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UNIT 1 A&BREVISION
PURCHASES
Job Titles Chief Buyer Quality Manager Warehouse Supervisor Stock Controller Quality Controller Buyer
Purchasing Includes:
Collecting and processing purchase requisitions from departments
Obtaining quotations, catalogues and price lists from suppliers
Agreeing with purchase prices and conditions with suppliers
Receiving and checking deliveries Keeping stock records Checking invoices and authorising
payments for goods
HUMAN RESOURCES
Job Titles Recruitment Manager Training Manager Health & Safety Officer Employee Relations Manager Training Officer
Human Resources Includes:
Advertising vacancies Preparing job descriptions and job specifications Issuing and collecting job applications Arranging and conducting interviews Preparing employee contracts Keeping employee records Assisting with staff appraisal Organising training courses if needed Dealing with health & Safety (accident reports
ect)
FINANCE
Job Titles
Chief Accountant Financial Accountant Management Accountant Credit Controller Invoice Supervisor Wages Assistant
Finance Includes: Checking invoices, credit notes and statements
from suppliers of goods/services Preparing invoices, credit notes and statements for
delivery to customers Preparing cheques for suppliers Banking cash and cheques from customers Preparing budgets and final accounts Calculating wages and preparing payslips Completing tax returns Analysing financial information for management
and shareholders
SALES & MARKETING
Job Titles
Marketing Manager Area Sales Manager Market Research Manager Advertising Manager Sales Representative Telesales Assistant
Sales & Marketing Includes:
Identifying potential new customers and products
Dealing with enquiries from customers Collecting and processing orders from
customers Preparing and conducting consumer surveys Analysing market research questionnaires Preparing publicity, organising exhibitions
ADMINISTRATION
Job Titles
Office Manager Administration Supervisor Secretary Computer Operator Receptionists Reprographics Assistant Mailroom Assistant Filing Clerk Office Junior
Administration Includes:
Word Processing Desktop publishing Incoming, Outgoings and Internet Mail Secretarial Services Receptional and Switchboards Reprographics Manual and Computerised Databases Office Supplies Email and Faxes Petty Cash and Financial Records (spreadsheets)
Organisation Pyramid Board of Directors
Chief Executive
Senior Managers
Managers
Junior Managers
Supervisors
Assistants
Span Of Control
Span of Control means the number of people who report to a manager
Manager Manager
Employees Employees
Narrow Span of Control Wide Span of Control
Team Work in Organisations
Everyone has a common goal Everyone is committed to realising goal Team planning and tactics discussed Members pull together Members help each other Win or lose as a team Team greater than sum of their parts
Organisational Structures
Organisations either have a tall or flat structure
Tall Structure Flat Structure
Tall Structures Many Levels of management Managers will have narrow spans of control Management posts usually specialised
Benefits
• Easier for managers to supervise staff
• More promotion opportunities
Costs
• Slow decision making• Workers may have little freedom or responsibility
Flat Structures
Few levels of management Managers have wider spans of control
Benefits
•Employees have more authority and responsibility
• Decision making is quicker
Costs
• Employees have greater workload
• Employees may need training for multi-tasking
Chain of Command
Chain of command is the way instructions are passed down
from one level of post to another within an organisation
Recruitment Manager
Board of Directors
Managing Director
Sales and Marketing Director
Finance Director
Purchasing Director
Personnel Director
Sales Manager
Marketing Manager
AccountantPurchasing Manager
Training Manager
Line and Lateral Relationships
A line relationship exists between a manager and the employees immediately below them, illustrated by vertical lines in an organisation chart
A lateral relationship exists between employees on the same level and report to the same line manager
Organisation Change
Growth Downsizing Delayering
Outsourcing
Growth
What Happens? Sales of goods/services increases More staff employed to meet increased
sales
Effect of Org. chart More staff on various levels New departments New specialists
Downsizing
What happens? Staff ‘laid-off’ Wages (labour costs) are reduced
Effect on Org. chart Greater workload for departments Some posts will disappear Workers have more duties
Delayering
What happens? Levels of management are reduced
(move from tall to flat structures) Wider spans of control
Effect on Org. chart Flatter structure Fewer management posts Increased worker responsibilities
Outsourcing
What happens? Sub-contractors come in to do activities Sub-contractors bring their expertise
Effect on Org. chart Simpler organisation chart (fewer
departments & fewer specialist members of staff)
JENNA HOLMES