Open TextbooksAccess, Affordability, and Academic Success

David Ernst, PhDUniversity of Minnesota

@dernst

By David Ernst. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

–United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights

“…higher education shall be equally accessible to all…”

The cost barrier kept

2.4 millionlow and moderate-income college-qualified

high school graduates from completing college in the previous decade.

The Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED529499.pdf

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

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2001

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2010

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2012

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2014

$2,000

$3,000

$4,000

$5,000

$6,000

$7,000

$8,000

$9,000US Higher Education Funding - $/FTE

State Funding Tuition Revenuehttp://www.sheeo.org

1989

1990

1991

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1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

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2012

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2014

$2,000

$3,000

$4,000

$5,000

$6,000

$7,000

$8,000

$9,000Ohio Higher Education Funding - $/FTE

State Funding Tuition Revenuehttp://www.sheeo.org

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800 Hours of Work Required to Afford Tuition(University of Minnesota)

Hou

rs @

Min

imum

Wag

e

The average borrower owes more than

$28,950

in student loans (class of 2014).

http://ticas.org/posd/map-state-data-2015

University of Toledo = $27,928

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

$400

$500

$600

$700

$800

$900

$1,000

$1,100

$1,200

$1,300

$1,400US Debt

Consumer Revolving Credit Student Loan Debt

$ Bi

llion

s

Federal Reserve http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g19/Current/

What can we do?

• Tuition and Fees

• Room and Board

• Books and Supplies

• Personal Expenses

• Transportation

What can we do?

• Tuition and Fees

• Room and Board

• Books and Supplies

• Personal Expenses

• Transportation

1980

1981

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1989

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2004

2005

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2007

2008

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2011

2012

0%

100%

200%

300%

400%

500%

600%

700%Increase in Textbook Prices

Textbooks CPI

Bureau of Labor Statistics http://www.bls.gov/cpi/

http://www.nbcnews.com/feature/freshman-year/college-textbook-prices-have-risen-812-percent-1978-n399926

The average student should budget

$1,249 - $1,364for textbooks and course materials in 2015-16.

http://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/average-estimated-undergraduate-budgets-2015-16

University of Toledo = $1,200(Law School = $2,100)

What do you think about the cost of textbooks?

What do you think about the cost of textbooks?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0d6HTN6llgo

Coping with the Cost• Purchase an older edition of the textbook• Delay purchasing the textbook• Never purchase the textbook• Share the textbook with other students

–U of MN Student

"I figured French hadn't changed that much.”

59%of students report that they have had to wait for their financial aid check to purchase textbooks.

Unpublished Minnesota State University Student Association survey

Have you ever delayed purchasing a textbook because of cost?

Have you ever delayed purchasing a textbook because of cost?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rjaTJC8zZJ4

7/10students surveyed hadn’t bought a required

textbook due to cost.

http://www.slideshare.net/txtbks/open-education-and-solving-the-textbook-cost-crisis

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-4IswNs0WWE

63.6% Not purchase the required textbook

49.2% Take fewer courses

45.1% Not register for a specific course

33.9% Earn a poor grade

26.7% Drop a course

17.0% Fail a course

In your academic career, has the cost of required textbooks caused you to:

http://www.openaccesstextbooks.org/pdf/2012_Florida_Student_Textbook_Survey.pdf

Other models…

Where does the funding come from?

Universities (SUNY, Umass Amherst, Portland State, …)

Foundations (Hewlett, Gates, …)

Governments (state, federal)

Institutional Consortia (CALI)

All RightsReserved

Some RightsReserved

Plus…

With Creative Commons licenses, you are free to…

Copy Mix

Share Keep

Edit Use

open.umn.edu

1.0 - 1.5 1.5 - 2.0 2.0 - 2.5 2.5 - 3.0 3.0 - 3.5 3.5 - 4.0 4.0 - 4.5 4.5 - 5.00

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Open Textbook Reviews

Ratings

Revi

ews

13 Peer Reviewed Studies of Efficacy

http://openedgroup.org/

119,720 Students

http://openedgroup.org/

95% Same or Better Outcomes

http://openedgroup.org/

12 Peer Reviewed Studies of Perceptions of OER Quality

http://openedgroup.org/

5,201 Professors and Students

http://openedgroup.org/

50%Same35%

Better

15%Worse

http://openedgroup.org/

Introductory, algebra-based, two-semester college physics

1272 pages

Available inPDF

ePubPrintWeb

Bookshare (accessible)

Instructor solution manual

Powerpoint slides

Examples of Customizing

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E1zAcm0lXn0

What can we do?

What can we do?

• Take a look!• Write a review!• Adopt if a book meets the needs of you and your

students• Raise awareness - talk with colleagues in your

program and department

Writing a Review

Is there is a textbook in the Open Textbook Library that fits your class and/or expertise?Departmental funding for:1. attending this workshop, and2. reviewing a textbook in the Open Textbook Library

Writing a Review

1. You will receive an email with a link to the online review form.

2. Complete a concise review by May 27, 2016.3. The review will be posted on the Open Textbook

Library under an open license.4. Stipend will be paid.

David Ernstdernst@umn.edu

@dernst

Slides: http://slideshare.net/djernst

Open Textbook Library: open.umn.edu

By David Ernst. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.