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The diversity of marine gammaridean amphipods in Thai

Waters

Koraon WongkamhaengDepartment of Biology

Prince of Songkla University

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Pelagic

Epibenthic

Symbiotic

Endobenthic

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Epibion

Cryptobion

Parbion

Peribion

(Shirayama and Horikoshi, 1982)

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Amphipods Ecology and distribution

Nestler

Inquiline Domicolous

Fossorial Planktonic

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General characters

Gammaridea: shrimplike bodies, eyes normal size, thoracic legs with coxal plates, abdomens strong, three pairs of uropod are well developed with rami, primarily benthic or are found to be pelagic species only 20 percent

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Gnathopod types

A. simple B. filliform C. large subchelate D. small subchelate E. complex subchelate F. carpochelate G. chelate H. small chelate I. large chelate (Modified from Bousfield, 1983 )

A. B. C.

D. E. F.

G. H. I.

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Mouthparts

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Amphipods feeding ecologySuspension feeders

Grazers

Omnivores

Detritus feeders

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Thai WatersThai Waters

14http://www.kc-denmark.dk/public_html/p20.htm

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Collecting samplesCollecting samples

SortingSorting

Amphipods IdentificationAmphipods

Identification

Amphipods dissecting and drawing picture

Amphipods dissecting and drawing picture

Morphological analysis and

phylogenetic tree constructing

Morphological analysis and

phylogenetic tree constructing

Some common marine Some common marine gammaridean gammaridean amphipodsamphipods

Ampelisca bocki Ampelisca cyclops iyoensis Anamixis kateluensis

Paradusa bilobataAmpithoe valida

Grandidierella megnae

Cerapus yuyatalay Gammaropsis atlanticus

Grandidierella gilesi

Victoriopisa sp A Cheiriphotis megacheles

Colomastrix pusilla Idullnella janisae Leucothoe furina Tethegeneia khanomensis

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Marine GammaridsRecorded from

Thai Waters

  Family   Species

1 Ampeliscidae 1 Ampelisca brevicornis 2 Ampelisca bocki 3 Ampelisca chinensis 4 Ampelisca cyclops iyoensis 5 Ampelisca honmungensis

    6 Byblis sp.2 Amphilochidae 7 Gitanopsis sp.A3 Ampithoidae 8 Ampithoe rachanoi

9 Ampithoe africana10 Ampithoe valida11 Ampithoe ramondi12 Cymadusa vadosa

    13 Paradusa bilobata4 Anamixidae 14 Anamixis kateluensis     15 Paranamixis sp. A5 Aoridae 16 Grandidierella gilesi

17 Grandidierella gravipes 18 Grandidierella bonnieroides19 Grandidierella megnae 20 Grandidierella halophilus21 Grandidierella sp.22 Cerapus chaomai 23 Cerapus yuyatalay 24 Gammaropsis afer 25 Gammaropsis atlanticus 26 Gammaropsis abbotti

    27 Lembos sp. A6 Colomastigridae 28 Colomastrix pusilla7 Corophiidae 29 Corophium volutator

30 Cheiriphotis megacheles     31 Cheiriphotis sp.A8 Deaxaminidae 32 Paradexamine setigera 9 Eusiridae 33 Tethegeneia khanomensis10 Hadzaiidae 34 Dulichiella fresnelii

35 Elasmopus puteus 36 Eriopisella sp.A

    37 Eriopisella sechellensis

21 Families

42 Genera

72 Species

2 new species and 16 new record

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Marine GammaridsRecorded from

Thai Waters

  Family   Species10 Hadzaiidae 38 Quadrimaera sp.A

39 Quadrivisio bengalensis 40 Victoriopisa chilkensis

    41 Victoriopisa sp A11 Hyalidae 42 Parhyale hawaiensis     43 Parhyale aquilina12 Isaeidae 44 Ampelisciphotis tridens

45 Dodophotis digitata 46 Gammaropsis togoensis 47 Photis longicaudata48 Photis longimanus

    49 Photis sp.A13 Ischyroceridae 50 Ericthonius pugnax     51 Jassa falcata 14 Leucothoidae 52 Leucothoe alcyone

53 Leucothoe furina 54

Leucothoe germalcyone

    55 Leucothoe spinicarpa 15 Liljeborgiidae 56 Idullnella janisae

57 Idullnella serra 58 Idullnella sp. A

    59 Listriella longipalma 16 Lysianassidae 60 Lysianassa coelocheir 17 Oedicerotidae 61 Monoculodes sp.

62 Perioculodes logimanus63 Perioculodes sp.

    64 Synchelidium tropicalis 18 Paracalliopiidae 65 Paracalliope indica 19 Phoxocephalidae 66 Hapiniopsis sp. A

67 Prohapinia sp. A    68 Mandibulophoxus macrocoxa 20 Podoceridae 69 Podocerus andamanensis21 Urothoidae 70 Urothoe gelasina

71 Urothoe platydactyla     72 Urothoe spinigitus

21 Families

42 Genera

72 Species

2 new species and 16 new record

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Occurrence of Marine Gammaridean Occurrence of Marine Gammaridean Amphipods in Thai watersAmphipods in Thai waters

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/glossary/page/g_h.html

Distribution Percentage

Cosmopolitant 4

Endemic Thai Waters 36

Indo-Pacific 26

oriental 21

Palearctic 1

Tropical 11

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Occurrence of Marine Gammaridean Occurrence of Marine Gammaridean Amphipods in Thai watersAmphipods in Thai waters divided by habitatsdivided by habitats

Habitat species percentage

coral reef 23 31.9

seagrass 24 33.3

soft bottom 15 20.8

estuary 9 12.5

salt pan 1 1.4

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Marine gammaridean amphipods feeding types

Feeding typecoral reef estuary salt pan seagrass

soft bottom

Total species

deposit feeder 10 3 3 5 21

grazer 1 1 14 16

inquiline 1 1 4 6

predator 3 3

suspension feeder 8 5 1 6 6 26

Total species 23 9 1 24 15 72

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Tethegeneia khanomensis

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Grandidierella halophilus

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Conclusion & Recommendation

• Amphipodologists need to specialize on specific family level• Expeditions should be advised to collect more surface flotsam to

discover other amphipods being dispersed in this manner• Application of extensive specialized collecting methods would be

very profitable (sponges, tunicates, etc)

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Thank you for attention