URDU HAIKU

HAIAT, TAJARBAAT AUR TAGHERAAT,

EaK MOTALAH

Maqsood Hasni

Abuzar Barqi Kutab'khana

2016

URDU HAIKU

HAIAT, TAJARBAAT AUR TAGHERAAT,

EaK MOTALAH

Haiku japani sinaf-e-adab hai. Hamaray haan

Hiko/Haikoo/haiku talafaz mustamal hain. Asl

japani talafuz Haiku hai. Agar'chah yah kisi

na'kisi hawala se 1929 ya is se kuch pehlay

motarauf ho chuki thi laikin Is ki urdu main

ba'qaeda takhleeq o tashkeel aur daramad ka

sehra Dr. Mohammad Amin par hai. Is kay liay

17 (5-7-5) arkaan teh pa’ay. Kush nay pabandi

ki aur kush is pabandi say aazad rahay.Dosri

daramda asnaf-e-adab ki tarah is

sinaf-e-sukhan nay bhi is dharti ka mazaaj

apnaya aur ab yah ajnabi mehsoos nahain

hoti.

Yah asooli si baat hai kah mahajar jab tak os

dharti ka mazaaj, saliqa, rovaeya,

toor–o-atwar, nahvi aur lisani asool,

tarz-e-mashrat waghera ikhtayar nahain karta,

awaal ta'aakhir mahajar hi rehta hai. Haiku

nay bhi is adbi, lisani aur samaji asool ko

nazar’andaz nahain kiya. Yahan apna ghar

bananay ke liay yah momkin bhi na tha. Is ki

rooh main yahaan ki matti ki khushbu aanay

kay sabab yah sinaf-e-adab khoob phali pholi

hai. Sab say bari baat to yah hai kah issay

chahnay waloon ki achachi khasi tadaad

mayassar aa gaee.

Dr. Mohammad Amin nay na’siraf tarajam

(ZARD PHOLOON KI KHUSH'BU) paish ki balkah

khud bhi baray shan'dar haiku takhleeq kiay.

Akhtar Shumaar kay haan Hamdiya, Natiya aur

karbalaee haiku parhnay ko miltay hain. Eak

intakaab Naseem Saher nay paish kiya. Woh

khud bhi achchay sha’ir hain aur oon ka kalam

mukhtalif adbi rasael main shaya hota rehta

hai. Haider Gardaizi ka majmoa abtadaee

dinoon ka hai, is nay bhi is sinaf ko waqar

bakhsha. Oon ka soch apni noeat ka hai. Issi

tara Hamaet Ali sha’ir kay seh'misray saraf-e-

nazar nahain kiay ja sakain gay.

1986 main Maqsood Hasni nay “ Sapnay Aglay

Pehar Kay” nasri haiku paish kiay, jin ka

Punjabi, Sindhi, Pushto,Gurmakhi, English,

koriyan waghera main tarjama howa. Goya

yah sab is sinaf ki maqboliat ka sabab bana.

Aaj yah surat hai kah is sinaf ka charcha

yahaan ki bohat sari zobanoon main milta hai.

in zabanoon main yahaan kay mazaaj aur

moashrat kay sath bohat say baray umda aur

la’jawab haiku parhnay ko mil jatay hain. Assal

main is ki maqboliat ka sabab, is ka ikhtasar

aur moqami haiku nagaroon ki pur'khaloos

kavash’gari hai.

Haiku main bonyadi cheez os ka

nazriya-e-takhleeq hai jabkah haiat sanvi

moamlah therta hai. Nazria-e-takhleeq main

teen batain aati hain:

•Kisi cheez, khasusan fitri aur qudrati aanasar

par pehli nazar paray aur os nazar kay hawala

say paida honay wala ta’asar.

•Os paida honay walay ta’asar ko ossi tarah

jaisa wo hai qalamk aghaz kay hawalay kar

daina

•Paida honay walay ta’asar main kisi qisam ki

tabdeli aur aalodgi nahain honi chahea. Agar

tabdeli ho gi ya ki ja’ay gi to ossay haiku ka

naam daina monasab na ho ga.

Hamaray haan jab Dr. Mohammad Amin nay is

sinaf-e-sukhan ko motaraf karwaya to

darj-e-bala amoor ko awaliat hassal rahi

ta’hum is kay liay teen misray (lines) shart

qaem rahi. Chand masalain malahzah hoon:

•Yah safar hai, qayam hai, kiya hai

Yah masafat kah teh hoee na kabhi

Zindagi kiya hai ratjagoon ka safar

(Mohammad Amin)

•Sabr likha giya lahu say tairy

Tashnagi soo rahi thi khaimoon main

Sath os kay Farat behta tha

(Akhtar Shamar)

•Dobti hai kabhi obharti hai

Hairatoon kay khulay somandar main

Mairi sochoon ki dolti nao

(Bashir saifi)

•Mujh ko itni si roshni day day

Dil kay kamray main baith kar pal bhar

Apnay halaat-e-zindagi parh sakoon (Haidar

Gardayzi)

Baad’azain is kay owazan par mobahas ka

silsala chal nikla aur is kay liay 17 (5-7-5) arkan

ki pabandi lazam theri.

1986 main Maqsood Hasni kay nasri haiku ka

majmoah “Sapnay Aglay Pehhar Kay” shaya

howa. Khayaal tha kah yah achchi khasi

tanqeed ka nishana banay ga laikin is

majmuay ki bari tehsein-o-paziraee hoee. Is

kay mukhtalif zobanoon main tarajam bhi

howay. Nasri haiku ko paish karnay ka bonyadi

maqsad yah tha kah obaarnay wala ta’asar

(thought) bahar’toor kisi bhi hawala say majru

nahain hona chahiay. Nasri kalam main

aahang ko bonyadi haisiat hasal hoti hai.

Aahang dar’haqiqat towazan (Balance) ka

dosra naam hai. Batoor namona kuch haiku

malahzah hoon:

•Jiwan kay pechlay pehar

Aglay pehar kay sapnay

Sonay nahain daitay aksar

•Aao zohad-o-taqa

Taqleed-e-aasar main

Pamila kay naam kar dain

•Makhi ghaleez to hai

Apni hat main laikin

Naak ki dushman hai

•Kala kawa

Kali ratoon main

Mehman howa ojaloon ka

Dr. Sabar Aafaqi ka kehna tha kah yah haiku

nasri nahain hain. Oon kay motabaq hermisray

main wazan hai aur tinoon misroon kay

owazan alag say hain. Baat zara mazeed aagay

bhari to haiku kay pehlay aur tisray misray ko

hum’qafia hona zaroori qarar day diya giya.

Maslan ka yah Hamdiya Hai kumalahzah

farmaein:

•Naam adab say lay

Saray ojalay phelay hain

Isam-e-Mohammad say

Sha’ir Ali Sha’ir

Asl moamlah yah bhi hai kah mahajar apni

walait ki samaji, moashi, imrani, moasharti aur

nafasyati rowayaat sath lata hai laikin dosri

walait main yah sab nahain chal pata. Ossay os

khita-e-araz kay hawala say jina paray ga

warna mohajar ka mohajar hi rahay ga. Ya bhir

onhain, os khitah e arz ke motabaq dhalna

paray ga. Yahan is baat ko bhi bhulna nahain

chahiay kah wo haiku ka ibtadae door

tha.Insan ki tarah asnaf-e-sukhan waqt kay

sath taghiraat say gozarti hain. Ghazal ko

daikh lain gham-e-janaan kay hisaar say nikal

kar gham-e-doraan aur gham-e-rooz'gar tak aa

ponchi hai.

Ehad-e-Meer aur aaj ki ghazal ko daikh lain,

fiqri lisani aur asloobi itbar say zamein aasman

ka faraq nazar aa’ay ga. Ta’hum is ki eak cheez

tora-e-amtiyaz rahay gi kah wo is ka godaz’pun

aur reshmeat hai. Yah silsala rok nahain pa’ay

ga. Khuda janay aatay waqtoon main kahaan

tak ponchachy. Ungint tajarbay hoon gay aur

issi ka naam zindagi hai.

Bhala haiku in tajarbaat say kayoon’kar bach

pa’ay gi. Tajarboon ka rasta nahain roka ja

sakta aur nahi rokna chahiaya, yah zoban,

asloob aur fiqr kay liay som-e-qatal hai. Bawar

rahay rasta rok bhi nahin sakta kayon’kah is ki

lagam waqt kay hath main rehti hai. Zindagi ko

to chaltay rehna hai. Mairay ya kisi aur kay

kehnay say zindagi aur is say motalqaat rok to

nahain saktay.

Haiku aaj Urdu ki maqbool tarein sinaf-e-adab

hai ab yah japani nahain rahi. Is main

tajarbay ho rahay hain. Humdia, Natiya aur

Hussani haiku takhleeq pa rahay hain .Yah sab

Japani haiku main kahaan hai. Is liay yah

kehna ziyada monasab ho ga kah haiku nay

Urdu ka mazaj, saliqa, toor, asloob, andaz aur

lisani chalan ikhtayar kar liya hai. Aaj issay

badaisi nahain kaha ja sakta. Chand Japani

haiku malahzah hoon. Is say mozoaat ka faraq

wazay ho ja’ay ga:

•Baraf

Jo hum donoon nay daikhi thi

Kiya is saal bhi girray gi

(Basho 1644-1694)

•Tanhaee bhi Mosarrat hai

Sham-e-khezaan

(Yosa bosan 1716-1784)

•Kitni hosein hai

Darwazay kay sorakh say

Kehkashaan

(Kobashi asa 1763-1828)

•Barsaat

Ghar ka rasta sailabi hai

Aur mandak wahaan tair rahay hain

(Masaokashiki 1867-1902)

(Zarad Pholoon Ki Khoshboo,

Motarjam Dr. Mohammad Amin,

Victri Book Bank, Lahore 1992)

Aaj ki Urdu aur Farsi ghazal qareeb qareeb ho

kar bhi apna joda rang dhang aur rang-o-roop

rakhti hai. Aisi hi surat Japani aur Urdu haiku

kay sath dar'paish hai aur rahay gi. Yah koee

naee baat nahain, Haiku nay Urdu mazaj ko

kush’dili say apnaya hai. Is ki yah kush’mazaji

aur kush’dili hi urdu main is kay panpanay ka

sabab bani hai.