Three Innovations Affecting the Field ofInstructional Design and Technology:

Opportunities and Challenges

Robert A. ReiserAssociate Dean for Research

Distinguished University Teaching ProfessorRobert M. Morgan Professor of Instructional Systems

Florida State University

Fabrizio FornaraDoctoral Student

Instructional Systems and Learning TechnologiesFlorida State University

Weinan ZhaoDoctoral Student

Instructional Systems and Learning TechnologiesFlorida State University

Innovations

• Communities of practice• Educational games• Educational videos• Flipped learning• Global learning• Informal learning• Knowledge management• Learning analytics• Micro-credentials• Micro-learning• Mobile learning

• MOOCs• Online learning• Open educational resources• Performance improvement• Performance support• Problem-based learning• Simulations• Social media• Virtual/Augmented reality• Wearable technology• Workforce/Talent development

Innovations

• Communities of practice• Educational games• Educational videos• Flipped learning• Global learning• Informal learning• Knowledge management• Learning analytics• Micro-credentials• Micro-learning• Mobile learning

• MOOCs• Online learning• Open educational resources• Performance improvement• Performance support• Problem-based learning• Simulations• Social media• Virtual/Augmented reality• Wearable technology• Workforce/Talent development

Innovation # 1:Online Learning

Key Points:

• There has been a growing use of online learning in many sectors of the education and training world.

• This growth is likely to continue for quite awhile!

The Gorilla of Innovations!

Among colleges and universities, the percentage of studentstaking online courses has greatly increased:

Online Learning: Growth in Higher Education

Source: Babson, Changing Course: Ten Years of Tracking Online Education in the United States, 2012, n ~ 2,800

Among colleges and universities, the percentage of studentstaking online courses is increasing

Online Learning: Growth in Higher Education

Source: Babson, Online Report Card: Tracking Online Education in the United States, 2016

0%

Online Learning: Growth in 6 – 12 Education

Source: Blackboard, Learning in the 21st Century, 2011 Trends Update, 2011, n ~ 290,000

Among middle school and high school students, the percentage of students taking online courses hasgreatly increased:

Percentage of U.S. Students Taking Online Classes

Total students taking online

courses

Total number of online courses

taken

Traditional public schools 2,254,000 3,800,000State virtual schools 462,000 815,000Full-time virtual charter schools 275,000 3,300,000

Total 2,991,000 7,915,000

Online Learning in K-12

Source: Evergreen Education Group, Keeping Pace With K–12 Digital Learning, 2015

Total students taking online

courses

Total number of online courses

taken

Traditional public schools 2,254,000 3,800,000State virtual schools 462,000 815,000Full-time virtual charter schools 275,000 3,300,000

Total 2,991,000 7,915,000

Online Learning in K-12

Source: Evergreen Education Group, Keeping Pace With K–12 Digital Learning, 2015

In business and industry, the percentage of training hours delivered online is increasing

Online Learning: Growth in Business & Industry

Source: ATD, 2015 State of the Industry, 2015, n ~ 300

Online LearningA “Golden” Opportunity for Instructional Designers

More online courses = more opportunities for instructional designers

Why?

Instructional design skills are necessary in order to prepare effective online courses

Web-based tools that facilitate the ability of everyone to:

Collaborate with others to:

Share knowledge and skills

Design/create interesting means of doing so!

Innovation # 2:Social Media

Definition

• Wikis

• Blogs

• Podcasts

• Social networking sites (e.g., Facebook)

• Media sharing sites (example: YouTube)

Examples of Social Media Tools

To what extent are social media being used in the education and training world?

Social Media in Higher Education

Faculty using social media in their classes

Source: Babson, Social Media for Teaching and Learning, 2013, n = ~ 8000

Social Media in Higher Education

Types of social media employed

Source: Babson, Social Media for Teaching and Learning, 2013, n = ~ 3,000

Social Media in K-12

Social media integration into the classroom

Source: University of Phoenix College of Education Survey, 2013, n = ~1000

K-12 TeachersHave integrated social media Have not inte-grated social media, but want to do soHave not inte-grated social media and do not plan to do so

18%

27%

55%

Social Media in K-12

Social media integration into the classroom

Source: University of Phoenix College of Education Survey, 2013, n = ~1000

K-12 TeachersHave integrated social media Have not inte-grated social media, but want to do soHave not inte-grated social media and do not plan to do so

18%

27%

55%

Social networking and collaboration is strongly sponsored within my organization

Social Media in Business & Industry

Source: eLearning Guild, Learning and Performance Ecosystems: Current State and Challenges, 2015, n = 427

~ 32.5%

Social networking and collaboration is effectively managedwithin my organization

Social Media in Business & Industry

Source: eLearning Guild, Learning and Performance Ecosystems: Current State and Challenges, 2015, n = 436

74.4%

Social MediaA Challenge for Instructional Designers

How can we better identify suitable social media resources and incorporate them among the learning opportunities we provide to learners / workers?

Definition

Learning that is supported by mobile devices(e.g., smartphones, tablets, e-readers, etc.)

Innovation # 3:Mobile Learning

Mobile Learning in Business & Industry

There is a growing interest on mobile learning for training

Source: ATD, The Mobile Landscape 2015: Building Toward Anytime, Anywhere Learning, 2015, n = 411

Mobile Learning in Business & Industry

There is a growing interest on mobile learning for training

Source: ATD, The Mobile Landscape 2015: Building Toward Anytime, Anywhere Learning, 2015, n = 411

Source: Pearson, Student Mobile Device Survey 2015 – National Report: College Students, 2015, n = ~ 1200 (2013, 2014, & 2015)

Mobile Learning in Higher Education

Percentage of students using mobile devices for college work at least 2 - 3 times/week is increasing

Source: Pearson, Student Mobile Device Survey 2015 – National Report: College Students, 2015, n = ~ 1200 (2013, 2014, & 2015)

Mobile Learning in Higher Education

Percentage of students using mobile devices for college work at least 2 - 3 times/week is increasing

Source: Pearson, Student Mobile Device Survey 2015 – National Report: Students in Grades 4-12, 2015, n ~ 2300 (2013, 2014, 2015)

Percentage of students using mobile devices for school work at least 2 - 3 times/week is increasing

Mobile Learning in Grades 4 - 12

Source: Pearson, Student Mobile Device Survey 2015 – National Report: Students in Grades 4-12, 2015, n ~ 2300 (2013, 2014, 2015)

Percentage of students using mobile devices for school work at least 2 - 3 times/week is increasing

Mobile Learning in Grades 4 - 12

Source: Project Tomorrow, Speak Up 2015 National Findings, 2015, n = ~ 42,000

Teachers’ perceptions of benefits and challenges

• Benefits:• Increases student engagement in learning (77%)

• Provides access to online textbooks (68%)

• Challenges:• Potential for distraction (76%)

• Equity issues – not all students have a device (68%)

Mobile Learning in K-12

When learners / workers use mobile devices intended to support learning and performance,what can we do to reduce the distracting influences presented by those devices?

Mobile LearningA Challenge for Instructional Designers

Three Innovations Affecting the Field ofInstructional Design and Technology:

Bottom Line

Instructional designers who can:

design interesting and effective online learningand

make effective use of social media and mobile devices

will be highly valued in all settings!

Thank you!