OPEN TEXTBOOKSAccess, Affordability, and Academic

SuccessDavid Ernst, PhD

University of Minnesota

By David Ernst. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

“…higher

education shall be

equally

accessible to all”

The cost barrier kept

2.4 million

low and moderate-income college-qualified high

school graduates from completing college in the

previous decade.

The Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED529499.pdf

$2,000

$3,000

$4,000

$5,000

$6,000

$7,000

$8,000

$9,000

$10,000

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

US Higher Education Funding - $/FTE

State Funding Tuition Revenue

http://www.sheeo.org

$3,000

$4,000

$5,000

$6,000

$7,000

$8,000

$9,000

$10,000

$11,000

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

Maryland Higher Education Funding - $/FTE

State Funding Tuition Revenue

http://www.sheeo.org

-100

100

300

500

700

900

1,100

1,300

1,500

1,700

1,900

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

Ho

urs

@ M

inim

um

Wa

ge

Hours of Work Required to Afford Tuition(University of Minnesota)

The average borrower owes more than

$30,100

in student loans (class of 2015).

http://ticas.org/posd/map-state-data

University of Maryland College Park = $27,559

$400

$500

$600

$700

$800

$900

$1,000

$1,100

$1,200

$1,300

$1,400

$1,500

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

$ B

illio

ns

US Debt

Consumer Revolving Credit Student Loan Debt

Federal Reserve http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g19/Current/

What can we do?

Tuition and Fees

Room and Board

Books and Supplies

Personal Expenses

Transportation

What can we do?

Tuition and Fees

Room and Board

Books and Supplies

Personal Expenses

Transportation

0%

100%

200%

300%

400%

500%

600%

700%

800%

900%

1,000%

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

Increase in Textbook Prices

Textbooks CPI

Bureau of Labor Statistics http://www.bls.gov/cpi/

http://www.nbcnews.com/feature/freshman-year/college-textbook-prices-have-risen-812-percent-1978-n399926

The average student should budget

$1,230 - $1,390

for textbooks and course materials in 2016-17.

https://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/average-estimated-undergraduate-budgets-2016-17

https://www.admissions.umd.edu/finance/costs.php

University of Maryland College Park = $1,200

What do you think about the cost of textbooks?

What do you think about the cost of textbooks?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0d6HTN6llgo

Coping with the Cost

• Purchase an older edition of the textbook

• Delay purchasing the textbook

• Never purchase the textbook

• Share the textbook with other students

• Download textbooks from the internet

–U of MN Student

"I figured French hadn't changed

that much.”

59%

of students report that they have had to wait for

their financial aid check to purchase textbooks.

Unpublished Minnesota State University Student Association survey

Have you ever delayed purchasing a textbook because of

cost?

Have you ever delayed purchasing a textbook because of

cost?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rjaTJC8zZJ4

7/10

students surveyed hadn’t bought a required

textbook due to cost.

http://www.slideshare.net/txtbks/open-education-and-solving-the-textbook-cost-crisis

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-4IswNs0WWE

2012 2016

63.6% 66.5% Not purchase the required textbook

49.2% 47.6% Take fewer courses

45.1% 45.5% Not register for a specific course

33.9% 37.6% Earn a poor grade

26.7% 26.1% Drop a course

17.0% 19.8% Fail a course

In your academic career, has the cost of

required textbooks caused you to:

http://www.openaccesstextbooks.org/pdf/2012_Florida_Student_Textbook_Survey.pdf

Other models…

Where does the funding come from?

Universities (SUNY, Umass Amherst,

Portland State, …)

Foundations (Hewlett, Gates, …)

Governments (state, federal, Maryland!)

Institutional Consortia (CALI)

All Rights

Reserved

Some Rights

Reserved

Plus…

With Creative Commons licenses,

you are free to…

Copy Mix

Share Keep

Edit Use

open.umn.edu

2 2 10 1950

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486

647

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1.0-1.5 1.5-2.0 2.0-2.5 2.5-3.0 3.0-3.5 3.5-4.0 4.0-4.5 4.5-5.0

Re

vie

ws

Ratings

Open Textbook Reviews

12 Peer Reviewed Studies of

Perceptions of OER Quality

http://openedgroup.org/

5,201 Professors and Students

http://openedgroup.org/

50%

Same35%

Better

15%

Worse

http://openedgroup.org/

13 Peer Reviewed Studies of Efficacy

http://openedgroup.org/

119,720 Students

http://openedgroup.org/

95% Same or Better Outcomes

http://openedgroup.org/

Introductory, algebra-based, two-semester

college physics

1272 pages

Available in

PDF

ePub

Print

Web

Bookshare (accessible)

Instructor solution manual

Powerpoint slides

Examples of Customizing

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=

E1zAcm0lXn0

PM4ID

What can we do?

What can we do?

• Take a look!

• Write a review!

• Adopt if a book meets the needs of you and

your students

• Raise awareness - talk with colleagues in

your program and department

Writing a Review

Is there is a textbook in the Open Textbook Library

that fits your class and/or expertise?

Incentive will be paid for:

1. attending this workshop, and

2. reviewing a textbook in the Open Textbook

Library

Writing a Review

1. You will receive an email with a link to the

online review form.

2. Complete a concise review by November 10.

3. The review will be posted on the Open

Textbook Library under an open license.

4. Incentive will be paid.

David Ernstdernst@umn.edu

@dernst

Slides: http://slideshare.net/djernst

Open Textbook Library: open.umn.edu

By David Ernst. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.