TEACHER TIPS 2nd Batxillerat

LESSON 4

Starting a for and againstSome people think that

_________________. However, others consider that __________________. Both offer arguments that deserve some reflection.

It is open to question whether teenage criminals should be sent to adult prisons or not. Some people...

WHAT WHY

Teenagers should not go to adult prisons       

Juvenile prisons are better equipped

They have just acted on impulse and done something they will later regret.

Adult offenders may be a very bad influence.

It is fair that they are given educational opportunities along with punishment suited to their crime.

WHAT WHY

 If they have committed a serious crime...

• They may be a bad influence to other teenagers in the detention centers.

• Teenagers know the consequences of their acts as well as adults do.

  • Trying teenagers as adults will lower juvenile crime rates.

“For” and “To” to express reason

Both “to” and “for” are used to express reason and can be translated as “para”

Remember to is used before verbs I came to Esplugues to work.

Remember to use for before nouns I came to Esplugues for a new job.

Never use “for to”

Phrasal verbs Lesson 1Come up with / Find out / pick outOur ancestors ______________ that plants with a

bitter taste were often poisonous.Our noses can ____________as many as 10.000

smells.Scientists have _________ with an explanation.

Found out

Pick out

Come up with

Phrasal verbs Lesson 2Hand out / Packed out /Put up / Put on /Set

offDuring the Diwali festival

People ________ gifts and sweets.People __________ lights all over the city.

Lots of fireworks are ___________ every May Day.The dancers _______ a showAround 100,000 Barça fans ______________ the

stadium to see the game.

Put on

Hand out

Set off

Put up

Packed out

LookGood

Bad

DressWell

Badly

Vocabulary page 43

A stunning pictureStrive to look beautiful

Spread the wordTo be taken aback

To be let off the hook

Crinoline skirt collar

High heels

Basics about the Passive 1We use it when the actor or agent is:

unknown – My laptop was taken!Unimportant - Coffee is produced in BrazilWe do not want to put the blame on anyone-

The window was brokenYou are stating a general truth – They are made

for each otherThe focus is on whatever / whoever gets the

action done - My car is being repairedTo talk about processes – After soda is mixed

with water…

Basics about the passive IIWe only use the passive with transitive verbs, that

is, verbs that have an object.We sometimes replace the verb be with the verb

get. This is more common in spoken English.Students who do not hand in their homework in

time will get punished.

It is possible to convert almost any structure from active to passive

The passive is NOT formal register in English, unlike in Spanish or Catalan.

ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE (* Possible but not actually used)

He breaks the window The window is broken

He is breaking the window The window is being broken

He broke the window The window was broken

He was breaking the window The window was being broken

He has broken the window The window has been broken

He has been breaking the window *The window has been being broken

He had broken the window The window had been broken

He had been breaking the window *The window had been being broken

He can break the window The window can be broken

He should break the window The window should be broken

He is going to break the window The window is going to be broken

He will break the window The window will be broken

He will be breaking the window *The window will be being broken

He will have broken the window The window will have been broken

He will have been broking the window *The window will have been being broken

He used to break the window The window used to be broken

The causativeIt is used when “the thing I want to talk about is me”Compare

The mechanic is repairing the car (I want to talk about him)

My car is being repaired (I want to talk about it. It is obvious that cars are repaired by mechanics)

I’m having my car repaired (I want to talk about me)

We use this form of the passive when people do something for us, and we pay them for it.

Form of the causativeHaveGet

He is having his hair cutShe is going to get her kitchen renovatedShe had her ear piercedThey will have their exams correctedShe is getting her picture taken

Any tense + Object + Past participle

Active form – An architect

Causative form – A millionaire

Present simple He builds houses He has houses built-ing form He loves building

housesHe loves having houses built

Present continuous He is building a house

He is having a house built.

Past simple He built a house He had a house built.

Past continuous He was building a house

He was having a house built.

Present perfect He has built a house He has had a house built.

Past perfect He had built a house He had had a house built

Phrasal VerbsWrap up

Pull on

Dress up

Catch on

Settle down

And more

Chilling out

Clothes hangers

Go with

Stripes / stripped Checkered shirt