Monitoring and reporting on the implementation of the Second Global Plan of Action for PGRFA

Cairo 5-6 November 2014

The Second Global Plan of Action

for PGRFA

Stefano Diulgheroff Plant Production and Protection Division, FAO

Introduction

Introduction

Set of internationally agreed priorities

Adopted by FAO Council (Nov. 2011)

The first GPA

Main reference for national, regional and global efforts to conserve and use PGRFA sustainably and to share equitably and fairly the benefits that derive from their use (and other sectors)

Used to define priorities at the global level, to improve coordination of efforts and to create synergies among stakeholders

Instrumental in reorienting and prioritizing the research and development agendas of relevant international organizations with regard to activities related to PGRFA

Set the stage for the successful completion of the negotiation of the International Treaty on PGRFA

increasing population and urbanizationincreasing food insecurityclimate changeneed for more sustainable agriculture need to safeguard diversity and minimize genetic erosion

Major developments - challenges

Major developments - opportunities

Advances in information/communication technologiesbiotechnology

Major developments - opportunities

Policy environment:International Treaty on

PGRFAStrategic Plan for

Biodiversity 2011-2020/targetsNagoya Protocol

Renewed commitment to agriculture and related research and development activities

the Second GPA

Addresses these new challenges and opportunities in its 18 Priorities Activities

part of one package

the Second GPA vs GPA

Second GPA: new challenges and opportunities for PGRFA that emerged since 1996. Greater emphasis on the sustainable use of PGRFA

as a means to enhance food security in a changing environment.

… about climate change…

Five-Year Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 (NASA)Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red (+2°C) and lower then normal temperatures are shown in blue (-2°C).

… and global warming…

Five-Year Global Temperature Anomalies to 2012 Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red (+2°C) and lower then normal temperatures are shown in blue (-2°C).

Implementation

Second GPA implementation is an essential contribution to achieving the objectives of the International Treaty and of the CBD in the area of agricultural biodiversity and helps reach some key targets of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020

Implementation

Second GPA implementation requires - - a concerted action at all levels, with all relevant actors (governments, local local and regional authorities, regional and international organizations, the scientific community, the private sector, indigenous and local communities, breedersand farmers)

- a significant increase in PGRFA activities and adequate funding.

Implementation

Efforts should come both from National Programmesand International cooperation (to complement and support national efforts in developing countries)

Implementation

International cooperation -The implementation of the Treaty and the contribution of the Benefit Sharing Fund and Global Crop Diversity Trust are essential.- Additional sources of funding …

the Second GPA

It calls for:

Greater emphasis on in situ conservation of genetically diverse populations, especially CWR, to allow evolution to continue and thus permit the continued generation of adaptive traits

the Second GPA

It calls for:

A significant expansion of ex situ conservation to ensure the maintenance of diversity, including those adapted to extreme conditions and those from areas expected to be highly affected by climate change;

the Second GPA

It calls for:

Increased research and improved availability of information on the material held ex situ that will become useful under more sustainable production systems and new environmental conditions;

the Second GPA

It calls for:

More emphasis and support on building capacity in plant breeding and seed-systems that make effective and sustainable use of PGRFA;

the Second GPA

It calls for:

Greater attention to reduce genetic erosion and enhance on farm management and intra- and inter-specific diversity;

the Second GPA

It calls for:

Stronger national programmes, with increased involvement of and collaboration among all stakeholders, Ministries, farming communities, private sector;

the Second GPA

Key messages are:

Linking conservation with use

Enhancing capacity at all levels

Strengthening partnerships to conserve and use PGRFA

Complementary and well coordinated conservation and use strategies

the Second GPA

Sets the bases for the development and adoption of national policies, strategies and legislation for the conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA

Global levelSecond

GPA

National level

National

strategy

International cooperationIn situ Conservation and Management (PA 1-4)

1. Surveying and inventorying PGRFA

Toolkit for in situ conservation of CWR and on-farm management of local varietiesConservation and management of endangered locally adapted crop varieties (ALB)

2. Supporting on-farm management and improvement of PGRFA

BSF-2 Participatory conservation & utilization of rice genetic resources for livelihood and food security (Bhutan)

BSF-2 On-farm conservation and mining of local durum wheat and barley landraces of Tunisia for biotic and abiotic stresses, enhanced food security and adaptation to climate change (Tunisia)

BSF-2 Conservación y manejo sostenible del germoplasma de papas nativas en las comunidades campesinas de la Provincia de Andahuaylas (Peru)

BSF-2 Strengthening community-based on-farm conservation and sustainable use of crop diversity in semi arid Zambezi-Gwembe Valley of Zambia

BSF-2 Improving livelihoods of local communities in semi arid zones of Malawi through on farm conservation and exploiting the genetic potential and seed production of yams, sorghum, pearl millet, finger millet and cowpeas germplasm in mitigating climate change (Malawi)

3. Assisting farmers in disaster situations to restore crop systems

BSF-2 Establecimiento de una red preliminar de bancos comunitarios de semillas, en regiones vulnerables del país, para disponer de semillas en caso de desastres naturales (GTM)

4. Promoting in situ conservation and management of crop wild relatives and wild food plants

GCDT – Millennium Seed Bank, Kew – collect CWR of 26 key crops, conserve them in genebanks, and prepare them for use in plant breeding programmes to breed new crop varieties adapted to changing climatic conditions.

• collecting targets identified based on gap analysis • discussions on collecting initiated with Myanmar, Mozambique, Israel,

Azerbaijan

International cooperationIn situ Conservation and Management (PA 1-4)

International cooperationEx situ Conservation (PA 5-7)

5. Supporting targeted collectingGCDT – CWRTCPs - Azerbaijan Albania

6. Sustaining and expanding ex situ conservation- GCDT – 11 international genebanks supported

- Genebank standards

7. Regenerating and multiplying ex situ accessionsGCDT – regeneration project

•22 crops•95,000 accessions•246 collections•86 institutes•77 countries•9 networks

• 74,410 regenerated• 3,675 put in vitro• 12,255 not viable

Safety duplication

•37,218 accessions•41 countries•12 not Treaty Party• in process 10,000 accessions

08 09 10 11 12 13 140

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

Accessions

08 09 10 11 12 13 140

200

400

600

800

1000

SGSVGenera

08 09 10 11 12 13 140

10203040506070

Depositors

International cooperationSustainable Use (PA 8-12)

8. Expanding characterization, evaluation

GCDT - 43 projects that evaluated 59 collections of 20 crops for some 143 traits of interest for climate change adaptation

9. Supporting plant breeding, genetic enhancement and base-broadening efforts

Global Partnership Initiative for Plant Breeding Capacity Building (GIPB)e-Learning Course on Pre-breedingGEF-Mainstreaming use and conservation of agro-biodiversity in public policies through

integrated strategies in the Andean highlands in EcuadorGEF-Conservation and sustainable use of agricultural biodiversity to improve human nutrition in

five macro eco-regions in BoliviaBSF-2 Use of genetic resources to establish a multi country program of evolutionary-participatory

plant breeding (Syria, Iran, Jordan)

10. Promoting diversification of crop production and broadening crop diversity for sustainable agriculture

An illustrated Atlas of African agro-biodiversity to raise awareness and understanding of the important role of promising and underutilized fruits and vegetables of tropical Africa

BSF-2 Management, development and utilization of various crop plants for sustainable food availability (Indonesia)

International cooperationSustainable Use (PA 8-12)

11. Promoting development and commercialization of all varieties, primarily farmers’ varieties/landraces and underutilized species

BSF1Promotion of income generation for smallholder farmers through the development of value

added activities and by increasing market access (India, Peru, Kenya)Promotion of Traditional and Locally Adapted Varieties (Egypt, India, Peru, Senegal and

Tanzania) e.g. reintroduced ambakkan cassava variety in Kerala; seed multiplication of cereal trad. varieties in Senegal;

Peru potato multiplcation in the Potato Park and Reintroduction of Ex situ Material (Peru 410 accessions from CIP went back into cultivation)

12. Supporting seed production and distribution

Support to seed systems and seed enterprises development and facilitating farmers’ access to highly performing varieties in Latin America (Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panamá y Belize + Perú, Bolivia y Ecuador ) and West Africa

Preparation and/or review of seed policies and regulations (Afghanistan, Benin, Burkina Faso, Lebanon, Mauritania, Sierra Leone and Togo)

Draft Guide for National Seed Policy Formulation

Project for developing regulatory frameworks and capacities for the emergence of seed industries and the delivery of quality seed to small farmers (Tanzania, Ghana and Senegal)

International cooperationBuilding capacities (PA 13-18)

13. Building and strengthening national programmes NISM has led to the establishment/strengthening of national PGRFA committee in many countries

Support countries in developing national strategies (Jordan, Egypt, Lebanon, Iran, …)Guidelines to assist countries in preparing a national PGRFA strategy ITWG-7 and CGRFA-15. Seed policy and seed legislation guidelines are being prepared ITWG-7 and CGRFA-15

14. Promoting and strengthening networksConcept note on a global network for in situ conservation and on-farm management of PGRFA

to raise awareness of the social and economic value of in situ conservation and on-farm managementto promote knowledge sharing, capacity development and partnershipsto improve coordination of on-going efforts

(PA 13 and 14)BSF-2 Seven projects supporting the development of strategic action plans for climate change

adaptation of key food crops 1.Bangladesh,Benin, Brazil, Ecuador, India, Guatemala, Malawi, Nepal, Nicaragua, Zambia, Zimbabwe; 2 Bhutan, Cambodia, Lao PDR, the Philippines, Vietnam; 3. Sudan; 4. Brazil with partner applicants in: Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Cuba, Haiti e Mozambique; 5. Democratic People's Republic of Korea; 6. Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Mexico; 7. Tunisia

International cooperationBuilding capacities (PA 13-18)

16. Developing and strengthening systems for monitoring and safeguarding genetic diversity and minimizing genetic erosion

WIEWS - NISM Work on indicators under CGRFA and CBD

15. Constructing and strengthening comprehensive information systems

GCDT – GENESYS and GRIN GlobalNew WIEWS MCPD-2

17. Building and strengthening human capacityMost of the projects reported

18. Promoting and strengthening public awarenessMost of the projects reported

Thank you

Plant Production and Protection Division