By Liam Geary

UNIT 3: THE CREATIVE MEDIA

SECTOR

TASK 1

The fi lm industry is a massive area in the media sector. When we talk about the fi lm industry, we're referring to its six diff erent component parts: Development, Production, Facilities, Distribution, Exhibition and Export.

There are over 400 independent fi lm companies in the UK alone and only a fi fth of these companyies make it to the big screen!

There are many job roles to the fi lm industry and they all play a big role in the making of a fi lm.

THE FILM INDUSTRY

D i r e c t o r – T h e D i r e c t o r i s t h e t o p r o l e i n fi l m . T h e y c o n t r o l h o w e v e r y t h i n g w o r k s .

P r o d u c t i o n – T h e p r o d u c t i o n Te a m c o n t r o l a l l t h e r e c o u r s e s t o m a k e a n d t h e fi l m . Account ing - Accountants manage the money and ensure the product ion comes in on budget and everyone gets pa id . Product ion offi ce – The product ion offi ce is in charge o f budget , Targets , and the schedule . Ads – There are three ro les in adver t i sement . The advert isement i s a h igh ly needed ro le as i t te l l s the wor ld about the fi lm. Locat ions – The locat ion team scout fo r areas to fi lm. There i s a locat ion manager which over looks the team . Addi t iona l product ion credi ts – Th is i s the team that contro l , Computer management and the un i t publ ic i s t (The Journa l i s t )

C a m e r a & L i g h t i n g – C a m e r a a n d l i g h t i n g a r e o n e o f t h e m o s t v a l u e d t e a m s o n t h e s e t . T h e y fi l m , a n d s e t u p l i g h t i n g f o r t h e fi l m . Camera – The main camera crew are in charge o f catch ing every moment o f the act ing and keep i t in focus . Mak ing sure shot types work etc . Elect r ica l – The e lect r ica l sector o f camera and l ight ing crew setup a l l the cab les and cameras ready for fi lming the scenes . Safety checks are

done too. Gr ip - Gr ips  are t ra ined L ight ing and R igg ing Technic ians . The i r ma in respons ib i l i ty i s to setup non-e lect r ica l components up ready fo r the

shots .

A r t D e p a r t m e n t – W i t h i n t h e o v e r a l l A r t D e p a r t m e n t i s a s u b - d e p a r t m e n t , a l s o c a l l e d t h e A r t D e p a r t m e n t - - w h i c h c a n b e c o n f u s i n g . T h i s c o n s i s t s o f t h e p e o p l e w h o d e s i g n t h e s e t s a n d c r e a t e t h e g r a p h i c a r t .

Sets - The Set crew does the decorating of a fi lm set, which inc ludes the furnishings and al l the other objects that wi l l be seen in the fi lm

Art - Within the overal l Art Department is a sub-department, a lso cal led the Art Department. This consists of the people who design the sets and create the graphic art .

Construct ion – The const ruct ion team is in charge o f order ing mater ia ls i f needed and bui ld ing. And wi th in cons t ruct ion i s a carpenter ! Property – The property crew are who makes a l l the props l ike , guns , food i tems and more!

C o s t u m e D e p a r t m e n t - T h e C o s t u m e d e p a r t m e n t i s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r a l l t h e c l o t h i n g a n d c o s t u m e s w o r n b y a l l t h e a c t o r s t h a t a p p e a r o n s c r e e n .

H a i r a n d m a k e - u p – T h i s t e a m i s i n c h a r g e o f l o o k s ! S o m e Ac t o r s o r Ac t r e s s e s h a v e p e r s o n a l M a ke u p A r t i s t s o r H a i r S t y l i s t s . S p e c i a l E ff e c t s - T h i s d e p a r t m e n t o v e r s e e s t h e m e c h a n i c a l e ff e c t s — a l s o c a l l e d   p r a c t i c a l   o r   p h y s i c a l   e ff e c t s — t h a t c r e a t e

o p t i c a l i l l u s i o n s d u r i n g l i v e - a c t i o n s h o o t i n g . S t u n t s - W h e r e t h e fi l m r e q u i r e s a   s t u n t , a n d i n v o l v e s t h e u s e o f   s t u n t p e r f o r m e r s , t h e S t u n t C o o r d i n a t o r w i l l a r r a n g e t h e

c a s t i n g a n d p e r f o r m a n c e o f t h e s t u n t . P r o d u c t i o n S o u n d – T h e p r o d u c t i o n o f s o u n d t e a m m i x a n d r e c o r d s a l l t h e s o u n d n e e d e d f o r t h e fi l m . P o s t - p r o d u c t i o n - Po s t - p r o d u c t i o n S u p e r v i s o r s a r e r e s p o n s i b l e f o r t h e p o s t - p r o d u c t i o n p r o c e s s , d u r i n g w h i c h t h e y m a i n t a i n

c l a r i t y o f i n f o r m a t i o n a n d g o o d c h a n n e l s o f c o m m u n i c a t i o n b e t w e e n t h e P r o d u c e r , E d i t o r , S u p e r v i s i n g S o u n d E d i t o r , t h e Fa c i l i t i e s C o m p a n i e s ( s u c h a s fi l m l a b s , C G I s t u d i o s a n d N e g a t i v e C u t t e r s ) a n d t h e P ro d u c t i o n Ac c o u n t a n t .

Edi tor ia l – They ed i t the fi lm, Co lor ize the fi lm and negat ive cut the product . Visua l Eff ects - Visual eff ects commonly refers to post-production al terat ions of the fi lm's images. The on set VFX crew works to

prepare shots and plates for future Visual Eff ects. Sound/Mus ic - The sound team make the mus ic for the fi lm.

JOB ROLES IN FILM

There are hundreds of companies in the fi lm industry One of the largest in children's fi lm is Disney. Lionsgate is one of the biggest fi lm publishers in 2012. They have only just come onto the radar these few years!

Top 5 in 2013:DreamWorks StudiosLionsgate20 th Century FoxWalt DisneyWarner Bros Studios

COMPANIES IN FILM

The age rating system is run by an independent company called The British Board of Film Classification. They do not work with the government.

The British Board of Film Censors was set up in 1912 by the fi lm industry as an independent body.

They control what age rating the fi lm has from U up to 18+ and these are set based on what language is in the fi lm and what happens in each scene.

They are slightly diff erent icons too the Game age rating system.

AGE RATING IN FILM

Lionsgate is one of the most successful independent FILM and TV company's 2012-Present. Leadership of this company is by two men: Chief Executive Jon Feltheimer and Vice Chairman Michael Burns since 2000.

Founder of Lionsgate is Frank Guistra He was born in 1957.

They started out small with just a small studios in the north of America and quickly expanded thanks to the business and media skills. The companies revenue has increased more than 15 times over the 13 year period. Lionsgate is approximately worth 4-5 Billion Dollars last counted at the start of 2013.

Lionsgate have made and published many fi lms over the past years like, The Expendables and The Hunger Games. All winning awards!

LIONSGATE RESEARCH:

Lionsgate has won over 40 awards and over 5 Oscars! One of the biggest award winning fi lms they have made is MUD.

Mud is a 2012 American coming-of-age drama fi lm written and directed by Jeff Nichols. The fi lm stars Matthew McConaughey, Tye Sheridan, Sam Shepard, and Reese Witherspoon.

List of awards won for MUD:

LIONSGATE AWARDS

Best PictureProduced bySarah GreenAaron RyderLisa Maria FalconeBest DirectorJeff NicholsBest ScreenplayJeff Nichols Best ActorTye SheridanBest Original ScoreDavid Wingo

Best Supporting ActorMatthew McConaugheyBest Supporting ActressReese WitherspoonBest CinematographyAdam StoneBest Film EditingJulie MonroeBest Production DesignProduction DesignerRichard A. WrightSet DecoratorBeauchamp Fontaine

Steven Spielberg is one of the greatest fi lm directors since he was born.

Steven was born in 1946 an is American. He has been known for his fi lms: Jurassic park series, JAWS and many other legendary fi lms produced.

One of his most favourite fi lms was E.T! E.T was a fi lm about a small alien who comes down too earth and makes friends with a young American group of friends.

STEVEN SPIELBERG

With out the TV industry thousands of people would be bored! There are hundreds of channels and quite a few TV/Cable company's in the UK.

It is still one of the most popular forms of entertainment and information, with the average British viewer still watching twenty hours or more per week. But the rapid growth of the internet and interactive media is competing strongly for audiences and revenues.

THE TV INDUSTRY

The history of television needed the work of numerous engineers and inventors in several countries over many decades.

The fi rst British television broadcast was made by Baird Television's electromechanical system over the BBC radio transmitter in September 1929. Baird provided a limited amount of programming fi ve days a week by 1930. During this time, Southampton earned the distinction of broadcasting the fi rst ever live television interview, which featured Peggy O'Neil, an actress and singer from Buff alo, New York. On August 22, 1932, BBC launched its own regular service using Baird's 30 line electromechanical system, continuing until September 11, 1935. On November 2, 1936 the BBC began broadcasting a dual-system service, alternating between Marconi-EMI's 405-line standard and Baird's improved 240-line standard, from Alexandra Palace in London, making the BBC Television Service (now BBC One) the world's fi rst regular high-defi nition television service. 

HOW TV STARTED

TV Company's are always battling trying to get more watchers than each other and sometimes they are friendly and selling shows to each other. There are 5 main channels (Mainstream) and then the 200 odd other channels (Comedy, Sport etc..)

Before The digital switch over happened everyone had the original 4-5 channels using cable without a TV Box from a company. Now since this switch everyone has to have Freeview or an independent box manufacturer

COMPANYS IN TV

DIRECTOR - A   te lev i s ion d i rec tor   i s usua l l y respons ib le for d i rec t ing the ac tors and other fi lmed aspects o f a te lev i s ion product ion . The ro le d iff ers f rom that o f a  fi lm d i rec tor  because the ma jor c rea t ive cont ro l usua l l y be longs to the producer.

WRITER - The  Wr i te r  c rea tes and moulds an or ig ina l s tory , or adapts other wr i t ten , to ld , or ac ted s tor ies for product ion o f te lev i s ion show.

STORY EDITOR - Story ed i tor i s a job t i t l e in mot ion p ic ture  fi lmmak ing and te lev i s ion product ion , a l so somet imes ca l led  superv i s ing producer.

CAMERA CREW – The camera c rew capture the scenes for ed i t ing then off to the sc reen. There a re 3 key jobs : Boom Opera tor , Gr ipper and The ma in Cameraman

FLOOR MANAGER - The  fl oor manager   represents the d i rec tor on the s tud io fl oor , and g ives ins t ruct ions and d i rec t ion to c rew, cast , and guests .

EDITOR - The ed i tor works in tandem wi th the d i rec tor to ed i t raw footage in to a fi n i shed work .

LOCATION MANAGER - The   loca t ion manager  fi nds and manages fi lm loca t ions . Most p i c tures a re shot in the cont ro l l ab le env i ronment o f a s tud io  sound s tage  but occas iona l l y , outdoor sequences ca l l for fi lming on loca t ion .

COSTUME DESIGNER - The  costume des igner  makes a l l the c loth ing and costumes worn by a l l the Actors on sc reen, as we l l as des ign ing, p lann ing, and organ iz ing the const ruc t ion o f the garments down to the fabr i c , co lours , and s i zes .

CASTING D IRECTOR - The cast ing d i rec tor casts  ac tors , and so i s usua l l y one of the fi rs t c rew members on the pro jec t .

MAKE-UP ARTIST - A pro fess iona l  make-up a r t i s t   i s usua l l y a  cosmeto logy  beaut i c ian , and app l ies makeup to anyone who appears on screen.

STAGE MANAGER - Stage managers organ ize and coord inate theat r i ca l product ions . PUBL IC IST - A  pub l i c i s t , or  adver t i se r  has the task o f ra i s ing publ i c awareness o f a

product ion , and u l t imate ly inc rease v iewers and sa les o f i t and i t s merchandise . RESEARCHER - Researchers   research the pro jec t ahead o f shoot ing t ime to inc rease t ruth ,

fac tua l content , c rea t ive content , or ig ina l ideas , background in format ion , and somet imes per forms minor searches such as fl ight deta i l s , l oca t ion condi t ions , accommodat ion deta i l s , e tc .

KEY JOBS IN TV

TV Licensing’ is a trade mark of the BBC and is used under licence by companies contracted by the BBC to administer the collection of television licence fees and enforcement of the television licensing system.

The BBC assumed responsibility for the administration and enforcement of the television licensing system from the Home Offi ce in 1991. The head of TV licensing is Pipa Doubtfi re.

The licence fee is imposed by law (the Communications Act 2003 by Parliament. The licence fee amount is approved by Parliament in regulations made pursuant to that Act. The Department for Culture, Media and Sport is the responsible government agency for broadcasting in the UK.

TV LICENSING

The BBC (British broadcasting company) was founded in 1922 on the 18 th October. It was founded by John Reith and George Villiers.

The BBC have a revenue of a rounded 5 Billion pounds. And is owned by The Crown (Commonwealth).

The bbc was the fi rst TV station in the UK and the fi rst LIVE TV show was broadcasted from London. Thousands tuned in to listen at the fi rst step towards nowadays technology!

The company has over five thousand employeesThe BBC is also in charge if TV licensing and charges

to that.

THE BBC

The bbc control a large sector of the UK. Mostly TV and Radio.

They are the largest weather and news provider and cover all sports around the Uk and native country's.

The BBC have over 10 radio stations and they all are for diff erent age groups and topics.

Radio 1: Radio 1 is one of the biggest radio stations on FM.Radio 2: Middle age aimed radio with news updates more oftenRadio 3: Aimed at more classical and jazz music.Radio 4: Detailed discussions. Not much music involved.Radio 5 Live: News, sports and politics6 MUSIC: a friendly chat station with a mixed genre of music

HOW MUCH THE BBC DOES

Sir Bruce Forsyth was a TV presenter born in 1928. He has been to co-presenter on Strictly come dancing since 2004 – present

Forsyth is known for his catchphrase, "Nice to see you, to see you nice".

In 2012 he was nominated for the Guinness World records for the longest British TV presenter.

BRUCE FORSYTH

The radio sector is a small area in media. There are many large stations out there and smaller ones as well.

It is popular in cars as most cars come with a radio/music player with an antenna which will pick up radio stations in its area.

Radio was very popular in the 20 th Century but nowadays there are thousands of CDs and many cars now have TVs!

THE RADIO SECTOR

During the 1860s, Scottish physicist, James Clerk Maxwell predicted the existence of radio waves and in 1886, German physicist, Heinrich Rudolph Hertz demonstrated that rapid variations of electric current could be projected into space in the form of radio waves similar to those of light and heat.

In 1866, Mahlon Loomis, an American dentist, successfully demonstrated wireless telegraphy. Loomis was able to make a meter connected to one kite cause another one to move, marking the fi rst known instance of wireless aerial communication.

HISTORY OF RADIO

There are massive company's like The BBC and SKY who rule the air waves with their mass selection of stations. The smaller company's are usually related to just the town/city where they are based like Heart and Jack FM.

Take BBC: they have over 10 stations and they are all based on the whole of the Britain.

COMPANY'S IN RADIO

Radio Presenter – Radio Presenters are the voice of a station or programme, whether they work in speech-based or music Radio.

Radio Producer – Radio Producers work in both speech-based and music Radio.  They are in charge of the output result.

Reporter – The radio reporter focus’s on fi nding information and typing out articles.

Presenter – Radio Presenters are the voice of a station or programme, whether they work in speech-based or music Radio.

Manager – the focus of the Station Manager's role is sales: maximising revenue for the station, and managing its budget and resources. 

Programme Controller - Programme Controllers or Programme Directors are responsible for leading programme teams on Commercial Radio stations.

Journalist – They are in-charge of gathering news, sport or weather reports.

News editor - The Radio News Editor's role is to oversee and direct the work of a news team supplying news content for one or more diff erent outlets, from single local radio stations to international news services.

JOB ROLES IN RADIO:

Heart FM was fi rst setup in 1994 and they fi rst broadcasted in the West Midlands on the 6 September on the same year. They have branched out around the UK now mainly around the London area.

On 21 June 2010, Global Radio announced plans to restructure the Heart Network. By the end of the restructuring process, the number of stations had been reduced from 33 to 18.

Heart stations are owned and operated by Global Radio with one station, Heart Hertfordshire, owned independently as a franchise.

INFO ON HEART 'FM

Pirate radio is illegal or unregulated radio transmission for entertainment or political purposes. While pirate just refers to the illegal nature of the broadcasts, there have also been notable pirate off shore radio transmissions.

The fi rst pirate radio was found in the 1980’s in America and was shutdown by the US NAVY!

There are legal pirate radio stations though! They are basically free radios with no profi t or payment.

PIRATE RADIO

Nick Grimshaw is a British TV and radio presenter. He was born in 1984. He is well known for his various hosting on Radio 1 and 1Xtra, From 2012 he was the breakfast presenter for Radio 1.

He joined the BBC Radio 1 team in 2007 on the BBCs Youth strand switch.

NICK GRIMSHAW

The print sector plays a massive role in our everyday life. Without printers and services we would not have, Newspapers, Hand held Documents, Magazines, posters and more!

The print industry employees millions of people around the world and it is usually a fun job.

THE PRINT SECTOR

It’s almost impossible to imagine a world without print. It’s all around us and plays a vital role in our daily lives.

The UK is the fi fth largest producer of printed products in the world. Last year was a 14.3 Billion profi t turn over and over 11,000 companies are involved with the print sector in the UK alone.

The largest print sector country is the USA followed closely by Japan and China.

While print is a major part of the modern, digitally-based communications landscape, it is one of a number of channels in a multi-media world.

Today more and more printing companies are delivering integrated marketing solutions to their clients that add value to their business by expertly combining print and electronic media to leverage up the impact of both.

ABOUT PRINT

Print production planner - A print production planner controls, organises and monitors the fl ow of printed materials in a printing company.

Writer - Writers are involved in the creation and development of works of fi ction and non-fi ction.

Lexicographer - Lexicographers write, compile and edit dictionaries for both print and online publication.

Publishing rights manager - A rights manager develops and oversees publishing rights for books and related products in order to ensure that a publishing company makes a maximum profi t.

Press sub-editor - Press sub-editors, or subs, check the written text of newspapers, magazines or websites before it is published.

Broadcast journalist -Broadcast journalists research, investigate and present news and current aff airs for television, radio and the internet.

JOB ROLES IN PRINT

There are thousands of print company's in Britain some small and some big in fame. Some of the larger one are: Indigo Press, Digital Print and the Hampshire press who supplies printing for local magazine company's and newspapers.

COMPANY'S IN PRINT

Hampshire press are one of the largest print company's in the south and offer many services. They print all the local newspapers near Southampton and anyone can go there and get things printed whether its artwork or just photocopying.#

They were first setup in 2009 and have quickly grown into a popular choice. They have a yearly income of 423K and increasing. They ship global as well!

HAMPSHIRE PRESS

The BPIF is the principal business support organisation representing the UK print, printed packaging and graphic communication industry and is one of the country's leading trade associations. We are a not-for-profi t-distribution organisation.

PRINT GOVERNING BODY

Carl Bernstein was a well known journalist back in the 1960’s. He started his carrier for The Washington Star as a copyboy, He quickly moved up the ranks at the Washington star!

Later in his life he was put in the role of reporting the Watergate scandal. This was a massive scandal which happened in the 1970s. It was a political scandal. People stealing information, Hacking and fights. This event made news around the world.

CARL BERNSTEIN

The collection of service organizations that provide shopping, news, weather, sports, e-mail, etc. The online industry is made up of many diff erent sections. Marketing, Business, Entertainment and Advertising. The online industry is an ever growing place and gets 100x bigger every day!

THE ONLINE INDUSTRY

Web designer – The web designers are the brains behind every website you visit.

Website Writer – The website writer writes up all the content which will be published on the website.

SITE Director – Large websites like YouTube have directors who are in charge of the whole website and what happens (The King!)

Designer – the designer is in charge of images and image manipulation.

Publisher – The publisher is in charge of publishing all the content onto a website.

JOBS IN THE ONLINE INDUSTRY

Their and millions of company's on the internet. There are many subjects which company's come into like, News, Entertainment and Business.

COMPANY'S IN THE ONLINE WORLD

The web is something no one controls fully. Many websites have their own policing but Ofcom and The British print do govern the web to a majority. Ofcom are mainly a licensing, So they control the Copyright and legal licensing sides to the web like online TV etc…

ONLINE WORLD GOVERNING BODY

YouTube is a multi-mill ion pound website run by the web lords Google. YouTube has been around since 2005 when it was founded by Steve Chen from Japan. Google did not buy it of then until late 2006 into 2007. Independent (2005–2006)Google (2006–present)

The CEO of YouTube is Salar Kananga. He decided to integrate Google with google+ the social network.

YouTube allows people around the world to upload and share videos they have created, Whether its Gaming, Fun, Logs, Music and even slideshows its all excepted. It is moderated heavily with Ofcom and the USA Government which has legal Terms in place. Copyright come at a heavy price on YouTube.

The fi rst YouTube video was entitled Me at the zoo , and shows co-founder Jawed Karim at the San Diego the zoo. video was uploaded on April 23, 2005, and can stil l be viewed on the site!

YOUTUBE

Larry Page is an American computer scientist and entrepreneur, Born in 1973.

He is the CEO (Co-Founder) of Google.His personal wealth is around 20.3 billion dollars.

Ranked 13 th the richest people in America! In 1998 Brin and page founded Google Inc. He also has recently invested in Tesla motors over Renewable energy!

LARRY PAGE