WEL-COME TO OUR

PRESENTATIONSUBMITTED TO,

MR. MOHAMMAD ZAKARIAASSTT.PROFESSOR

DUET,GAZIPUR***

PREPARED BYNURUNNABI

***

STUDY ON VARIOUS LOOM PARTS

Fig: of power loom

FIG. INDICATES FOLLOWING

A. weaver’s beam or loom beamB. warp threads (ends, sheet form)C. back rest or bearerD. lease rodsE. “shed”F. healdsG. reedH. fell of cloth or beat-up pointJ. shuttleK. breast beamL. cloth take-up rollerM. tug barN. cloth rollerO. tappetsP. tappet treadles, with anti-friction bowlsR. treadle fulcrumS. roller-top, heald reversing motionT. rocking rail, or shaftU. sley swordV. crank armW. sleyX. top shaft

Y. bottom shaft

FUNCTION OF LOOM PARTS

(A) Weavers beam: Flanged beam that holds all the warp yarns needed to weave a fabric on a loom.(B) warp threads(end sheet form): Generally sized threads,winding on a weavers beam. (C) Back beam: This is also known as the back rest. It is placed above the weaver’s beam. It may be of the fixed or floating type. In the first case the back rest merely acts as a guide to the warp sheet coming from the weaver’s beam. In the second case it acts both as a guide and as a sensor for sensing the warp tension.

(D) Lease rodAn arrangement of

warp to maintain the same relative position during handling. This is done generally by criss- crossing the yarns alternatively, keeping them in position by two rods called lease rod

FUNCTION OF LOOM PARTS(E) Shed: The path across the

warp in the loom formed when some warp yarns are lifted by their harness while others are left down or depressed. The shuttle or other picking mechanism passes through the shed to insert the filling.

(F) Healds Every warp thread passes through a heddle. Heddles keep warp threads separate and allow for passage of weft threads. Heddles are made of wire or cord and are attached to the shaft.

(G) Reed: The reed is the steel comb that spaces warp threads evenly and pushes weft into cloth.

(H) Fell of the cloth or beat up point: the point where the lay or batten beats the last loose pick in the shed back against preceding picks to make a compact cloth.

(J) Shuttle: It is basically a weft carrier and helps in interlacement of the weft with the warp threads to form cloth. The shuttle which is made of wood passes from one end of the loom to the other. It travels along the wooden sley race and passes between the top and bottom layers of the warp sheet. The shuttle enters a shuttle box fitted at either ends of the loom, after passing through the warp shed. A shuttle normally weighs about 0.45 kgs.

(K) Breast or Front Beam:The breast or front beam is the horizontal crosspiece at the front of the loom. Cloth passes over the breast beam on its way to the cloth beam.(L) Cloth take up roller: Take up roller is used to control the PPI of the fabric. It helps to take up the fabric with respect to the let off motion. (M) Tug bar: It is used to take up the fabric in take roller without varying tension. (N) Cloth roller/cloth beam: The roll or cylinder at the front of a loom onto which woven cloth is wound.

(O) Tappet: British synonym for cam also applied to simple weaves producible on a CAM LOOM. (P) Tappet treadles with antifriction bowl: Treadles are foot pedals attached to shafts. Pressing treadles moves the warp up and down.

(R) Tradle fulcrum: It helps to move the treadles up and down. (S) Roller top,heald reversing motion: Heald shaft are hanged by the top roller. It gives support to the heald shafts during shedding.

(T) Rocking rail or shaft:: In the normal loom there is a(X) main shaft or top shaft or crank shaft which operates the lay mechanism. The main shaft is connected by means of gearing or other teeth drive to a second shaft called a(Y) cam shaft or bottom shaft this cam shaft drives the shedding motion by means of shedding cams or tappets.

(U) Sley sword: There

are two sley sword in two side of each loom. The sley swords are fulcrumed with rocking shaft in lower portion. Reed cap is placed on the head of the sley sword. Sley sword help to move the reed and sley with traverse. (V) Crank arm: Crank arm transfer the motion from crank shaft to sley.

(W) Sley: It is made of wood and consists of the sley race or race board, reed cap and metal swords carried at either ends. The sley mechanism swings to and fro. It is responsible for pushing the last pick of weft to the fell of the cloth by means of the beat up motion. The sley moves faster when moving towards the fell of the cloth and moves slower when moving backwards. This unequal movement is known as ‘eccentricity of the sley’. It is needed in order to perform the beat up and also to give sufficient time for passage of shuttle to pass through the warp shed. The beat up of the lastly laid pick of weft is accomplished through a metal reed attached to the sley.

ANY QUESTIONS PLEASE ???

THANKS TO ALL