Misty Blain

Edu 290

10-01-09

The Early Days of Michigan

(1636 – 1842)

3 Main Tribes:Chippewa or OjibwayPotowatomiOttowa

The Indians of Michigan

daBinsi. “A Chippewa Elder" August 9, 2009 Via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

1st to be seen by EuropeansLargest in Michigan – they lived in the up and

on the shore of Lake Huron in the Lower Peninsula.

Anishinabe (ah nish in A bey) Means first man

Algonquin LanguageHunted and fished for food

Gathered berriesDried food and saved for winter

Chippewa or Ojibway

Cseeman. “Wild Berries in Saline, Michigan” July 4, 2009. Via Flicker/creative commons

Lived in Southern MichiganName comes from Ojibwa phrase

Means fire Algonquin LanguageBig farmersUsed fire to burn off grass before they

planted foodCorn, squash, beans, tobacco, melons, and

sunflowers

Potowatomi

Lived in the western part of MichiganAlgonquin LanguageName came from Adawa which means to

trade.Traded woven mats & furs for pottery & sea

shells.Corn, sunflower oil, tobacco, and medicinal

herbs were traded too.Experts in the use of canoes.

Ottawa

St. Lawrence river a pathwayContest between:

EnglandFranceHollandSpain

Many did not go far into the land of the U.S.

Exploring North America

Etienne (Brulé)Did not write about his travelsFirst European to see MI

Brulé and Grenoble (assistant) helped find MichiganReached the U.P. in 1622

Land was called “new France”

Finding Michigan!

The land was claimed for FranceIn June 1671 St. Lussian proclaimed

that the land belonged to France.

Claiming Michigan

Forts were being built1686 Duluth builds

for St. Joseph at Port Huron

1690 Fort de Buade is built at St. Ignace

1691 fort St. Joseph in built at Niles.

Seeking Michigan. “Augustus Mitchell Map of Michigan” February 19, 2008. Via Flicker/creative commons

June 4th 1701 Cadillac left Montreal in a convoy of 25 canoes which carried 50 soldiers and 50 voyageurs along with some Indians

On the 23rd of June they reached Grosse IlleNext day they began work on fort

pontchartrain

Detroit is Born!

Center of fur tradeOriginally in St. Ignace

Rebuilt in Mackinac city in 1781The fort michilimackinac was later moved to

Mackinac Island in 1979

Michilimackinac

Jim Frazier. “Fort Mackinac and Block House” August 4, 2007. Via Flicker/creative commons

From 1754 to 1760Began over a land feud between French and

British.Both sides wanted the Indians to joins them.Indians fought on both sides

French and Indian War

British would not leaveIndians wanted to keep their landWhen the British left the us took possession

of the Michigan territory.The land then had to be surveyed before

people could live there.

U.S. takes possession of the Michigan territtory

War started when the Americans got hungry fro more Indian land.

It was the British and Indians vs.. the Americans

American army was concentrated near Toledo Ohio.

Peace treaty was made December 25th 1914.Lewis Cass was made governor of the

Michigan territory

War of 1812

200 years earlier the French explorers used rivers and lakes to travel. Now (1800) 200 years later water was still the easiest was to travel.

SO, in 1817 the governor of New York state decided to build the Erie Canal. This gave another new route to Michigan

making the state more and more accessible since There were not that many roads to use.

A new route to Michigan

In the 1800’s people started to clear the land to farm and live.

The planted whatever they could and whatever they needed. One of the biggest crops was wheat.

There was diseases that caused a lot of troubles for the settlers, cholera was a big one.

Most of the settlers helped each other survive and get through daily life and schools were started for the children.

Foraging the landscape and Michigan life

There was a change in leadership and Stevens T. Mason when to talk to president Andrew Jackson and talked him into letting his son become the governor of Michigan.So Mason can go to Texas undercover.He had inherited land there.Now The young Stevens T. Mason was the new

governor of Michigan.He was only 18 when appointed to the position.

Michigan is almost ready to be a state!

Step 1: In the beginning a territory has no elected officials. Its governed by an appointed governor and three judges. The governor can appoint lesser officials

Step 2: once there are 5,000 free adult men, an elected legislature or general assembly is formed but the governor must approve of all laws. The governor, secretary, and judges are still appointed.

Step 3: one there are 60, 000 people in the territory, it can become a state, entering the union equal to all other states.

3 steps to becoming a state

By 1834 Michigan had 85, 000 people living in the soon to be state.

Mason requested that Michigan become a state but congress voted no!

Land disputes started between Michigan and Ohio over the Ohio Strip.

Four weeks after Michigan agreed to change their southern border congress voted to let Michigan join the rest of the states.

MICHIGAN IS NOW A STATE!!!

A State at Last!

1) McConnell, David B. Foreging the Peninsulas. Hillsdale Educational Publishers, inc. 2001.

2) Greenman, Emmerson F. The Indians of Michigan. A John M. History Fund Publication. Pamphlet #5. Michigan Historical Commission Lansing, 1961.

3) Clipart from Microsoft.

References