Example: I’ve studied french for five years.

Future

Tense

Will

(+) Subject + Will + Verb + Complements

(-) Subject + Won’t + Verb + Complements

(?) Will + Subject + Verb + Complements + ?Short answers:

○ Yes, I/You/He/She/We/They will○ No, I/You/He/She/We/They won’t

Structure

Time Expressions

Tomorrow One day In the future Later Soon Next week

Uses:• Promises• Predictions(ilogical)• Instant decisions• Offers

Examples: He promises he will call when he arrives.It will be a great party.

Be going to

(+) Subject + Am/Is/Are + Going to + Verb + Complements

(-)Subject + Am not/Isn’t/Aren’t Going to + Verb + Complements

(?) Am/Is/Are + Subject + Going to + Verb + ComplementsShort answer:

○ Yes, I Am You/We/They Are He/She/It Is○ No, I Am not You/We/They Aren’t He/She/It

Isn’t

Structure

Times expressions

(Same of will’s time expresions)

Uses: Predictions(logical) Plans

Examples: We're going to have a party tonight.

Richard is going to take an English class.

Present continuous

This can be used like a future tense.

Use: Something that is decided Near Future

Example: This summer I’m going to Roma.

Present Simple

Use:

This tense can have future’s value when it talks about timetable.

Example: The train arrives at 8 o’clock.

And… That was all folks!