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IME management for Students
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TIME Management
For
StudentsDr.T.V.Rao MD
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 2
Remember that time is money
Ben Franklin, 1748Advice to a young
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 3
Definition
The predictable control an
individual can exercise over a
series of events.
. The PresentYesterday is History
Tomorrow’s a Mystery
But Today is a Gift
That’s Why They Call it
The Present
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 5
Why TIME Management
Today’s Medical Education is complex, over loaded syllabus. The shortage of qualified teachers, lack of teaching materials, poor coordination in the system. Ever growing
specialization in specialties puts the students at confused situation. However the Darwin's theory of Survival of the fittest continues
to Dominate than in the past . A wise self management of TIME is more important than
past Student is the master of Learning
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Introduction Time must be
explicitly managed, just like money
Much of this won’t make sense until later (too late?): that’s why this is on the priority list of students.
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Dr.T.V.Rao MD 7
What the Time Management means
Time management entails more than keeping a calendar, however. It is requires identifying your obligations, carefully considering their importance, and making choices about how to use your time.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 8
Main objective of Time Management
Review and describe common
impediments to time efficiency
Describe helpful time management
principles and adjunctive tools
Finish on time!!!
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Time is equal to all Some Progress others …..
24 hours per dayX
60 minutes per hourX
60 seconds per minute
=
86,400 Seconds
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 10
Make TIME Productive
Spend every second in an efficient and productive way
If you fail to use the day’s deposits, the loss is yours.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 11
Learning Objectives
When you have completed this module you will be able to define the key concepts associated with Time Management and you will be able to:
Identify the main obstacles to effective Time Management in your daily role
Understand the nature of Time Management
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 12
Treat Time as a Commodity
Time is the most precious thing we have
Time is ultimately the most valuable resource
Time and how we spend it within the organization must be managed effectively
Time is totally perishable
Time cannot be stored up for use later
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 13
Motivation makes you Better person
What you accomplish during a 24-hour period depends on your own motivation, your energy, your skills and abilities, and other resources.
Since there are always demands on your time, it may be helpful to think about what you will do with your time and to consider some strategies for more effective time management.
Time management is not a way to make you work harder and longer, but a means to help you work smarter to accomplish your work more easily and rapi
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 14
You are Creator of You Destiny
Everything you are today and everything you become in the future will be determined by the way you think and the way you use your time. Your attitude toward time is a critical factor in all you do and everything you accomplish
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 15
Time Consumers - How you loose your TIME
Talking with friends Talking on telephone Daydreaming Watching television Sleeping Listening to music Drop-in visitors Reading (other than
assignments) Playing sports, games, or
hobbies Doing household chores Partying and goofing around Snacking and eating Hanging out Procrastinating or worrying
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 16
Create The Law of Clarity
The clearer you are about your goals and objectives, the more efficient and effective you will be in achieving them. Clarity accounts for probably 80 percent of success and happiness. People with clear, written goals accomplish far more in a shorter period of time than people without them could ever imagine.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 17
The Law of Priorities
Your ability to set clear and accurate priorities on your time determines the entire quality of your life. To achieve great things, you must always be concentrating on the small number of activities that contribute the greatest value to your life and your work.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 18
Rank order the following pursuits in order of importance to you.
RANK ____ Class attendance ____ Relaxation ____ Volunteer service ____ Time with family ____ Exercise ____ Clubs/organizations ____ Required reading ____ Hobbies or entertainment ____ Time with girlfriend/boyfriend or spouse ____ Studying ____ Working at a job ____ Religious activities ____ Shopping ____ Grocery shopping ____ Preparing meals ____ Housecleaning ____ Non-required reading ____ Sleeping ____ Other: _____________________________
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 19
Weekly Expenditure of Time for Personal Needs, Classes, Job, Family Responsibilities, and
Commuting
Number of hours per week you need to sleep ________Number of hours per week spent at work ________Number of hours per week spent in class ________Number of hours per week spent commuting ________Number of hours per week used for meals ________Number of hours per week used for personal grooming ________Number of hours per week spent on household duties ________
Number of hours per week spent for church/volunteering ________
Total number of hours for personal needs ________
7 days x 24 hours = 168 (Total hours per week) minus _____ (Total number of hours for personal
needs =
Number of hours available for study and leisure _________
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 20
What are your goals?
Make your goals specific and concrete. Set long-term and short-term goals? Set a deadline for your goals. Monitor your goals. Change goals if needed.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 21
Follow The Law of Posteriorities
Before you start something new, you must discontinue something old. You can gain control of your life only to the degree to which you stop doing things that are no longer as valuable or as important to you as other thing you could be doing.
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Procrastination Procrastination is a
major obstacle that can prevent you from practicing good time management skills.
It is the constant pushing aside of tasks that need to be completed and is the archenemy of all students.
CONCENTRATEand focus on the material!!!
Beware of Distractions Talking Daydreaming & Doodling Worrying
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Dr.T.V.Rao MD 24
Create you own Notes 5 C’s of Note-Taking
Take Charge of Your Lecture classes
Concentrate and Focus on the Material
Listen Critically
Connect and Capture Key Ideas
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 25
Listen Critically
Be Ready for the Message
Listen to Main Concepts
Listen for New Ideas
Ask Questions
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Connect and Capture Key Ideas
Identify key words, themes and main points Relate Details to the Main Point Listen for Clues
› Note when a topic comes up more than once› Transition words signal the change in topics or new
key points
“In contrast to”“Let’s move on”“This will be on the next exam”“You will see this again”
This one for sure!
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 27
Note-Taking Styles Outline Method
The Cornell Method
Paragraph (Summarizing) Method
Fishbone Diagram (Listing) Method
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 28
The Outline Method
Use headings and subheadings followed by course material
Easiest method with organized lectures
FormalOutline
InformalOutline
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The Cornell Method Divide your notepaper by drawing a vertical line 2 inches from the
left margin. On the right side, take your notes from class. On the left side, write
› key words› questions› comments› Examples
On the bottom, write a summary These will make your work easier to review later Test yourself by identifying the lecture material on the right ,
prompted by your comments on the left.
The Paragraph Method Often works best when a lot
of notes are given in a short period of time and the instructor is a fast talker or the lecture is disorganized.
Listen critically for important facts.
Create your own summary of what has been presented.
Write down summary in your own words.
Did you get that?
No, we’d better summarize!
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Dr.T.V.Rao MD 31
The Fishbone Diagram
The Problem or outcome is printed in the “head” of the fish.
Identify the primary factors and connect as ribs to the backbone.
Elaborate each rib with the details related to the primary factor.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 32
Other Note-Taking Tips
Always date your notes! Paraphrase your notes! Don’t Erase Mistakes! For Lectures with fast talkers, consider
writing in cursive or tape recording. Use Abbreviations! Be Organized! Evaluate your note-taking style strategy
regularly!
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Time Wasters Phones and
Pagers Visitors Meetings “Open Door
Policy” Miscommunicatio
n Fatigue
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Goals, Priorities, and Planning
Why am I doing this?
What is the goal?
Why will I succeed?
What happens if I chose not to do it?
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TO DO LISTS Make a ‘to do’ list each day to remind
you of what you have to do each day. Prioritize each item on the list, labeling
the most important items A, the less important items B, and the nice to do items C. Be sure to start with the A’s so that you
complete the most important items first.
Go on to your B’s and C’s only if you find you have the time.
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The Problem is Severe
By some estimates, people waste about 2 hours per day. Signs of time wasting:› Messy Table and cluttered› Can’t find things
› Volunteer to do things other people should do
› Tired/unable to concentrate
Learn when to say “NO”
• You can’t do everything
• Don’t undertake things you can’t complete
• Remain consistent to your goals
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 38
The Law of Planning Every minute spent in
planning saves ten minutes in execution. The purpose of "personal strategic planning" is for you to increase your "return energy," and return on the mental, emotional, physical, and spiritual capital you have invested in your life and career.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 39
Review Your Progress
• Set goals• Prioritize• Organize• Learn when to
say “NO”• Use your waiting
time• Concentrate on
the task at hand• Consider your
personal prime time
• Celebrate success
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 40
The Law of Sequentiality Time management
enables you to control the sequence of events in your life. Your entire life today is the sum total result of the quality of your choices and decisions to this moment. If you are not happy with any part of your life, it is up to you to begin to make different choices and better decisions.
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Keep a Dairy of Day to Day Events
Evaluate how you are spending your time. Keep a diary for three days to track tasks. Look for time that could be used more wisely, freeing up time to spend exercising or with family and friends.
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Rest and Relaxation are Foundation for Efficiency
Get plenty of exercise and sleep. Improved focus and concentration help increase efficiency, so you can complete tasks in less time.
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Extracurricular activities keep your Clock update with the Society
Even during their medical school careers, many students take on extracurricular activities and projects that are not covered at medical school. This has made many medical student groups around the world look hard at what the needs of their members are and how best to meet them with a training programme.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 44
Learn skills beyond your profession
. The range of skills is almost endless—for example, time management, communication, presenting, teaching, effective learning, working in a team, and leadership—to name just a few topics.
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Do you have a schedule? Set up your semester calendar.
› Review Syllabus for class schedules.› Block all class and lab times› Highlight exams and project due dates.› Identify routine homework.› Incorporate break time.
Divide study time into 50-minute blocks. Use spare time to review. Don’t forget to reward yourself when
you do something right.
“Work smarter, not harder.” – Alan Lakein
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Extracurricular activities keeps your Identity
Even during their medical school careers, many students take on extracurricular activities and projects that are not covered at medical school. This has made many medical student groups around the world look hard at what the needs of their members are and how best to meet them with a training programme.
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Get trained beyond Curriculum – It is nice to
know many more training beyond the curriculum should be a
priority for every medical student and every group of medical students. Tomorrow's Doctors states that “students must accept responsibility for their own learning.” Receiving and using training outside the hospital will no doubt make for a better medical profession—not only doctors who know how to treat patients, but also how to deal with the non-clinical workload that comes as part of the job.
Timothy Rittman, third year medical student and training director, International Federation of Medical Students' Associations, University of NottinghamEmail: [email protected]
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Hear me Now, Believe me Later
Being successful doesn’t make you manage your time well.
Managing your time well makes you successful.
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Great Achievements in life are positive Dreams
If you can dream it, you
can do it”Walt Disney
Disneyland was built in 366 days, from ground-breaking to first day open to the public.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Scheduling Yourself You don’t find
time for important things, you make it
Everything you do is an opportunity cost
Learn to say “No”
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Cognitive Tasks8am - 12 noon*
Cognitive, or mental, tasks such as reading, calculating, and problem solving are performed most efficiently in the morning.
*If you are a Night Owl, shift these times about 3-4 hours later in the day.
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Short term memory6 am - 10 am
Short term memory tasks such as last minute reviewing for tests are best performed early in the morning.
*If you are a Night Owl, shift these times about 3-4 hours later in the day.
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Manual Dexterity2 pm to 6 pm*
You are most efficient at tasks involving the use of your hands such as keyboarding and carpentry in the afternoon and early evening.
*If you are a Night Owl, shift these times about 3-4 hours later in the day.
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Physical Workouts4 pm to 9 pm *
Because of Circadian Rhythms it is best to engage in physical activity in the evening when your large muscle coordination is at its peak.
Studies show you will perceive the workout to be easier in the evening.
Exercising about 5 hours before bedtime improves the quality of sleep.
*If you are a Night Owl, shift these times about 3-4 hours later in the day.
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Deal you patients with -CALMER
C=catalyst for changeA=alter thoughts to change
feelingsL=listen and then make a
diagnosisM=make an agreementE=education and follow-upR=reach out and discuss feelingsPomm, et al. (2004)
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Reading Pile
Only read something if you’ll be fired for not reading it
Note that this refers to periodicals and routine reading, which is different than a research dig
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Tips for Working in Groups
By Randy Pausch, for the Building Virtual Worlds course at Carnegie Mellon, Spring 1998
Meet people properly. It all starts with the introduction. Then, exchange contact information, and make sure you know how to pronounce everyone’s names. Exchange phone #s, and find out what hours are acceptable to call during.
Find things you have in common. You can almost always find something in common with another person, and starting from that baseline, it’s much easier to then address issues where you have difference. This is why cities like professional sports teams, which are socially galvanizing forces that cut across boundaries of race and wealth. If nothing else, you probably have in common things like the weather. 57
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Tips for Working in Groups
By Randy Pausch, for the Building Virtual Worlds course at Carnegie Mellon, Spring 1998
Avoid conflict at all costs. When stress occurs and tempers flare, take a short break. Clear your heads, apologize, and take another stab at it. Apologize for upsetting your peers, even if you think someone else was primarily at fault; the goal is to work together, not start a legal battle over whose transgressions were worse. It takes two to have an argument, so be the peacemaker.
Phrase alternatives as questions. Instead of “I think we should do A, not B,” try “What if we did A, instead of B?” That allows people to offer comments, rather than defend one choice.
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TIME lost Never Gained Time is free, but
it's priceless. You can'town it, but you can use it. You can't keep it, but you can spend it. Once you've lost ityou can never get it back.” Harvey MacKay
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How to Use Time Effectively
Get Started Immediately On Important Tasks.
Reduce Meeting Time. Take Time To Plan. Learn To Say “No.” Remember That Now Is The Time
To Put It All Together.
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How to progress for Better Career
Have a great planning system and use it
Take on realistic goals an schedule accurately
Do not over-commit
Set and agree priorities to distinguish between urgent and important tasks
Build in some flexibility to cope with anything unexpected
Control your documents, workspace and phone
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How to progress for Better Career
Don’t procrastinate – Manage Your Time Today
Define and use periods of quality time in your schedule
Learn to say No in a professional manner
Stay away from perfectionism and aim for excellence
Build in time for personal development
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Finding Balance Find balance
between:› Academic schedule
› Social life › Time alone
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When you are Stressed
To deal with over-work, try the following › Understand your pressures › Don’t get worked up or panicked › Don’t blame everything on yourself › Walk away › Estimate time as well as possible › Agree priorities and keep them › Remind yourself that there is a limited
amount of time available to you
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Time Management Questions?
How much time do you have? What are your goals? Does free time really mean free time? Do you have a schedule? Do you use a planner? Do you procrastinate? Are you equipped with Time Management
Tips?
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To Realize the Value of:
ONE YEAR, ask a student who failed a grade. ONE MONTH, ask a mother who gave birth to a
premature baby. ONE WEEK, ask the editor of a weekly newspaper. ONE DAY, ask a daily wage laborer with kids to feed. ONE HOUR, ask the lovers who are waiting to meet. ONE MINUTE, ask a person who missed the train. ONE SECOND, ask a person who just avoided an
accident. ONE MILLISECOND, ask the person who won a silver
medal in the Olympics.
PacingAthletes know the phenomenon of running with someone ahead of them to increase their times.
The same effect can be achieved with studying and completing schoolwork.
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Using a Planner Effectively
Select a planner that you will be likely to carry with you.
At the beginning of each semester, record test dates, project due dates etc from all of your syllabi for your classes.
Use pencil because schedules change
Keep your planner handy
. Be Realistic Not a Imaginary
Examine your schedule.
Be realistic about what you can accomplish.
Don’t try to juggle too many things.
Don’t set yourself up for failure.
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The Two to One Rule of Thumb
For every hour you are in class, you should study at least two hours
=
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Time management really means managing
yourself.
It’s a way to be happier, more effective, and
more successful.
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Be The Bunny
Just KeepGoingAnd goingAnd goingAnd goingAnd going…
Fear of Success and Failure
We procrastinate because we fear FAILURE.› It is easier to accept that we failed because we
didn’t even attempt a project than to fail at doing the project.
We procrastinate because we fear SUCCESS.› If I get all “A’s” this semester, everyone will
expect the same next semester.› If I do an outstanding job on this project, my
boss will just pile on more work.
CGQC 8/23/2007
Prioritize the Do’s
1. Address the urgent2. Accomplish what you can
early3. Attach deadlines to
everything
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Time Management Tips
Write things down.› Don’t rely on memory
Prioritize your list Plan your week.
› Spend some time at the beginning of each week to plan your schedule.
Carry a notebook.› Write down those great ideas and brilliant
insights (capture your thoughts). Learn to say no.
› Say no to low priority requests.
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Never stop , Life is Race
Everything changes
never stop exploring
and never stop learning
and you will change the world
Everything happens faster than you think.
